and stood to the south, where we anchored in three fathom water. On the 24th, we anchored between Ensinada de Barragon and the northern shore, the wind and weather having prevented our getting to the westward of the Oliez Bank before. The general and myself, finding time would be lost by going with this division to Colonia, sent for the troops to join at this anchorage; general Gower went for them, with orders from general Whitelocke to evacuate Colonia, if he thought it necessary; Colonia was accordingly evacuated. On the 27th, the troops from Colonia joined with the Fly, Pheasant, Haughty, and the gun-boats. I ordered the Paz up the river, with directions to the Staunch and Protector gun-brigs to join me. The transports having the troops and artillery on board, being in three divisions, I directed captain Thompson, in the Fly, who had made himself acquainted with the river, and particularly the place intended for landing, which was near Barragon, to lead the first division, having with him the Dolores schooner and four gun-boats; captain Palmer, in the Pheasant, to lead the second division, with the Haughty and two gun-boats; and captain Prevost, in the Saracen, to bring up the rear of the third division; captains Bayntun and Corbet to superintend the landing of the troops, At daylight on the 28th, the wind being favourable, I made the signal to the Fly to weigh with the first division, and immediately after a general signal to weigh, having ordered the Rolla to be placed on the west end of the bank, as a guide to the ships to join, I shifted my flag to the Flying Fish, and general Whitelocke went with me. As soon as the first division of transports anchored, I made the signal to get into the boats, and immediately afterwards to put off. Soon after nine A. M. the first boats, with brigadier-general Craufurd's division, landed about a mile to westward of the fort, from which the enemy had some time before withdrawn their guns. A creek being found soon after the first boats landed, the whole were got on shore without opposition, or any accident, except that several of the transports were aground, got off without damage. The conduct of the officers and men, on this occasion, induced me to give out the accompanying general order. Two hundred seamen, under the orders of captains Rowley and Joyce, were thought sufficient to land for the present; and I feel much indebted to those officers, who had made themselves acquainted with the river, and piloted the squadron and transports. Lieutenant Bartholomew, of the Diadem, who was strongly recommended by admiral 'Stirling, for his knowledge of the river, embarked with me; and I feel it my duty to state to their lordships, that he was of infinite service; as were lieutenant Talbot, of the Encounter, lieutenant Acott, of the Rolla, and lieutenant Herrick, of the Raisonable, who undertook the pilotage. On the evening of the 28th, the Paz and Staunch joined; the Staunch had taken a sloop, and destroyed two others of a convoy going to the south shore for troops. I have directed captain Thompson, in the Fly, towards Buenos Ayres, with the Staunch, Paz, and Dolores, to endeavour to keep up a communication with the army. I have the honour to be, &c. G. MURRAY.

but

(Signed)

Extract of a Letter from Rear-Admiral Myrray, dated Nereide,

off Buenos Ayres, July 8.

SIR,-By my letter of the 30th ult. their lordships will be informed, that the army under the command of lieutenant-general Whitelocke, was landed, without opposition or acident, on the 28th, near Barragon, about twenty miles to the eastward of Buenos Ayres. On the 30th, the Nereide, small craft, and transports, weighed, and anchored again to the westward of Quelmes; the next morning I went in shore in the Flying Fish, to endeavour to communicate with the army, having directed some transports, with provisions, to go close in, in case the army should want supplies. Captain Corbet, in his boat, discovered some of our troops, and sent lieutenant Blight, of the Nereide, où shore: he, with difficulty, got to them, been obliged to pass through a deep bog; on the 2d, lieutenant Blight returned, and informed me he had seen general Whitelocke the evening before, that the army had suffered most severely on their march, having very deep marshes to pass, and having been obliged to leave their provisions behind them, were much in want of bread and spirits, which were immediately landed from the Encounter and transports. As I understood that general Gower had advanced towards Buenos Ayres, I directed captain

f

Thompson, in the Fly, with the gun-brigs, to get as near in as he could: the same day, I received a letter from colonel Bourke, quarter-master general, to say he was directed by general Whitelocke to inform me, that he had marched on, and meant to go to the westward of Buenos Ayres, requesting I would send the ships having heavy artillery there, and likewise provisions. I immediately sent the gun-boats to join the Fly and gun-brigs, and directed captain Thompson to get as close in to the westward as he could. The transports with the guns, and those with provisions, as well as an hosp tal ship, I likewise sent there, and am happy to say they were all in shore on the 4th, ready to meet the army. On the 5th à firing was observed in the town; I desired captain Thompson to make use of the gun-brigs and boats, when he could, without annoying our own people, who appeared to be both to the eastward and westward of the town. A communication was opened with the army in the morning; they had stormed and taken possession of four guns, near the Citadel. Bread, spirits, and ammunition, were supplied from the ships. On the 6th I directed the Encounter to endeavour to communicate with the army on the east side of the town, and supply them with what they might require. An hospital ship was likewise sent that way. The Nereide was moored as high up as she could go, being in less than three fathoms, but still nine miles from the town. At one P. M. I received a letter from captain Thompson, saying our affairs at the west end of the town were in a most distressing state; brigadier-general Craufurd, and the whole of his brigade taken prisoners, and that a truce had been demanded and granted; at the same time requesting more transports might be moved up, in case it should be necessary to re-embark the troops. I immediately went up to the Staunch gun-brig, which was about a mile from the shore, and abreast of the post occupied by sir Samuel Auchmuty, and ordered the Medusa, Thisbe, and Saracen, which were left off Barragon, to come up as high as they could with safety. Captain Thompson, who was with the general, came off to me immediately, but was obliged to have a guard to protect him to the beach, although close to the gun-brig; but it was dark. At eight P. M. I received a note from general Whitelocke, informing me he had arrived there to see what more could be done by the gallantry and exertion of the army under his command, whose sufferings in every way had seldom, under any circumstances, been exceeded. Of one thing he was certain, that South America could never be English. The inveteracy of every class of the inhabitants was beyond belief. He wished to see me, as he had sent general Gower to general Linier's, in consequence of a letter he had received from the latter. I cannot help taking this opportunity of saying, how very active captain Thompson, of the Fly, has been, who placed the gun-boats, which were commanded by lieutenant Fraser, of the Medusa, and lieutenant Heron, of the Saracen. Early in the morning of the 7th, the Staunch telegraphed to say I was 'wanted on shore immediately; a flag of truce was still flying at our head-quarters. On my going on shore, the general shewed me the proposals made by the Spanish general Liniers, (a copy of which I inclose,) and observed, that he was of opinion, as well as were the other generals, that it could answer no good purpose to persist, and that one great object was attained, that of getting all the prisoners back that had been taken in South America this war; that the destroying the town could not benefit us; and that he saw no prospect whatever of establishing ourselves in this country, as there was not a friend to the English in it; that the number of our prisoners the enemy had, were in the power of an enraged mob; adhat persisting on our part would make their situation truly distressing; the number of our killed and wounded, although not exactly ascertained, was said to be very great. Under these circumstances, and being persuaded that the people of this country did not wish to be under the British government, I signed the preliminaries, trusting that what I have done will meet their lordship's approbation. I have directed captain Prevost, of the Saracen, to be ready to proceed to England as soon as general Whitelocke's dispatches are ready, and to receive sir Samuel Auchmuty for a passage with colonel Bourke, who carries the general's dispatches. I have not yet had any returns from captains Rowley or Joyce, who are still with the seamen that landed; but lieutenant Squarry, of the Polyphemus, who was with his men in the advanced brigade, I took off yesterday, wounded, but not badly; he informs me that only one of his men is missing. GEORGE MUrray.

Head-Quarters, Plaza de Toros, July 7.-SIR,-We have the honour to acquaint you, that actuated alone by the motives stated to you by major-general-Leveson Gower, we consent to the terms proposed. Officers shall be named to meet others appointed by you to make immediate arrangements for the reception of prisoners, the embarkation of the British army, and other subjects.

We have the honour to be, &c.
(Signed)
J. WHITLOCKE.
G. MURRAY.

His Excellency General Liniers.

PRELIMINARY PROPOSITIONS AGREED ON BETWEEN THE GENERAL OF THE ENGLISH ARMY AND THAT OF THE SPANISH ARMY, IN THE RIVER PLATA.

I. There shall be from this time a cessation of hostilities on both sides of the river Plata.

II. The troops of his Britannic majesty shall retain, for the period of two months from this date, the fortress of Monte Video; and as a neutral country, a line drawn from St. Carlos on the west, to Tando on the east; and there shall not be on any part of that line hostilities committed on either side; and in that space all English delinquents shall be judged by the English military law, and all Spanish delinquents by the Spanish law.

III. There shall be on both sides a mutual restitution of prisoners, including not only those which have been taken since the arrival of the troops under lieutenantgeneral Whitelocke, but also all those his Britannic majesty's subjects captured in South America since the war.

A

IV. There shall not be any impediments thrown in the way of the supplies of provisions which may be required for Monte Video.

V. A period of ten days shall be given for the re-embarkation of his Britannic majesty's troops to pass to the north-side of the river Plata, with all their arms, cannon, stores, and equipage, at the most convenient points which may be selected, and during that time provisions may be sold to them.

VI. During the period of four months, no impediments shall be thrown in the way of the commerce of the British merchants.

Answered. Inadmissible, because contrary to the Spanish laws.

I. Additional. When Monte Video is restored, it is to be uninjured, with the Spanish artillery originally belonging to it.

II. Additional. That there shall be mutually three officers of rank exchanged until the fulfilment of this treaty, it being understood that those British officers who have been in this country on their parole, are not again to serve in South America until they have been landed in Europe.

Nereide, off Barragon, June 29, 1807.

GENERAL ORDER.-The commander in chief is happy, in the opportunity afforded him, of expressing his thanks to the officers and seamen under his command, as well as to the masters and seamen of the transports, for their great exertions in landing the army under the commaid of his excellency lieutenant-general Whitelocke, on the shore of Barragon yeste day. He highly approves of the very judicious manner in which captains Prevost, Tompson, and Paliner placed their respective ships, as well as the gun-brigs and cher armed vessels under their orders, for covering the landing. Much praise is dueto the lieutenants and commanders of those vessels for getting so near the shore. He feels himself particularly obliged to captains Bayntun and Corbet, who had orderso superintend the landing, for their zeal and activity in getting the troops on shore and for the regularity with which it was conducted. He is likewise thankful to captain Irwin, agent of transports, and the lieutenants under his direction, for the sistance they afforded on this occasion. And although no opposition was made to te landing, he is convinced that it would have been conducted in the same regular muner, had the enemy been there to oppose them. The commander in chief has likeise great pleasure in assuring the officers and seamen, that his excellency lieutenangeneral Whitelocke expressed to him in the highest terms, his satisfaction on this ccasion.

Nereide, off Buenos Ayres, July 10.-SIR,-Since my letter of the 8th inst. I have seen captains Rowley and Joyce, who were landed with the seamen, and am happy to find two only are missing. I mentioned lieutenant Squarry, of the Polyphemus, being wounded. The persevering conduct of captains Rowley and Joyce, and the officers and seamen under their command, merits the highest encomiums. They had to drag the cannon for miles through the swamps, and the men were almost always harnessed to them. The general has, no doubt, expressed in his dispatches his thanks to them. Captain Prevost, who will have the honour of carrying the dispatches, will give their lordships any further information: (I left the Saracen with some gun-boats at Barragon after landing, lest it might have been necessary, from bad roads, for the army to fall back;) I beg leave to recommend him to their lordships' protection, as an active and very zealous officer.

I have the honour to be, &c.

GEORGE MURRAY.

WAR WITH DENMARK.-DECLARATION PUBLISHED BY THE COURT OF

DENMARK AGAINST ENGLAND.

All Europe is acquainted with the system which Denmark has followed, during a period of fifteen years of war and disturbance, with unceasing perseverence. The rigid observance of a free and impartial neutrality, and the conscientious fulfilment of all the duties belonging thereunto, have formed the object of all its wishes and all its efforts. The Danish government, in its relations and connections with other states, has never lost sight of that simplicity, which was inseparable from the purity of its sentiments, and its love of peace, and which it cannot be suspected of having once changed or debilitated. Hitherto Providence has blessed our undertakings. Without injustice, without any ground of reproach from any of the other powers, we succeeded in keeping up a good understanding with the whole of them. This state of peace and tranquillity is suddenly annihilated. The English government, after having long neglected its own interests by a shameful inactivity, and after having betrayed its allies into a vexatious and uncertain struggle, has suddenly developed all its power and activity, to attack a neutral and peaceable state, without any complaint against the same. The means for dissolving the ancient and sacred connections which united Denmark to Great Britain, have been prepared with as much secrecy as promptitude. The Danish government saw the English ships of war upon their coast without even the conjecture that they were to be employed against Denmark. The island of Zealand was surrounded, the capital threatened, and the Danish territories violated and injured, before the court of London had made use of a single word to express the hostility of its feelings. This hostility, however, soon became evident:-Europe will with difficulty believe what it will hear.-The basest, the most violent and cruel object which could ever have been taken up, has no other foundation than some pretended information, or rather that of a mere rumour of an attempt, which, according to the English ministry, was to have taken place, in order to draw Denmark into an hostile alliance against Great Britain.-Upon these pretended grounds, which the least degree of discussion immediately would have shewn as being founded upon arbitrary measures alone, the Englsh government declared to the court of Denmark, in the most imperious manner, tht in order to secure its own interests, and to provide for its own safety, it could leave Denmark no other choice than a war, or a close alliance with Great Britain. And what kind of alliance did they offer?-An alliance, the first guarantee of which, as pledge of the subjection of Denmark, was to have delivered up all her ships of wr to the British government. There could be no hesitation as to the alternate that was to be adopted. This opening being made, as scandalous in its offers as ints menaces,-as offensive in the manner as in the thing itself-left no room for negoation. The most justifiable and rooted disdain naturally absorbed every other feelin. Placed between danger and dishonour, the Danish government had no choice. T war commenced: Denmark was by no means blind to the dangers, to the losses ith which she was threatened by this war. Attacked in the most unexpected a dishonourable manner, exposed in a separate province, and in a manner cut off fro all the means of defence, and forced into an unequal contest, she could not flatter Irself with escaping a very material injury. Unspotted honour, however, still remaid for her to defend, as well as that reputation which she had earned as the pricef her upright conduct.

Denmark, therefore, flatters herself that, on the part of the powers of Europe, she will not appeal in vain. Let impartial cabinets judge whether England was under the political necessity of sacrificing another state without hesitation, to her own safety; a state which had neither offended nor provoked her. Depending upon the justice of her cause, trusting in Providence, and in the love and loyalty of a people to a prince, whose mild scepire, under Providence, is swayed over an united, brave, and faithful people, the Danish government flatters itself that it will be able to acquit itself without weakness, of the hard and painful task which has been imposed upon it by necessity. The government of Denmark believes it has a right to reckon upon the interest and justice of the cabinets of Europe, and they particularly hope for the effects of the same on the parts of those illustrious sovereigns, whose objects and alliances have served the English for a pretext, and to give a colour to the most crying act of injustice, and whose object is to offer England the means of making a general atonement for an act of violence, which, even in England, every noble and generous mind will disown; which deforms the character of a virtuous sovereign, and will ever remain a scandal in the annals of Great Britain.

FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 12.

ADMIRALTY OFFICE, SEPT. 11, 1807.

The

Extract from the Journal of Admiral Gambier, Commander in Chief of his Majesty's ships and vessels in the Baltic, received at the Admiralty this morning. August 23.-The battery on the left wing of the army (which is calculated to defend its advance from the annoyance of gun-boats) being completed and mounted with thirteen twenty-four pounders, the construction of mortar batteries, under cover of the above, are in progress. The enemy, observing these movements, appeared yesterday to be collecting their praams and gun-boats, near the harbour's mouth, in preparation for a powerful attack on our works. Our advanced squadron, continuing in their position for defending the operations on shoe, were, about ten A. M. attacked by three praams, (carrying each twenty guns) and a considerable number of gunboats, (said to be more than thirty) in addition to the fire from the crown battery, floating batteries, and block-ships, which was continued for more than four hours. fire was returned with great spirit from the squadron, and some attempts were made to throw Mr. Congreve's rockets; but the distance was too great to produce much effect from them. About two P. M. the gun-brigs, which were farthest advanced, not being able to make any impression against so vast a force, were ordered to retire, and the firing ceased. I am happy to find the squadron received no material injury. We have, however, to regret the loss of lieutenant John Woodford, of the Cruizer, with three men killed in the several vessels, and thirteen wounded. On the part of the enemy, it is believed, that one gun-boat has been disabled or sunk, and one of the praams was observed to be towed out of the action disabled. The new battery at the mill opened, and, taking a part in the engagement, did considerable execution. The ships and vessels under-mentioned were engaged in this affair, and I have acquitted myself of a most pleasing duty, in conveying to the commanders, officers, and crews of the sloops, bombs, gun-brigs, and boats, the warm sense of praise and approbation with which their bravery and energy, during so long and so heavy a contest, have inspired me.

Names of the vessels forming the advanced squadron, with an account of the killed

and wounded.

Thunder bomb-Zebra ditto-Fury ditto-Etna ditto-Vesuvius ditto-Cruizer sloop-Kite ditto-Mutine ditto-Hebe armed ship-Fearless gun-brig—Indignant ditto-Urgent ditto-Pincher ditto-Tigress ditto-Desperate ditto-Safeguard dittowith three armed transports, and tenlaunches, filled as mortar-boats.

Fearless, 2 seamen, killed; lieutnant William, (slightly) 1 seaman, and 4 marines, wounded.--- Indignant, 1 seanan, killed ; 1 seaman, wounded.---Urgent, seaman, and 1 marine, wounded,--- Cruizer, lieutenant Woodford, killed,---Valiant's launch, 3 seamen, wounded.---Afrcaine's boat, 1 seaman, wounded.---Total, 4 killed, and 13 wounded.

August 24. Having occasion to confer with lieutenant-general lord Cathcart, commanding the army, respecting the co-operation of the fleet, I went on shore to