Then might Brazil, pointing to the blossoming wilderness, the well cultivated farm, the busy city, the glancing steamboat, and listening to the hum of the voices of thousands of active and prosperous men, say, with pride and truth : “Thus much have we done for the advancement of civilization and the happiness of the human race."

In making out this report, I have been guided by the letter and spirit of my instructions, and have striven to present a clear and faithful picture of the subjects indicated by them. These were, in brief terms, the present condition of the country—its productions and resources—the navigability of its streams—its capacities for trade and commerce—and its future prospects. This must be my excuse for my meagre contributions to general science. More, I fear, has been expected in this way than has been done; yet the expedition has collected some valuable specimens in each of the kingdoms of natural history, and I hope to obtain means and authority to have them properly described and illustrated.

I have mentioned in various parts of my report the names of persons who have assisted me by counsel or information. I shall close it with the name of the last, the ablest, and the best. Whatever of interest and value may be found in the report, is mainly attributable to the guiding judgment and cheering heart of my friend and kinsman, M. F. Maury.

APPENDIX.

APPENDIX.

NOTES.

The elevations due to the atmospheric pressure, as indicated by the barometer, are extracted from tables calculated, after the complete formula of La Place, by M. F. Delcros, contained in a volume of meteorological tables prepared by Arnold Guyot, and published by the Sinithsonian Institution.

Those due the indications of the boiling point apparatus are taken from a table in the same volume, calculated by Regnault, from his “ Tables of forces of vapor,” published in the Annales de Physique et de Chimie, t. xiv, p. 206.

The height of the barometer at the level of the sea is assumed at 30.00, and the temperature of the air at 65° Fah.

I have added a column of heights, measured with the barometer by Don Mariano Rivero, at places where they compare with mine.

At the pass of Antarangra we took our observations on the summit of a bill about two hundred feet above the road at its highest point.

Morococha is situated near the line of perpetual snow, on the eastern slope of the western chain of the Andes.

Tingo Maria is the place of embarkation on the Huallaga. The distance from Callao to this point, by our route, is 337 miles. The distance hence to the Atlantic is 3,662. If we add to these sums the 90 miles of travel fron Tarma to Fort San Ramon and back, with the 626 from the mouth of the Ucayali to Sarayacu and back, we shall have the whole distance travelled over--4,715 miles.

a

a

TABLE OF APPROXIMATE HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES FROM CALLAO TO THE ATLANTIC.

.505

Callao
Lima ....
Pacayar
Yanacnto
Coca Chacra
Moyoc...

6
12
10
16
15
15
13

30.000
29. 528
28. 580
27.568
25. 574
23. 027
23. 027
20.843
211, 843

Do.....

198.25

65
75
61
57
58
50
50
59
59
33
49
43
43

10.232

193. 25
188.3

17.836
16,730
16.730
17. 700

15. 758

Do....

182.5

46

BBBB:933:49wBig4B6B

476
1,346
2, 337
4,452
7, 306
7,380
10, 200
10, 128
12, 898
14, 300
16, 044
16, 199
14,409
12,786
11, 654
11, 825
9,738
9,770
8,512
7,091
5, 687
3, 192
2, 605
2,953
10,539

188.5

San Mateo.

Do...
Acchahuarcu
Lower edge of snow on western slope
Pass of Antarangra

...do
Morococha
Pachachaca
Oroya

Do
Tarma

Do
Palca
Matichacra.
Huacapishtana..
Challuapuquio
Fort San Ramon

Do......do.
From Tarma to Palcamayo

12

12. 270

190, 2

18

10,092

193.9

11
12

19. 542
19.542
21, 144
21, 144
21. 972
23. 292
24. 482
26, 804
27, 406
27. 406

40
36
36
55
55
43
61
60
68
76

12

15

206.5 192,5

37