HUMUS, the ground.

In-hume, in-humation, post-humous, from posthumus or postumus, born or published after the father is put into the ground.

Humility, humble, from humilis, belonging to the ground. Homo, hominis, a creature formed from the ground, man ; hence homi-cide, (see CADO, p. 4.)

Human, humane, from humanus, belonging to man ; inhuman.

J.

JACIO, Icast, throw.-JACTUS, thrown. [Jacio is changed into Jicio, and Jactus into Jectus, when compounded.]

AB-JECT, ad-jective, circum-jacent, con-jecture, de-ject, e-ject, in-ject, inter-jection, ob-ject, pro-ject, re-ject, sub-ject.

JUGUM, a yoke.-JUGO or JUNGO, I join.— JUNCTUS, joined.

Con-jugal, con-jugate, sub-jugate.

Ad-join, ad-junct, con-junctive, dis-join, dis-junctive, en-join or in-join.

JUS, JURIS, law, right.

Just, justi-fy, (see FACIO, p. 11,) justice, jury, juror, jurat, judge, juris-diction, juri-dicial, (see Dico, p. 9,) juris-prudence, (prudence, for prudentia, knowledge.)

Ab-jure, ab-juration, ad-juration, con-jure, con-juration, per-jury.

L.

LABOR, I glide, pass away.-LAPSUS, passed away.

LAPSE.--Col-lapse, e-lapse, re-lapse.

LATUS, LATERIS, the side.

Lateral, col-lateral, equi-lateral, (see Æquus, p. 1.)

LAXO, I loosen.

Lax, laxity, laxative re-lax.

LEVIS, light; (what is light is easily borne up, hence LEVO, I lift.) Levity.-Al-leviate, e-levate, re-lieve, re-lief.

LEGO, I chose, I gather, I read, (that is I gather words together.)-LECTUS, chosen.

[Lego is changed into Ligo, when compounded.] Lesson, a corruption of lectio, that which is read: lex, legis, what is read to the people, namely, law; hence legal, legitimate.

Privi-lege, from privilegium, (privus, private or particular,) a private law, a special right.-Legion, from legio, a body of men chosen for military service. Col-lect, de-lectable, di-ligent, e-lect, e-legant, e-legance, se-lect, intel-ligent, intel-ligence, intel-lect. Neg-lect, neg-ligence, from negligo, (for nec, not,) 1 do not choose.-Sacri-lege, sacri-legious, (see SACER, p. 32.)

LEGO, I send a message, No. II.

Legation, legate, from legatus, a person sent; legacy, from legatum, a thing sent as a present.-Al-lege, de-legate, col-lege, col-league.

LIBER, free, easy, disengaged.

Liberal, liberty, libertine, from libertinus, one who used excess of freedom.-Liberate.-De-liberate, from delibero, I use the right of a free man, I debate. Deliver.-Liber, (gen. libri,) the bark of a tree, (so named, it is said, from being easily separated from the other part of the tree,) also a book*; libel, from

* The materials first used for writing were the leaves, or inner bark, (liber) of trees, whence the word liber was applied to a book. The leaves of trees are still used for writing by several nations of India. Afterwards linen and tables covered with wax were used. About the time of Alexander the Great, paper first began to be manufactured from an Egyptian plant or reed, called Papyrus, whence our word paper. The exportation of paper being prohibited by one of the Ptolemies, out of envy against Eumenes, king of Pergamus, who endeavoured to rival him in the magnificence of his library; the use of parchment was discovered.

The art of making paper from cotton or silk was invented in the East about the beginning of the tenth century; and in imitation of it, from linen rags in the fourteenth century. The skin of sheep when prepared for writing is called parchment; of calves, vellum, (as if vitulinum, of calves, the word corium, skin, being understood.) The instrument used for writing on the waxen tables, or other materials, was an iron pencil with a sharp point, called stylus, whence the English word stile. As the Romans never wore a sword in the city, they often, upon sudden provocation, used the stylus as a weapon: hence, probably, the stiletto of the modern Italians.

The Romans commonly wrote on one side only of the paper or parchment, and always joined one sheet (scheda) to the end of another, till they had finished what they had to write, and then rolled it up on a cylinder; hence volumen, a volume, from volvo, I roll up.

libellus, a little book; librarian, from librarius, one who has the care of books.

LIGO, I tie, bind.

Ligament.-Al-ligation, ob-lige, ob-ligation.-Re-ligion.

LINQUO, I leave.

De-linquent, de-linquency, re-linquish, de-re-liction, re-lic, ob-lique, ob-liquity.

Julius Cæsar, in his letters to the senate, introduced the custom of dividing them into pagina, (whence our word page,) and folding them into the form of a book. After this, all applications to the emperors, and messages from them to the senate, or public orders to the people, were written and folded in this form, called libelli, whence our word libel.

A writ conferring any exclusive right or privilege was called diploma*; this was similar to what we call a patent, or letters patent, that is, letters open to the inspection of all. [Patere, (whence patens, patentis,) to open, or to expose to view.] Any writing, whether on paper, parchment, tablets, or whatever materials, folded like our books, with a number of distinct leaves one above another, was called codex. In after times, codex, was applied to a collection of laws; hence our word code. Codicillus, the diminutive of codex, was applied chiefly to any addition made to a person's last will; whence the English word codicil. Litera, commonly signifies a letter of the alphabet, yet all kinds of writings were called litera; but litera is most frequently applied to epistolary writings. Epistola + was applied to letters sent to those who were absent. See Adam's Roman Antiquities.

*See Student's Manual.

+ Epistola (epistle) is derived from the Greek. See Student's Manual.

LITERA, a letter.

Letter, literal, literary, literature, il-literate, ob-literate.

LOCUS, a place.-LOCO, I place. Local.-Col-location, dis-locate, dis-location.

LONGUS, distant.

Long, longitude, longevity, from longavitas, (vita, life,) long life.-Ob-long, pro-long.

LOQUOR, I speak.-LOCUTUS, spoken. Locution, loquacity.-Col-loquial, circum-locution, eloquent, e-loquence, e-locution, ob-loquy, soli-loquy, (solus, alone.)-Ventriloquist.

LUDO, I play, sport, laugh.-LUSUS, played. Ludicrous.-al-lude, al-lusion, col-lusion, de-lude, elude, il-lusion, pro-lusion.

LUO, I wash.-LUTUS, washed.

Ab-lution, al-luvion, di-lute, pol-lute.

LUX, LUCIS, also LUMEN, LUMINIS, light. Lucid.-E-lucidate, pel-lucid.-Lucubration, from lucu bratio, working by candle light.-Luminous, luminary, from luminare, a body which yields light.-Illuminate.

M.

MAGNUS, great.-MAJOR, greater. MAGNITUDE, magn-animity, from magnanimus, (animus, the mind,) main; major, majority, from majores, those greater than ourselves; majesty, from majestas, greatness.-Master, a corruption of magister, one who