be erased from the list of members; continu ing, however, his subcription for the charities, which its constitution professed to be its main object.

A coincidence of dates in the chain of events, is, sometimes, remarkable. General Heath was the first officer who ordered and gave directions for the guard at Prospect-hill, in 1775, after the battle of the 19th of April in that year, and be was left the last General of the day in the main army to perform the duties affixed to that station, in 1783..

The germ of aristocracy was imbedded in thé constitution of the order of Cincinnati, and they who braved the storm, which menaced them for eight years, blighted their early laurels, by an acquiescence in its organization. A hereditary state of things is so repugnant to the very existence of a free government, that it behoves every member of the community to revolt against the establishment of an institution of this kind. virtues of man perish with the possessor. They are only the ingredients inherited from ancestry, when properly cultivated by education.

The

On the 24th of June, General Heath received a letter from General Washington, dated the same day, taking an affectionate leave of him, which was couched in the strongest language of friendship. On the afternoon of that date, General Heath started for his residence in Massachusetts, and, upon his arrival, exchanged the garb of a soldier, for the habiliments of private life.

During the remaining years of his life, he often experienced the manifestations of the esteem, in which he was held by his fellow-citizens, by their suffrages. In the year 1798, he published his memoirs. While they evince, in the manner of memorandum, a man of business, their want of

method and arrangement exhibit the absence of the able penman.

The General in the evening of his days, reposed in domestic felicity, enjoying the reward of a well spent life, in the warm affection of a nation, in whose freedom he had so often risked his existence in the field of battle.

MAJOR-GENERAL

ANTHONY WAYNE,

THIS gentleman was born in Chester county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1745. His ancestors were Irish, and his grandfather was a Captain ander King William, at the battle of the Boyne; but, at what time, the family emigrated to America is not precisely known. Besides the farming business, General Wayne's father carried on the tanning to a large extent. He was annually elected, for many years, a member of the provincial legislature, for Chester county. In consequence of his advanced age, he declined a re-election in 1773, when his son Anthony, the subject of the following memoir, was elected to fill the seat, which had thus became vacant, by the resig nation of his father. Our hero had been bred to the profession of a surveyor, to the duties of which he had attended for several years. But as soon as the clouds began to gather in the political hemisphere, he relinquished his private pursuits and united his efforts with the patriots of 1774 and 1775, in warding off the impending storm. He was successively honoured with a seat in the Legislature, until he vacated it for the more ar

duous toils of the tented field, by the acceptance of a Colonelcy in the provincial army; and so great was his interest, that, in a few weeks, he raised a regiment in his native county.

He attended with his regiment, the unfortunate General Thompson into Lower Canada, in 1776, and was present in the attack on Trois Rivieres, when that gallant officer was defeated and taken prisoner. After this disastrous event, he was peeuliarly serviceable in securing the retreat of the American troops, which, by his judicious conduct and activity he was able to effect with very little loss. On this occasion, he was slightly wounded. In the retreat, after the capture of Thompson, Colonel Maxwell was the commanding officer. This unfortunate expedition was planned and ordered by General Sullivan. Colonel Wayne afterwards served, with his regiment, in the northern army at Ticonderoga under General Gates, in the campaign of 1776. His talents as an engineer, his quickness of perception and accurate coupd'oeil estimation of heights and distances, with his other military qualifications, rendered him a most valuable officer.

In the beginning of the campaign of 1777, he was riased to the rank of Brigadier-general, and with his brigade was ordered to reinforce General Washington, at the head of Elk.

At the battle of Brandywine, General Kniphausen was posted at Chad's ford, as a feint, General Washington having stationed General Wayne, with an adequate force as he supposed, to defend the passage of the ford. When Cornwallis, as he had designed, succeeded in turning the right flank of the American army, Kniphausen crossed the ford and attacked Wayne with great vigour. He sustained the shock with much resolution; but, after a severe conflict, was obliged to

cannon.

give way to superior force, leaving in possession of the enemy, his entrenchments, battery and On his retreat, Wayne passed the rear of the 10th Virginian regiment, under Colonel Stevens, who was severely engaged with the enemy from nearly an hour before the setting sun until dark.

Shortly after this, Wayne, with the advance of the Americans had a slight affair with the enemy, which would have ended in a general engagement, had it not been for the timely interposition of a rain, which rendered both parties incapable of

action.

General Wayne continued to hang on the rear of the English General Howe. On the 19th he received orders from General Washington to act to the greatest advantage against the rear of the enemy in conjunction with General Smallwood and Colonel Gist, while he should cross the Schuylkill at Parker's ford, and endeavour to head the enemy and oppose him in front, thus exposing him to the disastrous effects of a double fire.

General Howe having learned the situation of the troops under General Wayne, which consisted only of about 1500 men with a few pieces of cannon, he despatched General Gray with the 2d regiment of cavalry and a body of infantry on the night of the 20th of September, who effected the object for which he was destined. It is said, but with what accuracy is not known, that the American General had timely warning of the attack. Be this as it may, Gray gained Wayne's left about one A. M. on the 21st of September. Some out sentries were early missed by one of the American officers on his rounds.-An alarm was timely given for the men to form; but instead of drawing them out to the back of the encamp

ments, they were paraded in front of their own fires, which directed the British to the object of attack, and by the use of the bayonet, rendered his discomfiture complete. Nearly 300 were killed and wounded, and 70 or 80 taken prisoners, including several officers. The fruits of this enterprise, besides a quantity of arms, and eight waggons loaded with baggage and stores; and the farther disaster of the Americans was only prevented by the darkness of the night, and the subsequent judicious dispositions of General Wayne. For this unfortunate affair he was tried by a court-martial, who, after having duly considered all the circumstances of the case, acquitted him with honour.

The dispositions for the battle of Germantown as made by General Washington, were well conceived, and had no untoward circumstances occurred to marr them, victory would have perched on the American standard. In the display of orders, the divisions of Wayne and Sullivan, flanked by General Conway's brigade, were to enter Germantown by the way of Chesnut-hill. Their march was begun about 7 o'clock P. M. on the 3d of October, accompanied by the Commanderin-chief. The next morning at sun-rise, the attack was commenced on the 40th British regiment and battalion of infantry. Although, during the course of the day, fortune generally favoured the American arms, the scene closed in defeat. In a letter to General Gates, General Wayne declared, that the enemy were flying before the victorious arms of the Americans for about three hours, and ascribes the discomfiture to the wind-mill attack on Chew's stone house. General Stevenson who commanded on the York road, and whose force was designed to cut off the British retreat at the Rising Sun, and at the same