CO-ORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS. Conjunctions Joining Words. EXERCISES. 186. Analyze the following sentences: 1. When did the French conquer Milan and Genoa ? ORAL ANALYSIS. Did conquer is the incomplete predicate. Its complements are Milan and Genoa, direct objects, by which it is modified. They are joined by and, a co-ordinate conjunction. EXPLANATION.-Co-ordinate conjunctions are written between the parts that they join, and begin about the space of two letters to the right. A dotted line connects the co-ordinate parts. 2. They are wise and honorable men. ORAL ANALYSIS. Men is modified by wise and honorable, adjectives joined by and, a co-ordinate conjunction. men Milan do and c c Genoa do When adv OUTLINE. wise adj and ec honorable adj 3. We are two travelers, Roger and I. 4. Some days must be dark and dreary. 5. Slowly and sadly we laid him down. 6. Saturn has large rings and belts. ORAL ANALYSIS. Rings and belts are joined by and, a co-ordinate conjunction, and modified by large, an adjective. OUTLINE, SD Saturn hasr+ +' с EXPLANATION.-The sign + is used as a reference-sign when a word modifies two or more words. In the foregoing sentence, the position of large shows that it modifies rings; the sign before it, in connection with the sign under belts, shows that it also modifies belts. Reference-signs are used in pairs. Each one of a pair is marked with a prime ('), a second ("), or a third (""), for convenience of reference. (It will be observed that the complement-sign is smaller than the reference-sign, and is not marked with a prime, etc.) 7. Old soldiers fight very cautiously as well as' courageously. 8. Do you know the moon's weight and size? 9. How regularly and rapidly the earth moves! 10. Loan oft loses both itself and friend.-Shak. 2 1. As well as is a co-ordinate conjunction. 2. Both modifies the words joined by and. 187. Copy a sentence in which nouns are joined by a coordinate conjunction. One in which adjectives are joined. One in which adverbs are joined. Co-ordinate conjunctions are also used to join— Phrases; as, "His goodness is seen in the heavens above and in the earth beneath." (193, 3.) Sentences; as, " Slight small injuries, and they will become none at all."-Fuller. (214, 3.) Clauses; as, "John the Good was succeeded by his son Charles the Wise, who was of a peaceful disposition, and whose measures did much to restore prosperity in France." (207, 5.) Conjunctions Introducing Sentences. EXERCISE. 188. Analyze the following sentences : 1. But he came not. ORAL ANALYSIS. This is a simple, declarative sentence. But is a co-ordinate conjunction; it is used simply to introduce the sentence. He is the subject, etc. 2. 3. He left. And Maud forgot her brier-torn gown, 1. No. 3 contains two sentences not connected. 8 Icame P not adv RESPONSIVES AND INTERJECTIONS. EXERCISE. 189. Analyze the following sentences containing respon sives and interjections: ORAL ANALYSIS.-Yes is a responsive. 3. Are our minds limited? Yes. 4. Can matter be destroyed? No. 5. Oh, name him not! 6. Alas, Cæsar must bleed ! too adv alas in CHIEF USES OF PHRASES. PREPOSITIONS. Remark. In the sentence "Education is the evolution of power," the preposition of introduces the phrase of power, and joins it to the noun evolution, which the phrase modifies. And in "Toward the earth's center is called down," the preposition toward introduces the phrase toward center. It may be seen that— 190. Phrases are introduced by prepositions. PHRASES. Phrases Used as Adjectives. EXERCISES. 191. Analyze the following sentences: 1. The layers of most stratified rocks were originally horizontal. 2 2. The great hope of society is individual character.-Channing. 3. A bird in the hand is worth' two in the bush. 4. The Cañon of the Colorado is a gorge two hundred miles long.' 5. Igneous rocks cover thousands of square miles of the western slope of the Rocky Mountains. 1. S. p. a. 2. A. o. of long. 3. It modifies gorge. 192. Copy three sentences containing phrases used as adjectives. Phrases Used as Adverbs. EXERCISES. 193. Analyze the following sentences: 1. Perfection is attained by slow degrees. 2. By his victory at Rossbach, OUTLINE. SD by P degrees whole of Saxony. adv slow adj 9. Learn 7. Leaves expose the sap of plants to air and light. 8. Even from out' thy slime the monsters of the deep are made. to write business papers before attempting to transact business. 10. These delicates he heaped with glowing hand Of wreathed silver.-Keats. 1. Frederick the Great is the subject. 2. From out is a preposition. 194. Copy three sentences containing phrases used as ad SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIVES. Remark. In the sentence "I know that exercise is beneficial," the subordinate conjunction that introduces the clause that exercise is beneficial, and joins it to the verb know, which the clause modifies. Other parts of speech may be used for the same purpose. Thus, in the sentence "I know whom you saw," the clause whom you saw modifies the verb know, to which it is joined by the pronoun whom. In the sentence "I can not see what flowers are at my feet," the clause what |