shore, that they will one day be forced to relinquish their European possessions, and return into Asia, from whence they came. They therefore enjoin upon their surviving friends that their remains shall be laid here, where they may rest with a better hope of being undisturbed, in any event that may betide in after times.

The dark procession may be seen through every hour of the day, moving with muffled oars across the water, and slowly winding its way up a narrow path, termed the ladder of the dead, and moving on to some new grave in the distant verge of the grove, where the relic is to rest, a new cypress to be planted, and coronals of flowers cast on the fresh sod, and hung around the turbaned stone. Thus one accession of graves and sable shade has succeeded another, till this domain of death has become more populous than the vast city itself, teeming with its countless multitudes.

Here lay side by side, in one promiscuous sleep, the monarch of unrivalled power and splendor, and the humblest menial that trembled in his train; the man whose genius towered to heaven, and he whose thoughts scarcely survived their birth; the aged bowed under the weight of years, and the infant just expanding into life; the statesman smitten from his lofty, perilous post, and the assassin who dealt the unsuspected blow; the warrior whose trampling steed shook thunder from his mane, and the new

recruit who recoiled from the gleam of his own weapons; the Dives of purple and gold, and the Lazarus who lay at his gate; the libertine of lust . and promise, and the erring one whom he left believing and betrayed; greatness and littleness, splendor and poverty, purity and pollution, are thus mingled and massed together in a wide undiscriminating grave. Nor does the sad spectacle stop here; it points, with melancholy presage, to the clustered dwellings which swell from the opposite hills. The voice of health, and the songs of merriment, may now echo through the halls of that sumptuous city, and mingle their notes of gladness with the hymn of the wave, as it greets the enchanted shore, but the day is not distant when they, from whose hearts these joyous accents break, will be brought hither, pale and speechless, wrapped in the winding-sheet and shroud, to swell this crowded sail, and widen the forest that darkens the dreary domain. So that not only they who now rejoice in the light of the sun, but generations yet unborn, may continue to be sepulchred here, till the Judgment trump unexpectedly shall summon the quick and the dead. It will not be the contending Prophet of Mecca, whose insignia will then be revealed in the changing heaven, but HE whose mission was one of kindness and love, and who mingled his tears with his blood! Alas for him who meets this Saviour as an injured friend, and a forgotten God!

CHAPTER VII.

Navy yard and national Ships-Memory of William Eckford-Introduction to the Capudan Pasha-Powers of his Office-Valley of Sweet Waters-Repose of the Scenery-Party of Ladies Conflagration of a Village-A Greek Girl and her blind FatherMoral effects of the Plague-Fires in the Turkish Capital.

ONE of the cool and refreshing retreats which invitingly spread away from the Ottoman capital, is the valley of Sweet Waters. The most advantageous approach to this quiet and beautiful spot, is by water; we chartered for the purpose a cuique with four strong oarsmen. Turning into the Golden Horn, and passing Galata, which still betrays the massive architecture of the Genoese, we soon came to Ters Hane, from the deep and capacious docks of which the naval armaments of the Porte go forth to range the Black Sea, and intimidate the Ægean Isles. It is singular that this people, with advantages for the construction of a navy unequalled in the world, and with every motive which their love of conquest and plunder could suggest, should have neglected through centuries of disputed power this most essential auxiliary. And even now their Navy. is little more than a floating mass of unwieldy, unorganized strength, drifting into gulfs to be stranded upon shallows, or blundering upon rocks to strew the wider wave, or tumbling into conflicts to be

captured, sunk, or blown in burning fragments against the sky.

Passing under the stern of one of the huge ships which survived the battle of Navarino, we landed and were introduced to the Capudan Pasha, by our worthy countryman Mr. Eckford, who has since passed from his wide sphere of enterprise and usefulness; but whose virtues will long be held in cherished remembrance. The cloud that once obscured his fame has long since departed without leaving a shadow to point to its transient vail. Suspicion has blushed at the error it committed, and accusation taken the tone of eulogy. With a mind of the widest compass, a genius of great boldness and originality, and a spirit elevated and expansive, he broke upon the eye of the Turkish nation like a resplendant star. They watched his course with an interest they rarely pay to intellect; and mourned with an untutored grief when death veiled from their sight this object of their wonder and admiration. Alas! he will appear no more! but the triumphs of his skill will still float the ocean; and the welcome breeze will long whisper upon the ear of the mariner the music of his

name.

But I must resume the story of our introduction to the Pasha. He appeared to be not far from sixty years of age, of a noble muscular formation, with a long beard and thick locks, both white as the driven snow, and a hardy countenance, lit by an eye that

still flashed with all the fire of his younger years. We found him seated upon an ottoman, in one of the large saloons of his princely palace, and smoking as composedly as if all the anxieties of his perilous office had passed away with the vanishing vapors of his chibouque. He received us with an air of gratifying cordiality, ordered us pipes, and commenced a rambling conversation, which touched upon all things without penetrating any. Having discoursed of winds, woods, and waterfalls; tides, tempests, and the moon; in short, of every thing save woman, with whom the Turk has nothing to do beyond the precincts of his harem, we sipped another cup of hot coffee, and rose to depart; the Pasha assuring us as a farewell compliment, that the Americans were the greatest people on the globe, and we assuring him, in return, of the unparalleled magnificence of the Mussulman.

Thus we filed off through a long train of attendants from the presence of one, who, in a period of national hostilities, has only to wave his hand from the balcony of his high window, and the heads of a thousand captives will roll in the sand; who maintains, in peace and war, the splendor of a prince; who speaks with the voice of authority in the decisions of the Divan; who wields the total force of the Turkish navy, and enforces his will as a supreme law over all the islands and maritime ports of the Ottoman dominions: yet who, amidst this frightful accu