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ascribed the success of the loans negociated in Holland and France, which greatly contributed to bringing the war to a happy conclusion.

The repeated ill success of their arms, and more particularly the capture of Cornwallis and his army, at length convinced the British nations of the impossibility of reducing the Americans to subjection. The trading interest particularly became very clamorous for peace. The ministry were unable longer to oppose their wishes. Provincial articles of peace were agreed to, and signed at Paris on the 30th of November, 1782, by Dr. Franklin, Mr. Adams, Mr. Jay and Mr. Laurens, on the part of the U. S. and M. Oswald on the part of G. B. These formed the basis of the definitive treaty, which was concluded the 30th of September 1783, and signed Dr. Franklin, Mr. Adams, and Mr. Jay, on the one part, and by Mr. David Hartley on the other.

On the 3d of April 1783, a treaty of amity and commerce, between the United States and Sweden, was concluded at Paris, by Dr. Franklin and the Count Von Krutx.

A similar treaty with Prussia was concluded in 1785, not long before Dr. Franklin's departure from Europe.

Dr. Franklin did not suffer his political pursuits to engross his whole attention. Some of his performances made their appearance in Paris. The object of these was generally the promotion of industry and economy.

In the year 1784, when animal magnetism made great noise in the world,particularly at Paris, it was thought a matter of such importance, that the king appointed commissioners to examine into the foundation of this pretended science. Dr. Franklin was ne of the number. After a fair and diligent en

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intended to impose upon the ignorant and cred lous. Mesmer was thus interrupted in his career wealth and fame, and a most insolent attempt impose upon the human understanding baffled.

The important ends of Dr. Franklin's missi being completed by the establishment of Americ independence, and the infirmities of age and disea coming upon him, he became desirous of retur ing to his native country. Upon application congress to be recalled, Mr. Jefferson was appoin ed to succeed him, in 1785. Sometime in Septer ber of the same year, Dr. Franklin arrived in Phi delphia. He was shortly after chosen member of t supreme executive council for the rity; and so after was elected president of the same.

When a convention was called to meet in Phi delphia, in 1787, for the purpose of giving m energy to the government of the union, by revisi and amending the articles of confederation, 1 Franklin was appointed a delegate from the state Pennsylvania. He signed the constitution whi they proposed for the union, and gave it the m unequivocal marks of his approbation.

A society for political enquiries, of which I Franklin was president, was established about t period. The meetings were held at his house. Two or three essays read in the society were pu lished. It did not long continue.

In the year 1787, two societies were establish in Philadelphia, founded on principles of the m liberal and refined humanity-The Philadelphia ciety for alleviating the miseries of public prison

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and the Pennsylvania Society for promoting the abo lition of slavery, the relief of free negroes unlawful hy held in bondage, and the improvement of the con dition of the African race. Of each of these Dr. Franklin was president. The labors of these bo dies have been crowned with great success; and they continue to prosecute, with unwearied diligence, the laudable designs for which they were Established.

Dr. Franklin's increasing infirmities prevented his regular attendance at the council chamber; and in 1778, he retired wholly from public life.

His constitution had been a remarkable good one. He had been little subject to disease, except an attack of the gout occasionally, until the year 1781, when he was first attacked with symptoms of the calculous complaint, which continued during his. life. During the intervals of pain from this griev ous disease, he spent many cheerful hours, convers ing in the most agreeable and instructive manner. His faculties were entirely unimpaired, even to the hour of his death.

His name, as president of the Abolition Society, was signed to the memorial presented to the House of Representatives of the United States, of the 12th of February 1789, praying them to exert the full extent of power vested in them by the constitution, in discouraging the traffic of the human species.This was his last public act. In the debates to which this memorial gave rise, several attempts were made to justify the trade. In the Federal

Gazette of March 25th, there appeared an essay, signed Historicus, written by Dr. Franklin, in which he communicated a speech, said to have been delivered in the Divan of Algiers in 1687; in op position to the prayers of the petition of a sect calle

fy the plundering and enslaving the Europeans. affords, at the same time, a demonstration of the tility of the arguments in defence of the slave trad and of the strength of mind and ingenuity of author, at his advanced period of life. It furnish too a no less convincing proof of his power of in tating the style of other times and nations, thạn celebrated parable against persecution. And the latter led many to search the scriptures with view to find it, so the former caused many perso to search the book stores and libraries for the wo from which it was said to be extracted.*

In the beginning of April following, he was tacked with a fever and a complaint of his brea which terminated his existence. The following count of his last illness was written by his frie and physician, Dr. Jones.

"The stone, with which he had been afflict for several years, had for the last twelve mon confined him chiefly to his bed; and during extreme painful paroxysms, he was obliged to t large doses of laudanum to mitigate his torture: still in the intervals of pain, he not only amu himself with reading and conversing with his fa ly, and a few of his friends who visited him, was often employed in doing business of a put as well as private nature, with various persons w waited on him for that purpose; and in every stance displayed, not only that readiness and dis

This speech will be found among the essays

sition of doing good, which was the distinguishing characteristic of his life but the fullest and clearest possession of his uncommon mental abilities ; and not unfrequently indulged himself in those jeux d'esprit and entertaining anecdotes, which were the delight of all who heard him.

"About sixteen days before his death, he was seized with a feverish indisposition, without any particular symptoms attending it, till the third or fourth day, when he complained of a pain in his left breast, which increased till it became extremely acute, attended with a cough and laborious breathing. During this state, when the severity of his pains sometimes drew forth a groan of complaint, he would observe-that he was afraid he did not bear them as he ought-acknowledged his grateful sense of the many blessings he had received from the Supreme Being, who hard raised him from small and low beginnings to such high rank and consideration among men-and made no doubt but his present afflictions were kindly intended to wean him from a world, in which he was no longer fit to act the part assigned him. In this frame of body and mind he continued till five days before his death, when his pain and difficulty of breathing entirely left him, and his family were flattering themselves with the hopes of his recovery, when an imposthumation, which had formed itself in his lungs, suddenly burst, and discharged a great quantity of matter, which he continued to throw up while he had sufficient strength to do it; but, as that failed, the organs of respiration became gradually oppressed a calm lethargic state succ‹ eded—and, on the 7th of April, 1790, about eleven o'clock at night, he quietly expired, closing a long and useful life of eighty-four years and three months,

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