the Civil war. I had

however knew him well

by reputation for many Jears, and solaced a high estimate upon his character

country, only served to

increase my admiration for

the man. As I undustan ?

without being large

means,

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largely from what he

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good of the grotest Mumber

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deserving Juny

find the

man

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and in mort

the world, an

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am corretty

informed he has hem Ampensated for his generosity by suing these who had then favers

confined,

do haver to this

benefactor.

همه

In all his public

utterances M. Stephens

impressed me as

a man

ofraid

day of

his droth I

retained the high estimate of his life and character

formed before I Kom

THE CAMPAIGN OF 1861-1862 IN KENTUCKY

UNFOLDED THROUGH THE CORRESPONDENCE OF ITS LEADERS

FIRST PAPER

Coming as it did after McDowell's failure before Washington, the campaign of 1861-1862 in Kentucky was so successful in its immediate results, and in its general bearing upon every future campaign in the West during the war, that it will repay close study and critical analysis. Its direct results were the capture of Forts Henry and Donelson, with their garrisons, the evacuation of Bowling Green and Columbus, and the occupation of Nashville. The publication by the Government of the reports and official and semi-official correspondence on both sides in this contest furnishes an insight into the ability, motives, and movements of the leaders which leaves nothing further in, the way of information to be desired. As a matter of fact, the best possible history of this eventful campaign can be derived from the proper grouping of portions of these official records.

The month of November, 1861, found General McClellan in command of the armies of the United States, and Generals Halleck and Buell, respectively at St. Louis in Missouri and Louisville in Kentucky, commanding geographical departments and the military operations therein. Halleck's command covered that portion of Kentucky west of the Cumberland River, and to Buell was assigned the military command of the remainder of that State. On September 3, Columbus in Kentucky had been occupied by the Confederates under General Polk, followed, September 6, by the occupation of Paducah, at the mouth of the Tennessee River, by a force under General Grant. General Buckner (Confederate) took possession, September 17, of Bowling Green, on Barren River, which was also on the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. Cumberland Ford in eastern Kentucky had been occupied by General Zollicoffer, September 12, and thus Kentucky had lost the hope of maintaining her neutrality during the conflict, and bade fair to become the theater of war in the West, as Virginia was in the East. Cumberland Ford had been occupied ostensibly as a protection to the Kentucky gate into east Tennessee, but could be used as a point of departure for an invading force. Bowling Green and Columbus might be considered as advanced outposts for the defense of western Tennessee, but were also capable of being used as bases for an offensive campaign into the free States. No movement had been made from any of these points between the date of their occupation and the entrance of Halleck and Buell upon the scene in November, except by scouting and