CHAPTER I........SECTION II..

SENATE.

ARTICLE I.

THERE shall be annually elected, by the freeholders and other inhabitants of this Commonwealth, qualified as in this Constitution is provided, forty persons, to be Counsellors and Senators, for the year ensuing their election; to be chosen by the inhabitants of the Districts, into which the Commonwealth may, from time to time, be divided by the General Court, for that purpose. And the General Court in assigning the numbers to be elected by the respective Districts, shall govern themselves by the proportion of the public taxes paid by the said Districts; and timely make known to the inhabitants of the Commonwealth, the limits of each District, and the number of Counsellors and Senators to be chosen therein : provided, that the number of such Districts shall never be less than thirteen; and that no District be so large as to entitle the same to choose more than six Senators. [And the several Counties in this Commonwealth, shall, until the General Court shall determine it necessary to alter the said Districts, be Districts for the choice of Counsellors and Senators, (except that the Counties of Dukes' County and Nantucket shall form one District for that purpose,) and shall elect the following number for Counsellors and Senators, viz:

Suffolk,
Essex,

Six,

Six,

II.

The Senate shall be the first branch of the Legislature; and the Senators shall be chosen in the following manner, viz. There shall be a meeting on the first Monday in April, annually, forever, of the inhabitants of each town in the several Counties of this Commonwealth; to be called by the Selectmen, and warned in due course of law, at least seven days before the first Monday in April, for the purpose of electing persons to be Senators and Counsellors. And at such meetings, every male inhabitant, of twenty one years of age and upwards, having a freehold estate, within the Commonwealth, of the annual income of three pounds, or any estate of the value of sixty pounds, shall have a right to give in his vote for the Senators, for the District, of which he is an inhabitant. And to remove all doubts, concerning the meaning of the word "inhabitant," in this Constitution, every person shall be considered as an inhabitant, for the purpose of electing and being elected into any office or place within this State, in that town, district or plantation, where he dwelleth or hath his home.

The Selectmen of the several towns shall preside at such meetings, impartially; and shall receive the votes of all the inhabitants of such towns, present and qualified to vote for Senators; and shall sort and count them in open town meeting, and in presence of the Town Clerk, who shall make a fair record in presence of the Selectmen, and in open town meeting, of the name of every person voted for, and of the number of votes against his name; and a fair copy of this record shall be attested by the Selectmen and the Town Clerk, and shall be sealed up, directed to the Secretary of the Commonwealth for the time being, with a superscription, expressing the purport of the contents thereof, and delivered by the Town Clerk of such town, to the Sheriff of the county, in which such town lies, thirty days at least, before the last Wednesday in May, annually; or it shall be delivered into the Secretary's office, seventeen days at least, before the said last Wednesday in May; and the Sheriff of each county shall deliver all such certificates, by him received, into the Secretary's office, seventeen days before the said last Wednesday in May.

And the inhabitants of plantations, unincorporated, qualified as this Constitution provides, who are or shall be empow

*Districts.

ered and required to assess taxes upon themselves, towards the support of government, shall have the same privilege of voting for Counsellors and Senators in the plantations where they reside, as town inhabitants have in their respective towns; and the plantation meetings, for that purpose, shall be held annually, on the same first Monday in April, at such place in the plantations, respectively, as the Assessors thereof shall direct; which Assessors shall have like authority for, notifying the electors, collecting and returning the votes, as the Selectmen and Town Clerks have in their several towns, by this Constitution. And all other persons, living in places unincorporated, qualified as aforesaid, who shall be assessed to the support of government, by the Assessors of an adjacent town, shall have the privilege of giving in their votes for Counsellors and Senators, in the town where they shall be assessed, and be notified of the place of meeting, by the Selectmen of the town where they shall be assessed, for that purpose accordingly.

III.

And that there may be a due convention of Senators on the last Wednesday in May, annually, the Governor, with five of the Council, for the time being, shall, as soon as may be, examine the returned copies of such records; and fourteen days before the said day, he shall issue his summons to such persons as shall appear to be chosen by a majority of voters, to attend on that day, and take their seats accordingly ;-provided, nevertheless, that for the first year, the said returned copies shall be examined by the President and five of the Council of the former Constitution of Government; and the said President shall, in like manner, issue his summons to the persons so elected, that they may take their seats as afore

said.

IV.

The Senate shall be the final judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of their own members, as pointed out in the Constitution; and shall, on the said last Wednesday in May, annually, determine and declare, who are elected by each District, to be Senators, by a majority of votes: and in case there shall not appear to be the full number of Senators returned, elected by a majority of votes for any District, the deficiency shall be supplied in the following manner, viz.: The members of the House of Representatives, and such Senators as

2*

shall be declared elected, shall take the names of such persons as shall be found to have the highest number of votes in such District, and not elected, amounting to twice the number of Senators wanting, if there be so many voted for; and out of these, shall elect, by ballot, a number of Senators, sufficient to fill up the vacancies in such District; and in this manner, all such vacancies shall be filled up in every District of the Commonwealth and in like manner, all vacancies in the Senate, arising by death, removal out of the State, or otherwise, shall be supplied as soon as may be, after such vacancies shall happen.

V.

Provided, nevertheless, that no person shall be capable of being elected as a Senator, who is not seized in his own right, of a freehold within this Commonwealth, of the value of three hundred pounds at least, or possessed of personal estate to the value of six hundred pounds at least, or of both to the amount of the same sum; and who has not been an inhabitant of this Commonwealth for the space of five years immediately preceding his election; and at the time of his election he shall be an inhabitant in the District for which he shall be chosen.

VI.

The Senate shall have power to adjourn themselves; provided such adjournments do not exceed two days at a time.

VII.

The Senate shall choose its own President, appoint its own officers, and determine its own rules of proceedings.

But

The Senate shall be a court, with full authority to hear and determine all impeachments, made by the House of Representatives, against any officer or officers of the Commonwealth, for misconduct and mal-administration in their offices. previous to the trial of every impeachment, the members of the Senate shall respectively be sworn, truly and impartially to try and determine the charge in question, according to evidence. Their judgment, however, shall not extend further, than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold or enjoy any place of honour, trust or profit, under this Commonwealth: but the party so convicted, shall be, neverthless, liable to in

dictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to the laws of the land.

IX.

Not less than sixteen members of the Senate shall constitute a quorum for doing business.

CHAPTER I......SECTION III.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

ARTICLE I.

THERE shall be in the Legislature of this Commonwealth, a representation of the people, annually elected, and founded upon the principle of equality.

II.

And in order to provide for a representation of the citizens of this Commonwealth, founded upon the principle of equality, every corporate town, containing one hundred and fifty rateable polls, may elect one Representative; every corporate town, containing three hundred and seventy five rateable polls, may elect two Representatives; every corporate town containing six hundred rateable polls, may elect three Representatives; and proceeding in that manner, making two hundred and twenty five rateable polls the mean increasing number, for every additional Representative.

Provided, nevertheless, that each town now incorporated, not having one hundred and fifty rateable polls, may elect one Representative. But no place shall hereafter be incorporated, with the privilege of electing a Representative, unless there are within the same, one hundred and fifty rateable polls. And the House of Representatives shall have power, from time to time, to impose fines upon such towns, as shall neglect to choose and return members to the same, agreeably to this Constitution. The expenses of travelling to the General Assembly, and returning home, once in every session, and no more, shall be paid by the government, out of the public