Island of St. GEORGE is situated to the S. W. of Cape Colonna, at the entrance of the Gulf of Egina. GARDALOR lies off the Coast of Attica, between Cape Colonna, and Porto Leono.

PAGE 79. 1. 15, 16.

These Seas, where Storms at various seasons blow,
No reigning Winds, nor certain omens know.

It is in consequence of this that the Greeks in all ages have been excellent Boatmen, and bad Seamen. Mr. Mitford informs us, in the first Volume of his History of Greece, that the English are the only Navigators who can keep this Sea in rough Weather, and that they " alone, accustomed in all their surrounding Waters to a bolder Navigation, commonly venture in the Archipelago to work to windward." Mr. Wood in his Essay on Homer, adds-“ I remember to have heard an English Captain of a Turkey Ship, a Man of knowledge and character, say; that he did not scruple, in tolerable weather, to work within the Arches, as our Seamen call the Archipelago, (which is itself a corruption of the modern Greek Aigiopelago); but he made it a rule never to take off his clothes; and, without leaving orders, to be called in the instant of any threatening appearance in the Sky, or any dubious sight of land never to quit the Deck."

PAGE 81. 1. 17, 18.

Yet where with safety can we dare to scud
Before this Tempest, and pursuing Flood?

The movement of SCUDDING, from the Swedish word

Skutta, is never attempted in a contrary Wind, unless, as in the present instance, the condition of a Ship renders her incapable of sustaining any longer on her side, the mutual efforts of the Winds and Waves. The principal hazards, incident to Scudding, are generally a pooping Sea; the difficulty of steering which exposes the Vessel perpetually to the risk of broaching-to; and the want of sufficient sea room: A Sea striking the Ship violently on the stern may dash it inwards, by which she must inevitably founder; in broaching-to suddenly, she is threatened with being immediately overset; and, for want of searoom, she is endangered with Shipwreck on a lee-shore; a circumstance too dreadful to require explanation. FAL

CONER.

PAGE 83. 1.13, 14.

And now the senior PILOTS seemed to wait

ARION's voice, to close the dark debate:

The word Pilots occurs too often, since it is invariably used in a sense foreign to its real meaning-the Master, and Mates of the Vessel. The reader will here remember, under the character of ARION that of Falconer himself is described in the Speech therefore, that succeeds, we have the real sentiments of our Author at this critical emergency, which, with considerable effect, he has thus reserved to close the debate.

PAGE 84. 1. 7. Thus water-logged

A Ship is said to be water-logged, when having re

ceived through her leaks a great quantity of water into her Hold, she has become so heavy and inactive on the Sea, as to yield without resistance to the efforts of every wave that rushes over the deck. As in this dangerous situation the centre of gravity is no longer fixed, but fluctuates from place to place, the Stability of the Ship is utterly lost: she is therefore almost totally deprived of the use of her Sails, which operate to overset her, or press the head under water: hence there is no resource for the Crew, except to free her by the Pumps, or to abandon her for the Boats as soon as possible. FALCONER.

PAGE 89. 1. 9, 10. HATCHES, LANYARD.

Falconer, to avoid repetition, has in the word Hatches, employed a term which he himself in his Dictionary informs us, Seamen sometimes incorrectly use for Gratings ; a sort of open cover for the Hatchways, formed by several small laths, or battens, which cross each other at right angles, leaving a square interval between: these Gratings. are not only of service to admit the air and light between decks, but also to let off the smoke of the great guns during Action.

LANYARD, or Laniard, is a short piece of line fastened to different things on board a Ship, to preserve them in a particular place; such are the Lanyards of the gun ports, the Lanyard of the Buoy, the Lanyard of the Cat hook, &c. but the Lanyards alluded to in the above line, were those, by means of which the Shrouds were kept extended; or, as a Sailor would express himself, taught.

PAGE 92. 1. 14. Both stay-sail Sheets to mid-ships were

conveyed,

The fore Stay sail being one of the Sails which command the fore part of the Ship, is for that reason hoisted at this time, to bear her fore-part round before the Wind: for the same reason, after it is split, the foremost Yards are braced aback; that is, so as to form right angles with the direction of the wind. For a further illustration of this, FALCONER.

see the subsequent note.

PAGE 94. 1. 4. And hew at once the Mixen-mast away!

In addition to the nautical notes by Falconer, the following Illustration of the Orders that have been given by ALBERT, was subjoined by our Author to the second edition." When a Ship is forced by the violence of a contrary Wind to furl all ber Sails, if the Storm increases, and the Sea continue to rise, she is often strained to so great a degree, that, to ease her, she must be made to run before their mutual direction; which however is rarely done but in cases of the last necessity: now as she has no head-way, the Helm is deprived of its governing power, as the latter effect is only produced in consequence of the former: it therefore necessarily requires an uncommon effort to wheel, or turn her, into any different position. It is an axiom in Natural Philosophy, that Every Body will persevere in its state of rest, or moving uniformly ' in a right line, unless it be compelled to change its state by forces impressed; and that the change of motion is

'proportional to the moving force impressed, and is made ' according to the right line in which that force acts.'

"By this principle it is easy to conceive, how a Ship is compelled to turn into any direction, by the force of the Wind acting upon her Sails in lines parallel to the plane of the horizon; for the Sails may be so set, as to receive the current of air either directly, or more or less obliquely; and the motion communicated to the Ship must of necessity conspire with that of the Wind. As therefore the Ship lies in such a situation as to have the Wind and Sea directly on her side; and these increase to such an height, that she must either founder, or scud before the Storm; the aftmost Sails are first taken in, or so placed that the Wind has very little power on them; and the Head-Sails, or foremost Sails, are spread abroad, so that the whole force of the Wind is exerted on the Ship's forepart, which must therefore of necessity yield to its impulse. The Prow being thus put in motion, its motion must conspire with that of the Wind, and will be pushed about so as to run immediately before it for this reason when no more Sail can be carried, the foremost Yards are braced aback, that is, in such a position as to receive all the current of air they can contain directly, to perform the operation of Head-Sails; and the Mizen-Yard is lowered to produce the same effect as furling, or placing obliquely the aft most Sails; and this attempt being found insufficient, the Mizen-Mast is cut away, which must have been followed by the Main-Mast, if the expected effect had not taken place."