foreign affairs; and on that of his majesty the king of Prussia, M. A. marshal count de Kalkreuth, knight of the Prussian orders of the red and black eagle, and count Von Goltz, his privy councillor, envoy extraordinary, and minister plenipotentiary to his majesty the emperor of all the Russias, and knight of the Prussian order of the black eagle, who, after the exchange of their several full powers, have agreed on the following articles :—

Art. I. From the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, there shall be perfect peace and amity between his majesty the emperor of the French and king of Italy, and his majesty the king of Prussia.

Art. II. The part of the duchy of Magdeburg, which lies on the right bank of the Elbe; the mark of Prugnitz, the Ukermark, and the Neumark of Brandenburg, with exception of the circle of Kottbus, in Lower Lusatia; the duchy of Pomerania, Upper, Lower, and New Silesia, with the county of Glatz, the part of the district of Netz, which lies from the north of the road from Driesen to Schneidermuhl, and to the north of a line passing from Schneidermuhl, by Waldau, to the Vistula, and to the frontiers of the circle of Bromberg, Pomerelia, the island of Nogat, and the country on the right bank of the Vistula and the Nogat, to the west of Old Prussia, and the north of the circles of Culm and Ermeland; finally, the kingdom of Prussia, as it was on the 1st of January, 1772, shall be restored to his majesty the king of Prussia, with the fortresses of Spandau, Stettin, Custrin, Glogau, Breslaw, Schweidnit z, Neiss, Brieg, Cosel, and Glatz, and, in general, all the places, citadels, castles, and forts, of the above-mentioned, shall be restored in the state in which they at present are. The town and citadel of Graudenz, with the villages of Neudorf, Parschken, and Schwierkorzy, shall likewise be restored to his majesty the king of Prussia.

Art. III. His majesty the king of Prussia acknowledges his majesty the king of Naples, Joseph Napoleon, and his majesty the king of Holland, Louis Napoleon.

Art. IV. His majesty the king of Prussia, in like manner, acknowledges the confederation of the Rhine, and the present state of possession of the sovereigns of which it is composed, and the titles which have been bestowed on them, either by the act of confederation or by subsequent treaties. His said majesty likewise engages to acknowledge those sovereigns who, in future, shall become members of the said confederation, and the titles they may receive by their treaties of accession.

Art. V. The present treaty of peace and amity shall be in common for his majesty the king of Naples, Joseph Napoleon; for his majesty the king of Holland; and for the sovereigns of the confederation of the Rhine, the allies of his majesty the emperor Napoleon.

Art. VI. His majesty the king of Prussia, in like manner, acknowledges his imperial highness prince Jerome Napoleon, as king of Westphalia.

Art. VII. His majesty the king of Prussia cedes, in full right of property and sovereignty, to the kings, grand dukes, dukes and princes, who shall be pointed out by his majesty the emperor of the French and king of Italy, all the duchies, margra viates, principalities, counties, and lordships, and in general all the territories and domains, and all territorial property of every kind, which his said majesty the king of Prussia possessed, no matter under what title, between the Rhine and the Elbe, at the commencement of the present war.

Art. VIII. The kingdom of Westphalia shall be formed of provinces ceded by his majesty the king of Prussia, and by other states, which are now in the power of his majesty the emperor Napoleon.

Art. IX. The arrangements which his majesty the emperor Napoleon will make respecting the countries marked out in the two preceding articles, and the occupation of the said countries by the sovereigns for whose advantage these arrangements will be made, shall be acknowledged by his Prussian majesty, as if they had been settled by and formed a part of the present treaty.

Art. X. His majesty the king of Prussia renounces, for himself, his successors, and descendants, all rights, present and to come, to which he could have the least preten 1st. Over all the territories, without distinction, which are situated between the Elbe and the Rhine, and, in general, over all those which are not contained in

sions.

proper banks, and by none more so than by the bank of England, which has gained knowledge by experience; and yet lord Lauderdale, in a recent publication, has brought forward this mistake, committed by the, banks in 1697, as a proof that bank notes may be issued to depreciation, without in the least adverting, that the quotation which he gives from a Mr. Godfrey, one of the directors of the bank at that time, as an evidence of the fact, expressly states the cause which produced the over-issue, "for they have lent money on mortgages and real securities."-To be continued.

REDUCTION OF THE MILITIA.

Sir, I am ablunt man, and therefore the more to be excused for the sincerity of my sentiments. I do not approve of the measure for reducing the militia, and had I been a member of the House of Commons, I would have expressed myself in parliament to the following effect:-after having stated what I conceived to have been the policy, and still to be the military policy of this country, I would have concluded thus:"But, Sir, lest it should be said that I have condemned one plan without proposing another, I must beg leave to say, that there is a method by which you can reconcile all difficulties, and make the character of all your forces subservient to one general and useful system. In the first place, I would grant a bounty of two guineas per man to enlist again, and extend his services throughout the three kingdoms. This, I have no doubt, from my knowledge of the militia, would be gladly, and abundantly accepted. In the next place, I would ballot for the line. Sir, the advantages of this plan would be, that, in the first place, you would improve the importance and the discipline of the militia, and you would infuse fresh vigour into a system, which the right hon. gentleman (Mr. Yorke) contends is on the decline. In the second place, you would increase your positive strength, as you could not only have more confidence and greater numbers in Ireland, by the exchange of the militias, but you could disengage from Ireland, a considerable proportion of those well-disciplined regulars whom you now are obliged to retain in that country. In the third place, you would increase your commercial strength, as there would be no competition to act against the ballot for the line.--But, by the plan of the noble lord, you will relax the zeal of militia officers-you tell them that, in the course of a few years, you will again have recourse to this circuitous expedient-and you check, in the first instance, every motive to discipline the remainder, and the men of the new levies. You do not increase your positive strength, as you will still be obliged to retain, even from the very reduction of the Irish militia, a considerable body of regulars in Ireland, and you will eventually injure your general recruiting, by the baneful operation of the ballot contending against the bounty. Now, sir, in balloting for the line, you are guided by precedent and policy;--you have precedent in the Additional Force Act, when you did 'ballot for the line-you have policy for your object, since a direct augmentation must be preferable to a circuitous increase. By the union, therefore, of the extension of the service, and of the direct ballots, you not only act on a more economical plan, but you harmonize the several parts of your military system-and, by rendering each more useful, you improve their respective discipline, and your own general strength." I am, sir, your's, A. D. Y.

STATE PAPERS.

CONDITIONS OF PEACE BETWEEN HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF THE FRENCH AND KING OF ITALY, AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF PRUSSIA.

His majesty the emperor of the French and king of Italy, and protector of the confederation of the Rhine; and his majesty the king of Prussia, animated with the same desire of putting an end to the calamities of war, have, for that purpose, appointed plenipotentiaries, namely:-On the part of his majesty the emperor of France and king of Italy, and protector of the confederation of the Rhine, M. C. Maurice Talleyrand, prince of Benevento, his great chamberlain, and minister for

but there they would remain, the bank holding no convertible funds opposed to them, they could by no means be retired from circulation, and would therefore become really and truly forced paper money, and a depreciation would ensue upon them.

foreign affairs; and on that of his majesty the king of Prussia, M. A. marshal count de Kalkreuth, knight of the Prussian orders of the red and black eagle, and count Von Goltz, his privy councillor, envoy extraordinary, and minister plenipotentiary to his majesty the emperor of all the Russias, and knight of the Prussian order of the black eagle, who, after the exchange of their several full powers, have agreed on the following articles:

Art. I. From the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, there shall be perfect peace and amity between his majesty the emperor of the French and king of Italy, and his majesty the king of Prussia.

Art. II. The part of the duchy of Magdeburg, which lies on the right bank of the Elbe; the mark of Prugnitz, the Ukermark, and the Neumark of Brandenburg, with exception of the circle of Kottbus, in Lower Lusatia; the duchy of Pomerania, Upper, Lower, and New Silesia, with the county of Glatz, the part of the district of Netz, which lies from the north of the road from Driesen to Schneidermuhl, and to the north of a line passing from Schneidermuhl, by Waldau, to the Vistula, and to the frontiers of the circle of Bromberg, Pomerelia, the island of Nogat, and the Country on the right bank of the Vistula and the Nogat, to the west of Old Prussia, and the north of the circles of Culm and Ermeland; finally, the kingdom of Prussia, as it was on the 1st of January, 1772, shall be restored to his majesty the king of Prussia, with the fortresses of Spandau, Stettin, Custrin, Glogau, Breslaw, Schweidnitz, Neiss, Brieg, Cosel, and Glatz, and, in general, all the places, citadels, castles, and forts, of the above-mentioned, shall be restored in the state in which they at present are. The town and citadel of Graudenz, with the villages of Neudorf, Parschken, and Schwierkorzy, shall likewise be restored to his majesty the king of Prussia.

Art. III. His majesty the king of Prussia acknowledges his majesty the king of Naples, Joseph Napoleon, and his majesty the king of Holland, Louis Napoleon.

Art. IV. His majesty the king of Prussia, in like manner, acknowledges the confederation of the Rhine, and the present state of possession of the sovereigns of which it is composed, and the titles which have been bestowed on them, either by the act of confederation or by subsequent treaties. His said majesty likewise engages to acknowledge those sovereigns who, in future, shall become members of the said confederation, and the titles they may receive by their treaties of accession.

Art. V. The present treaty of peace and amity shall be in common for his majesty the king of Naples, Joseph Napoleon; for his majesty the king of Holland; and for the sovereigns of the confederation of the Rhine, the allies of his majesty the emperor Napoleon.

Art. VI. His majesty the king of Prussia, in like manner, acknowledges his imperial highness prince Jerome Napoleon, as king of Westphalia.

Art. VII. His majesty the king of Prussia cedes, in full right of property and Sovereignty, to the kings, grand dukes, dukes and princes, who shall be pointed out by his majesty the emperor of the French and king of Italy, all the duchies, margra viates, principalities, counties, and lordships, and in geueral all the territories and domains, and all territorial property of every kind, which his said majesty the king of Prussia possessed, no matter under what title, between the Rhine and the Elbe, at the commencement of the present war.

Art. VIII. The kingdom of Westphalia shall be formed of provinces ceded by his majesty the king of Prussia, and by other states, which are now in the power of his majesty the emperor Napoleon.

Art. IX. The arrangements which his majesty the emperor Napoleon will make respecting the countries marked out in the two preceding articles, and the occupation of the said countries by the sovereigns for whose advantage these arrangements will be made, shall be acknowledged by his Prussian majesty, as if they had been settled by and formed a part of the present treaty.

Art. X. His majesty the king of Prussia renounces, for himself, his successors, and descendants, all rights, present and to come, to which he could have the least preten sions. 1st. Over all the territories, without distinction, which are situated between the Elbe and the Rhine, and, in general, over all those which are not contained in

article VII. 2d, Over all the possessions of his majesty the king of Saxony, and of the house of Anhalt, which are situated on the right bank of the Elbe. On the other hand, all the rights and pretensions to the possessions of his Prussian majesty, situate between the Rhine and the Elbe, except such as are settled by this treaty, shall be for ever extinct.

Art. XI. All the negotiations and conventions, as well as treaties of alliance which would have been concluded, whether publicly or in secret, between the king of Prussia, and one of the powers situate on the left bank of the Elbe, and which the present war would not have broken, will remain without effect, and be considered as null and void.

Art. XII. His majesty the king of Prussia cedes, in full propriety and sovereignty, to his majesty the king of Saxony, the circle of Kottbus, in Lower Lusatia.

Art. XIII. His majesty the king of Prussia renounces for ever all the provinces formerly belonging to the king of Poland, which at different periods had fallen under the dominion of Prussia, subsequent to the 1st of January, 1772, with the exception of Ermeland, and the country to the west of Old Prussia, to the east of Pomerania, and the New Mark, to the north of the circle of Kulm, and of a line which passes from the Vistula, by Waldau to Schneidemuhl, and traced along the frontiers of the circle of Bromberg, and the road from Schneidemuhl to Drisen; which provinces, as well as the town and citadel of Graudenz, and the villages of Neudorf, Parschken, and Swie korzy, shall belong in future to his majesty the king of Prussia, in entire property and so ereignty.

Art. XIV. His majesty the king of Prussia renounces equally for ever the possession of the town of Dantzic.

Art. XV. The provinces which his majesty the king of Prussia renounces, by article XIII. shall belong, with the exception of the territory, stipulated in article XVIII. in entire property and sovereignty to his majesty the king of Saxony, under the title of the duchy of Warsaw, and shall be governed according to a constitution, which shall assure the liberty and the privileges of the people of the said duchy, and which will be compatible with the tranquillity of the neighbouring states.

Art. XVI. To establish a communication between the kingdom of Saxony and the duchy of Warsaw, the free use of a military road will be granted to his majesty the king of Saxony, through the states of his majesty the king of Prussia. This road, the number of troops which shall pass it at a time, and the different stages of their maich, shall be regulated by a particular convention between the two sovereigns, under the mediation of France.

Art. XVII. The navigation of the Netze and the canal of Bromberg, from Drisen to the Vistula, and vice versa, shall be free from custom-house duties.

Art. XVIII. To determine, and fix with all possible precision, the natural frontiers between Russia and the duchy of Warsaw; the territory between the actual frontiers of Russia, from the Bug to the mouth of the Lassosna, and a line traced from the said mouth, and along the valley of that river; the valley of the Bobra up to its mouth, the valley of the Narew from its mouth up to Suradz, the Lisa up to its source near the village of Mien, the arm of the Nurzeck, which takes its source near the village of Mien, the Nurzeck itself up to its mouth above Nurr; and lastly, the course of the valley of the Bug up to the present Russian frontiers; all these coun tries will be incorporated for ever with the Russian empire.

Art. XIX. The city of Dantzic, with a territory of two miles in circumference, to be restored to its former independence, under the protection of his majesty the king ❤f Prussia and his majesty the king of Saxony; and to be governed by the rules by which it was governed when it ceased to be independent.

Art. XX. Neither his majesty the king of Prussia, nor his majesty the king of Saxony, shall obstruct the navigation of the Vistula, by any prohibition, nor by any customs, duty, or imposts whatsoever.

Art. XXI. The city, port, and territory of Dantzic shall be shut up, during the present maritime war, against the trade and navigation of Great Britain.

Art. XXII. No individual, of any rank or description whatsoever, whose property and abode are situated in such provinces as formerly belonged to the kingdom of Poland, or which the king of Prussia is henceforth to possess; and no individual of

the duchy of Warsaw, or residing within the territory incorporated with Russia, or possessing any landed property, rents, annuities, or any income whatsoever, shall either with regard to his person, his estates, rents, annuities, and income, nor with respect to his rank and dignities, be prosecuted on account of any part which he may have taken, either in a political or military point of view in the present war.

Art. XXIII. In the same manner, no individual, residing or possessing landed property in the countries which belonged to the king of Prussia, prior to the 1st of Jan. 1772, (and which are restored to him by virtue of the preceding second article,) and in particular no individual of the Berlin civic guard, or of the gens-d'armes, who have taken up arms, in order to maintain public tranquillity, shall be prosecuted in his person, his estates, rents, annuities, or income whatsoever, or in his rank or dignity, nor in any manner whatsoever, on account of any part which he may have taken in the events of the present war, or be subjected to any enquiry.

Art. XXIV. The engagements, debts, or obligations, of any nature whatsoever, which his majesty the king of Prussia may have contracted, or concluded, prior to the present war, as possessor of the countries, dominions, domains, estates, and revenues which his majesty cedes or renounces in the present treaty, shall be performed and ratified by the new possessors without any exception or reservation whatsoever.

Art. XXV. The funds and capital which belong to private or public persons, to religious, civil, or military associations, in the countries belonging to the king of Prussia, which his majesty renounces by the present treaty, whether the said capitals 'be vested in the bank of Berlin, in the chest of the marine company, or in any other manner, shall neither be confiscated nor seized. The proprietors of the funds or capitals shall be at liberty to dispose of the same, and they are to continue to enjoy the interest thereof, whether such interest be already due, or may yet become due, at the periods stipulated in the conventions or bonds. The same shall be on the other side observed with regard to all funds and capitals which are vested by any individuals or institutions whatsoever, in such countries which are ceded or renounced by his Prussian majesty, by virtue of the present treaty.

Art. XXVI. The archives which contain the titles of property, and, in general, all the papers, which relate to the countries, territories, and domains ceded by his Prussian majesty, as well as the maps and plans of the strong places, citadels, castles, and forts, seated in the above-mentioned countries, are to be delivered up by commissioners of his said majesty within the period of three months, next ensuing the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, to the commissioners of his majesty the emperor Napoleon with regard to the countries on the left banks of the Elbe, and to the commissioners of the emperor of Russia, the king of Saxony, and of the city of Dantzic, with regard to all countries which their majesties and the city of Dantzic, are in future to possess by virtue of the present compact.

Art. XXVII. Until the day of the ratification of the future definitive treaty of peace between France and England, all the countries under the dominion of his majesty the king of Prussia, without any exception whatsoever, shall be shut against the trade and navigation of the English. No shipment to be made from any Prussian port for the British isles or British colonies, nor shall any ship from England, or her colonies, be admitted into any Prussian port.

Art. XXVIII. The necessary arrangements shall immediately be made to settle every point which relates to the manner and period of the surrender of the places which are to be restored to his majesty the king of Prussia, and to the civil and military administration of the said countries.

Art. XXIX. The prisoners of war taken on both sides are to be returned in a mass as soon as circumstances shall admit.

Art. XXX. The present treaty is to be ratified by his majesty the emperor of the French and the king of Prussia; and the ratification shall be exchanged at Konigsberg, by the undermentioned, within the term of six days next ensuing, or sooner, if possible.

Done at Tilsit, the 9th of July, 1807.

The ratifications of this

(L. S.) Signed C. M. TALLEYRAND, Prince of Benevento.
(L. S.) Signed COUNT KALKREUTH, Field Marshal.
(L. S.) Signed AUGUSTUS, Count GOLTZ."

treaty were exchanged at Konigsberg, the 12th July, 1807.