By the eleventh article, citizens of the United States may carry European goods to the colonies of enemies of Great Britain, (from the ports of the United States,) provided that both vessel and cargo be bona fide American property; that the goods shall have been unladen within the United States; and that (in addition to that part of the duty already reserved from the drawback on exportation) the further sum of one per cent. ad valorem on such goods shall be paid. They may also export from the United States to Europe, the produce of colonies of the enemies of Great Britain, provided they, being neutral property, shall have been unladen as before, and that two per cent. ad valorem be paid on exportation, in addition to what is reserved on the drawback. After the expiration of the treaty, all antecedent rights on these subjects are to revive.

The twelfth article extends to ships of Great Britain, and all nations who shall adopt the same regulation, the protection of our neutrality from a marine league to five miles from our shore.

The twenty-second is a new article respecting shipwrecks, and promising humane

treatment.

The twenty-third secures to each the rights of the most favoured nation, and declares, that all treaties hereafter made by either with any nation, shall, ipso facto, be extended in all their favourable operations to the other.

The twenty-fourth engages to join in abolishing the slave trade.

The twenty-sixth limits the duration to ten years from the exchange of ratifications

SOUTH AMERICA.

Letter from a Merchant in Buenos Ayres, containing a true Account of the Proceedings of the Forces of his Catholic Majesty, under the command of Don St. Jago Liniers and Bremont, Viceroy, Governor, and Captain-General of the Provinces of the River La Plata, and those of the Forces of his Britannic Majesty, under the command of Lieut. General John Whitelocke, from the period of their disembark ation to attack the said Capital, until their surrender on the 7th of July, 1807. "Buenos Ayres, July 16, 1807.-My esteemed friend-The effects of the obstinate warfare which has taken place in these parts, heretofore the land of tranquillity and repose, have, for a long period, occasioned a total suspension of our correspondence; but the glory which this city has acquired in having, by its heroic defence, humbled the pride of the English, and compelled them to accept a treaty as disgraceful to them as it is honourable to us, affords us the satisfaction of being able to carry on our communications from this unfortunate city with fewer impediments than formerly; Lshall therefore resume my correspondence with giving you a brief, but true account of the events which have occurred in this quarter.

"The unfortunate attacks upon Colonia and Arroye de San Pedro, joined to intelligence which reached us, that a numerous convoy belonging to the enemy liad arrived in the river, led us to conclude that they would lose no time in carrying into execution the attack with which we had been threatened. Under this impression, reinforcements were sent to the posts of Kilmes and Olivos, these being the points most convenient for disembarking. Advice was soon after received of a number of vessels being seen from Point de Pedras, whose proceedings were suspicious; and their numbers continuing to increase, we were convinced that their operations were directed against this capital. Accordingly, on the morning of the 27th June, we beheld, in front of the place, about ninety, or more, vessels, sufficient to strike terror into the inhabitants of a town not accustomed to a spectacle so terrific ; but, so far from producing this effect, nothing was to be heard but concerts of music in all quarters, in which diversion they passed the night, full of spirits, and calmly expecting an opportunity of coming to action. But the enemy, without doubt, dreading the effect of the fire of our batteries, took the desperate measure of disembarking at Arroyo del Piloto, near Ensenedad de Barragan, where, in fact, on the following day, they made good their landing, without any opposition, to the number of 9700 troops of the line; and, dividing their force into several columns, they directed their march toward Barraces, surmounting, with inexpressible labour and constancy, the difficul ties of that marshy tract of ground. (To be continued.)

Printed and published by G. SIDNEY, No. 1, Northumberland-Street, Strand; Sold by H. T. HODGSON, Wimpole-street; J. BELL, Sweeting's-alley, Cornhill; and by all the News-venders in Town and Country.

Vol. 111. No. 21. Saturday, November 21, 1807.

385

CRY FOR PEACE.-(Continued from p. 358).

Price 10d.

Before we enter upon a consideration of the ruinous consequences that would flow from the cessation of hostilities, at this time, it is an act of justice due to the more reflecting and steady inhabitants of the West Riding of Yorkshire, to exonerate them from any participation in those cowardly meetings, and resolutions in behalf of a peace, which were the subjects of our reprobation in the 19th number of this Review. In that number an extract was made from a paper entitled the Leeds Mercury, which, from its avowed tenets, may be looked upon as a weekly compilation of all the political poison that mischief can collect, and credulity imbibe, throughout the manufactang part of that populous district. Fortunately, neither the town of Leeds, nor the district itself, are unprovided with an antidote; and as we have exhibited the poisonous drug of empiricism, it will not be amiss to apply the mithridate contained in another paper of very extensive circulation, entitled the Leeds Intelligencer. According to the following extracts, it is established, that "the numerous and respectable meetings, and " the vast majorities," represented in the Leeds Mercury to have been assembled, in order to "call for peace, with a voice that must, at a very early period, be heard in every part of the country," were mere hyperbolical figures of speech, or, in plain English, rank lies. The Leeds Intelligencer of the 9th instant, states, that " All the meetings that have been held in the manufacturing villages for the purpose of petitions for peace, have been characterised with the epithets of "numerous

For a

be made at Hunslet, Satisfactory elucidation of this character, enquiry need only

the numerous and respectable meeting was attended by the immense number of twelve persons, raked from the streets and highways by the importunities of the common bell-man!--The same expedient was resorted to at Holbec, and, with difficulty, thirty persons, principally from other towns, were collected together; many them day-labourers, and the chairman having as much experience in the character of a master manufacturer, as a few months, since his liberation from an apprenticeship, could give him; and even he was fetched from another town!"

"To what vast importance in the state Mr. Mercury (meaning the Leeds paper of that name) is suddenly arisen! By three or four village meetings, held at his bidding, and called together by the bellmen, managed, and chiefly attended, by the old seditious disturbers of the county, the well-known jacobins, the levellers, the friends of revolutionary France, and admirers of Buonaparte, he has already filled, he says, the ministers with dire alarms!

66

Having carried, as doubtless he fancies, the election for the county, he is now in hot pursuit of far nobler game; no less, gentle reader, than the dismissal, by his sole power, of the present, and the appointment of a new ministry! The king, lords, and commons, in the estimation of, and before the wonder-working powers of Mr. Mercury, stand for little! Despising even the opinion, and in open rebellion to the advice of his own favourite Child of Promise, that sage, experienced statesman, my young lord of Yorkshire, who "walks the ball room as a senator profound, and the Huddersfield hall replete with intelligence," he urges fearlessly his way, and knows nothing but he is about, not only to change the ministry, but to tumble the glorious fabric of the English constitution in the dust, and like his famous predecessor of November notoriety, with his newly-invented powder of public clamour, to blow up at once the king, the ministry, and his parliament!

"Such, indeed, courteous reader, or little short, are the mighty projects engendered by the Yorkshire Election on vanity, and now brooding in the ambitious, inflated, distempered brain of the modern Guy Faux, who already bids us, with dark and portentous accent," to mark the event!"

"An honourable peace, the desire of the present ministry, and of every real lover of his country, is none of his object. Peace would spoil his theatre of operation, and interrupt his schemes. It is merely the magic power of the word, like that of coalition

VOL. II.NO. 21.

in the late county contest; the sound, the cry of peace which he wants for a principal ingredient in his fulminating, revolutionizing powder? The calamities of war furnish him another of no sinali importance; he would not, therefore, willingly sce them diminished. Hence his continual delight in them, his never ceasing review, his great exaggerations, and loud proclamations of them to the world, and to the enemy; with a view, no doubt, to his co-operation, to encourage him to hold on, and, it possible, to increase them, or at any rate prolong their continuance. Mr. Mercury knows full well that the clamour he recommends for peace will throw it inevitably to a distance, perplex and embarrass the government, and greatly increase the difficulties of its attainment.-Excellent patriot!"

From this account it is clear, that the giants were raised by the Mercury, but that the Intelligencer, with the wand of Prospero, has not only made them vanish inte empty air, but has vindicated the character of the respectable and great majority of the West Riding community, from the imputation of incivism, which its contemporary was extremely anxious, by its industrious falsehoods, that they should be reproached with by the rest of their countrymen. Nevertheless, it is but too true, that a plan was hatched for the purpose of exciting a popular clamour against the continuance of the war, and although lord Milton, in the course of his visitationrambles among the manufacturers of the different towns, has affected to disown the beastly cry, yet his sincerity seems to be doubted by their shrewd inhabitants; and I am the more disposed to incline to their sceptical mode of thinking, from the sympathetic echo with which the Morning Chronicle reverberated the article in the Leeds Mercury, For it was not satisfied with the insertion of that article, but in another column, it sagaciously asked "what we are fighting for? That the question of peace was provoked more with a view to harass, and render unpopular, the present administration, than from any real solicitude concerning the return of "its long-lost blessings," is a matter that can no longer admit of dispute; since we are in full possèssion of direct and collateral evidence to prove the fact. For, independently of the statements cited above, and the general indignation entertained, and publicly expressed, by a decided majority of the respectable manufacturers of Yorkshire, at the dirty and contemptible intrigues of these pretended numerous meetings, who so loudly vociferate for peace, they have already presented an effectual counterpoise to the clandestine projects of the malevolent and the disaffected. Every loyal Yorkshireman is sensible of the metives which actuate these declaimers for peace, and a writer in the Leeds Intelligencer, has successfully shewn, in a spirited address to the clothiers, particularly the trustees of the cloth-halls, that the cloven-foot of party is visible at all these meetings, and that they are, in fact, anti-ministerial assemblages, under the pretext of petitioners for peace. "The Talents," says he, "when in power, attempted to make a peace with the tyrant. But the terms which he insisted on from them were such as not even they would dare to accept of, in behalf of their sovereign and the British public. Accordingly, they professed, in words the most unequivocal and express, their inability to make a peace with him even then. But since then, the obstacles to a peace with him have unhappily multiplied.-I shall not, perhaps, exaggerate much if I should say a thousand fold. Can Mr. Mercury,* think you, expect that the very same men who professed their inability to make a beneficial peace with him then, are able to make such a peace with him n w? I will not do you the injury to suppose that you attribute to him any such an expectation. It appears then that he does not expect that the Talents, though again in place, would now be able to make a beneficial peace with the tyrant. As he probably does not expect, so assuredly neither does he wish, that the present ministers should now be able to make a beneficial peace with him; because such a peace with him, if they could make it, would be to them the surest pledge of continuance in power; from which it is the avowed aim of Mr. Mercury, by means of the clamour which he endeavours to raise for an immedi ate peace, to exclude them. But a beneficial peace with the tyrant, if made at all, must be made either by the Talents, or by the present ministers; there being no

*By Mr. Mercury the writer means the paper of that name printed at Leeds, and which is notorious for its fawning hypocrisy, and supple attachment to the opposition-party.

third party from whose efforts any thing of the kind can well be looked for, and he cannot expect that the former would, and cannot wish that the latter should, be able to make such a peace with him. Consequently, Mr. Mercury endeavours to raise a clamour for a peace, while yet he himself has neither the .expectation that a peace, not utterly ruinous to us, can, nor the wish that it should, be made with the tyrant. Such is the patriotism of the man !

"Now will you not, gentlemen, spurn with indignation the idea, that such a canting hypocrite, so shallow and paltry a scribbler as Mr. Mercury, a fellow too proved to be, in disguise, one of your bitterest enemies, should think himself equal to the task of prevailing with you, by his false representations of the subject of a peace, to become the deluded instruments of your own ruin, merely that he, treacherous creature, may thereby promote the aggrandisement of himself, and of his treacherous faction? I cannot help feeling confident that you will. To join, as he would instigate you to do, with his turbulent faction, in a clamour to government for a peace at this time with the tyrant, would be, so far as in you might lie, to become, for his benefit, the instruments of your own ruin. Should the clamour happen to prevail with government, and such a peace be patched up as I have above shewn to be the necessary consequence, at this crisis, then would both yourselves and the country be completely undone.

"Those who most cordially deprecate a peace at this time with the tyrant, both sympathise with you in your present difficulties, and are themselves, as well as you, severely sufferers by the calamities arising from the war. They deprecate a peace with him now, because they are fully convinced that such a peace would infalliably be productive of more certain, more speedy, more irretrievable ruin, and therefore would, eventually, be worse to this country, than is even a proctracted war. This to them is a certainty: Our only chance, our only hope of safety, I am sorry to say so, is now in war. And it is evident that we have now no choice between a protracted war and certain destruction.. To make a peace at this time with the tyrant, upon his own terms, and other we cannot now expect, would be but to expose ourselves by a dastardly submission, to all the tremendous consequences of an unsuccessful struggle, and of a total overthrow. Gentlemen, the time calls for resignation under the mighty hand of God, who, let us hope, will in his own good time send us relief and deliverance. Mean while I hope that you will continue steady in your loyalty, disregarding the suggestions of disaffected demagogues !"

When we read in a provincial paper such sound and wholesome sentiments as the above, we should be hasty indeed, if we were to reproach a whole population with the folly and malignant principles of a few reprobates. It is a great consolation to those who reside at a distance from Yorkshire to know, that the conduct of the agents of despondency is watched with vigilance, and chastised with due severity. Indeed, the resolutions of these petitioners for peace have excited so much disgust among the sober part of the West Riding community, that even lord Milton has felt himself under the necessity of deprecating them; and though no great confidence seems to be placed in his lordship's professions, yet the declarations which have been extorted from him, evince his consciousness of the force of public opinion, and his dread of setting himself in opposition to it. On Tuesday, the 3d ult. says the Leeds Intelligencer, "lord Milton arrived at Huddersfield, and we are told, delivered the following speech to the manufacturers and others there assembled.* On Saturday, his lordship visited Halifax, where, of course, he would repeat the same lesson; and the third edition, we hear, is to be delivered at our cloth halls, on Tuesday. These visits * I have only extracted that part of the oration which relates to our subject.

This prediction was fully verified; for on the day specified, earl Fitzwilliam and lord Milton, father and son, made their appearance at the mixed-cloth hall, where the latter, in the spirit of a true apprentice who had learnt his lesson, and promised great things from small beginnings,

Incœptis gravibus plerumque et magna professis,
Purpureus, late qui splendeat, unus et alter

Assuitur pannus ;

after having mounted a waggon, placed in the area, addressed the assembled