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safety-valves are of suitable dimensions, sufficient in number, well arranged, and in good working order, (one of which may, if necessary, in the opinion of the inspectors, to secure safety, be taken wholly from the control of all persons engaged in navigating such vessel;) that there is a suitable number of gauge-cocks properly inserted, and a suitable water gauge and steam gauge, indicating the height of the water and the pressure of the steam; that in or upon the outside flue of each outside high-pressure boiler there is placed, in a suitable man.ner, alloyed metals, fusible by the heat of the boiler when raised to the highest working pressure allowed, and that, in or upon the top of the flues of all other high-pressure boilers in the steamer, such alloyed metals are placed as aforesaid, fusing at ten pounds greater pressure than said metals on the outside boilers, thereby, in each case, letting steam escape; and that adequate and certain provision is made for an ample supply of water to feed the boilers at all times, whether such vessel is in motion or not; so that, in high-pressure boilers, the water shall not be less than four inches above the flue; Provided, however, In steamers hereafter supplied with new high-pressure boilers, if the alloy fuses on the outer boilers at a pressure of ten pounds exceeding the working pressure allowed, and at twenty pounds above said pressure on the inner boilers, it shall be a sufficient compliance with this act.

Third. That in subjecting to the hydrostatic test aforesaid, boilers called and usually known under the designation of high-pressure boilers, the inspectors shall assume one hundred and ten pounds to the square inch as the maximum pressure allowable as a working power for a new boiler forty-two inches in diameter, made of inspected iron plates at least one-fourth of an inch thick, in the best manner, and of the quality herein required; and shall rate the working power of all high-pressure boilers, whether of greater or less diameter, old or new, according to their strength compared with this standard; and in all cases the test applied shall exceed the working power allowed, in the ratio of one hundred and sixty-five to one hundred and ten, and no high-pressure boilers hereafter made shall be rated above this standard; and in subjecting to the test aforesaid that class of boilers usually designated and known as low-pressure boilers, the said inspectors shall allow, as a working power of each new boiler, a pressure of only three-fourths the number of pounds to the square inch to which it shall have been subjected by the hydrostatic test and found to be sufficient therefor, using the water in such tests at a tem

perature not exceeding sixty degrees Fahrenheit; but should such inspectors be of the opinion that said boiler, by reason of its construction or material, will not safely allow so high a working pressure, they may, for reasons to be stated specifically in their certificate, fix the working pressure of said boiler at less than three-fourths of said test pressure, and no lowpressure boiler hereafter made shall be rated in its working pressure above the aforesaid standard; and provided that the same rules shall be observed in regard to boilers heretofore made, unless the proportion between such boilers and the cylinders, or some other cause, renders it manifest that its application would be unjust, in which cases the inspectors may depart from these rules, if it can be done with safety; but in no case shall the working pressure allowed exceed the hydrostatic test, and no valve, under any circumstances, shall be loaded or so managed, in any way, as to subject a boiler to a greater pressure than the amount allowed by the inspectors; nor shall any boiler or pipe be approved which is made in whole or in part of bad material, or is unsafe in its form, or dangerous from defective workmanship, age, use, or any other cause.

Fourth. That when the inspection in detail is completed, and the inspectors approve of the vessel and her equipment throughout, they shall make and subscribe a certificate to the collector of the district, substantially as follows:

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do certify, that she was built in the year is in all respects staunch, seaworthy, and in good condition for navigation, having suitable means of escape, in case of accident, from the main to the upper deck; that she is provided with (here insert the number of state rooms; the number of berths therein; the number of other permanent berths for cabin passengers; the number of berths for deck or other classes of passengers; the number of passengers of each class for whom she has suitable accommodations; and in case of steamers sailing to or from any European port, or to or from any port on the Atlantic or the Pacific, a distance of one thousand miles or upwards, the number of each she is permitted to carry. And in case of a steamer sailing to any other port, a distance of five hundred miles or upwards, the number of deck passengers she is per

mitted to carry; also the number of boilers, and the form, dimensions, and material of which each boiler is made; the thickness of the metal, and when made; if made after this act takes effect, and of iron, whether they are such in all respects as the act requires; whether each boiler has been tried by hydrostatic test; the amount of pressure to the square inch in pounds applied to it; whether the amount allowed as the maximum working power was determined by the rule prescribed by this act, if not, the reason for a departure from it. Also the number of safety valves required; their capacity; the load prescribed for each valve; how many are left in the control of the persons navigating the vessel; whether one is withdrawn, and the manner of securing it against interference. Also the number and dimensions of supply pipes, and whether they and the other means provided are sufficient at all times, and under all circumstances, when in good order, to keep the water up four inches at least above the top of the flue. Also the number and dimensions of the steam pipes; the number and kind of engines; the dimensions of their cylinders; the number and capacity of the forcing pumps, and how worked; the number and kind of gauge-cocks, water and steam gauges, where situate, and how secured. Also the manner of using alloyed metals, and the pressure at which they are known by the inspectors to fuse; the equipments for the extinguishment of fires, including hose, fire buckets, and axes; the provisions for saving life in case of accident, including boats, life-preservers, and substitutes therefor, where kept, and all other provisions made on board for the security of the lives of passengers.) And we further certify, that the equipment of the vessel throughout, including pipes, pumps, and other means to keep the water up to the point aforesaid, hose, boats, life-preservers, and other things, is in conformity with the provisions of law; and that we declare it to be our deliberate conviction, founded upon the inspection which we have made, that the vessel may be employed as a steamer upon the waters named in the application, without peril to life from any imperfection of form, materials, workmanship, or arrangement of the several parts, or from age or And we further certify, that said vessel is to run within the following limits, to wit, from and back, touching at intermediate places.

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And which certificate shall be verified by the oaths of the inspectors signing it, before a person competent by law to administer oaths. And in case the said inspectors do not grant

a certificate of approval, they shall state in writing, and sign the same, their reasons for their disapproval.

Fifth. Upon the application of the master or owner of any steamer employed in the carriage of passengers, for a license to carry gunpowder, oil of turpentine, oil of vitrol, camphene, or other explosive burning fluids and materials which ignite by friction, or either of them, the inspectors shall examine such vessel, and if they find that she is provided with chests or safes composed of metal, or entirely lined therewith, or one or more apartments thoroughly lined with metal at a secure distance from any fire, they may grant a certificate to that effect, authorizing such vessel to carry as freight any of the articles aforesaid, those of each description to be secured in such chest, safe, or apartment, containing no other article, and carried at a distance from any fire to be specified in the certificate: Provided, That any such certificate may be revoked or annulled at any time by the inspectors, upon proof that either of the said articles have been carried on board said vessel at a place, or in a manner, not authorized by such certificate; or that any of the provisions of this act in relation thereto have been violated.

Sixth. The said inspectors shall keep a regular record of certificates of inspections of vessels, their boilers, engines, and machinery, whether of approval or disapproval; and when recorded the original shall be delivered to the collector of the district. They shall keep a like record of certificates, authorizing gunpowder, oil of turpentine, oil of vitrol, camphene, or other explosive burning fluids and materials which ignite by friction, or either of them, to be carried as freight by any such vessel; and when recorded deliver the originals to said collector. They shall keep a like record of all licenses to pilots and engineers, and all revocations thereof; and shall, from time to time, report to the supervising inspector of their respective districts, in writing, their decisions on all applications for such licenses, or proceedings for the revocation thereof, and all testimony received by them in such proceedings.

Seventh. The inspectors shall license and classify all engineers and pilots of steamers carrying passengers.

Eighth. Whenever any person, claiming to be qualified to perform the duty of engineer upon steamers carrying passengers, shall apply for a certificate, the board of inspectors shall examine the applicant, and the proofs which he produces in support of his claim; and if, upon full consideration, they are satisfied that his character, habits of life, knowledge and experience in the duties of an engineer are all such as to authorize the

belief that the applicant is a suitable and safe person to be intrusted with the powers and duties of such a station, they shall give him a certificate to that effect, for one year, signed by them, in which certificate they shall state the time of the examination, and shall assign the appointee to the appropriate class of engineers.

Ninth. Whenever any person claiming to be a skilful pilot, for any such vess, shall offer himself for a license, the said board shall make diligent inquiry as to his character and merits; and if satisfied that he possesses the requisite skill, and is trustworthy and faithful, they shall give him a certificate to that effect, licensing him for one year to be a pilot of any such vessels within the limit prescribed in the certificate; but the license of any such engineer or pilot may be revoked upon proof of negligence, unskilfulness, or inattention to the duties of the station: Provided, however, If, in cases of refusal to license engineers or pilots, and in cases of the revocation of any license by the local board of inspectors, any engineer or pilot, deeming himself wronged by such refusal or revocation, may, within thirty days after notice thereof, on application to a supervising inspector, have his case examined anew by such supervising inspector, upon producing a certified copy of the reasons assigned by the local board for their doings in the premises; and such supervising inspector may revoke the decision of such local board of inspectors, and license such pilot or engineer; and like proceedings, upon the same conditions, may be had by the master or owner of any such vessel, or of any steamboat boiler, for which the said local board shall have refused, upon inspection, to give a certificate of approval, or shall have notified such master or owner of any repairs necessary after such certificate has been granted.

Tenth. It shall be unlawful for any person to employ, or any person to serve as engineer or pilot, on any such vessel, who is not licensed by the inspectors; and any one so offending shall forfeit one hundred dollars for each offence: Provided, however, That if a vessel leaves her port with a complement of engineers and pilots, and on her voyage is deprived of their services, or the services of any of them, without the consent, fault, or collusion of the master, owner, or any one interested in the vessel, the deficiency may be temporarily supplied, until others, licensed, can、 be obtained.

Eleventh. In addition to the annual inspection it shall be the duty of said board to examine, seasonably, steamers arriving and departing so often as to enable them to detect any neglect

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