our Normal Institutes for the masters of Thieves' Schools; and to establish a Fagin Professorship of Appropriation in each of our colleges. Then the thieves who have some little conscience left, may keep such people as the Fourth Ward plunderers bear their fruits in the shape terser, and more vigorous sty in the next twenty years. NORMAL SCHOOL EN of sense look more down, by the contrast of a purer example. Mies than their friend The only difficulty, should such offenders exist after that, will be to find a name for the culprits themselves. The English language is barren of nouns and adjectives to express and qualify their crime, while there is no term harsh enough to give the criminals. The old word "scoundrel," would be degraded by a companionship so vile. To apply it once to the Fourth Ward School Trustees, would so debase it, that it would need to be washed, scrubbed, and carefully fumigated, before it could be admitted again into any well-regulated dictionary. By all means, if these fellows are to escape scot-free, let us vindicate our character for morality and decency, by taking ordinary thieves into favor; and giving petty larceny an efficient and thorough protection by the municipal government. IN CONDENSATION. N our present number, we give some paragraphs from new books, embodying hints, some of which have much value, and some but little. There is one extract about paraphrasing—an exercise once very much in vogue. We do not admire it, since it leads to verbosity, and we say so, in a foot-note to the extract itself. What we there hint, we desire to propose here more formally. We suggest that teachers when exercising their pupils in composition, should encourage a terse, condensed style. Instead of giving their pupils a proverb or pointed sentence, to expand into a paragraph, let them reverse the pro Μ gather hints for action, or to f caution. A friend, if thoroug is apt to have his judgment w friendship, and think that a th rightly done, to have been do the object of his regard. And so of systems. And as of sys eral, so of the system of normal in particular. Of the genera of that system, there should be But errors in detail are oft And in this view of the case, an extract from a speech made State Normal School at Tren New Jersey Legislature, by The English, who opposed the cus propriation, and who was suppo many, that it was only by ma sions that the bill passed by tional majority in the House of Dr. English said: "I do not doubt the general of a system of normal instruc your system, if not perfect, mu imate perfection. To make it object must be kept in mind. T is, to qualify persons to teach. are some who imbibe knowledge as the sponge; but unlike the they will not part with it under intense pressure. They can acc not impart. I remember whe engaged in the study of medicin University of Pennsylvania, that for a Professor of Chemistry, Rob Of his eminence there could be r The inventor of the oxy-hydrog pipe; the discoverer of many ledged facts of great moment; th and correspondent of Berzelius, great chemists of Europe; his reputation stood on an endurin Yet his attempts at teaching were To Contributors. He afforded no aid to the Is. Except when he perhis splendid experiments, had a complete apparatus, ates abandoned the benches om; or if they came there, nversation as carelessly as re in the street. He finally was replaced by another, far 1, and though an accom, inferior in profundity and vledge to his predecessor. occupant of the chair of ld teach-he could make answered the purpose of his You will find similar cases schools; you will find it in anufactures, even in legislaIn educating teachers by the at to take those who display ability to teach. You can nd any amount of money in t quality—in giving it force and in imparting knowledge As it now stands, you send r Normal School pupil after vę no satisfaction as teachers, st an odium on the system et destroy it. evil be amended? I mainan. It is not my business, but friends of the school, to perstem. I may say this, howhere a boy is meant to be edteacher, let him be placed in class in his school. If he disere, cultivate it. If he stand his primal practice, send him mal School for a session. Afhim take charge of a primary in a public school. If he show ition that he can teach suct him return to complete his d whatever money may be exn by the State in his education, rned with more than usurious the general public. If he do hese tests, he has mistaken his ocation. He may make a good a clever farmer, a skillful phyble lawyer, or an efficient clerhe will not make a good teachespecially, when he receives that ompensation which this State 281 and other States too-dole out with grudging hand to the schoolmasters. "Till you reform your Normal School on this point-till you keep it to its real object, and abandon this scattering of funds on unworthy recipients-you will have opposition at every session to encounter; and though you may succeed now, and it may be next year, you must come to our views of the matter, or have the fabric of your system tumbled about your ears." It is not our purpose to inquire here, as to whether the charges against the Normal School of New Jersey were correct or not; it is enough to know that those charges come from a respectable source, to examine into the objections made. It is necessary to do all that may prevent the Normal system being brought into disrepute with the masses, and thus having its usefulness impaired, and its continuance endangered. No one seems to question the propriety of Normal instruction, if the proper subjects be chosen. We take it that no friend of the system desires that improper subjects be taken in charge. Will any one point out a mode by which those with an aptitude for imparting instruction shall receive at the State expense the requisite knowledge, and thus give the system the cordial support of all but the ignorant? Will any of our readers give their views on this important subject? WE To CONTRIBUTORS. E wish to give our voluntary contributors (for whose readiness to furnish us with their views we feel greatly obliged), two pieces of information. Firstly, we desire to obtain practical articles. In favor of such, as our space is limited, others will be excluded without mercy, whatever may be their positive merits. Secondly, an author should write on one page only of his paper, leaving the other side blank. Otherwise he will meet with the maledictions of compositors, and freAlso the pracquently lose all his labor. tice of underscoring certain words to be italicized, is a bad one. SCIENCE AND THE ARTS. -According to Sainspierre, ozone is developed by the mechanical action of blowing machines and ventilators producing strong currents. The Archives des Sciences contains an interesting account of the views of Clausius on oxygen and ozone. He considers that ordinary oxygen consists of atoms united two and two, while the atoms of active oxygen are single and disunited. The two atoms constituting a molecule of ordinary oxygen he regards as in opposite elective conditions. Ozone, according to M. Soret, is composed of elementary atoms not combined in pairs, which may combine with atoms of undecomposed oxygen as soon as they become free. Schönbein regards ozone as allotropic, and terms the different forms ozone and antozone. His method of obtaining ozone by purely chemical means is to dissolve pure manganate of potash in pure sulphuric acid; into the green solution thus formed, introduce some peroxyd of barium, when oxygen and ozone will be set free. The latter may be detected by the nose. With such ozone Schönbein oxydized silver at 4° F., and by inhaling the gas secured a capital catarrh. -Professor Spörer of Anclam has recently communicated to the Astronomische Nachrichten an account of his observations on sun-spots, from September to the end of last year, in the course of which he remarks that the third quadrant contained fewer spots than the others. The map of 1863 shows the spots to be very unequally distributed, some large spaces being entirely clear, whilst in other parts they are crowded together in a remarkable manner. The elements of rotation were deduced from one spot, which appeared at two periods, and which nearly fulfilled the very important conditions of unvarying heliocentric latitude and longitude. The Professor observes that persistence of form does not prove that the position has not changed, and he thinks that the conditions mentioned above are of much importance. He hopes that Mr. Carrington's book, which he has not yet seen, some information on this po tainly will not be disappointed Nos. 158 and 173 of 1861, w two which he had hitherto fo these conditions; but he now a No. 147, 1863, the apparent s underwent no alteration from Dec. 18, 1863. He states that of those spots, which have bee the fusion of groups, differs the ordinary rate, which, h spots gradually take up as t more and more isolated. He marks, that before the final dis the peculiar change always no direction and velocity of the takes place. The paper concl table giving the motion of the s past year, which shows that th storms of the equator assume direction in higher latitudes. -M. Lancelot of Paris has extremely interesting experim cerning the action of butter Butter immersed in an excessi solution of copper (in which the absolutely imperceptible), soon coated with hydrated deutoxyd From the experiments, he con has long been known that the tained in greasy substances will a ly on copper; but the above e has demonstrated to me that perhaps the most sensitive reagen the presence of that metal, or o in a liquid; and that, if iron has erty of reducing the salts of co tained in a very diluted solutio itself possesses the property of copper-salt-perhaps a butyrat reveals the presence of that m when the active reagents most in failed to give traces of its existenc discovery cannot fail to be espe portant in toxicology. -The orbit of the planet recently been investigated by He r von Wittich, in a paper, a h appears in the Schriften alisch-ekonomischen Gesellnigsberg for the last year, wing as the reason why we s that a portion of the image ojects often rests upon the e optic nerve enters the eye, insensible to light. The he image of our field of visirradiation-wise in the vientrance of the optic nerve tions obtained through the ling the stem of the nerve; circles of sensation surroundthere exists an anatomical, ological break. All his exto show that the field of our much in extent as is covered ce of the optic nerve, and that, our judgment on certain simosed figures would be essent if they fell on that spot. MISCELLANY. -A biography of Archbishop Whately has been recently published, which con'tains a number of amusing anecdotes of the great logician. Whately, like Sir Isaac Newton, Raleigh, Campbell, General Jackson, and most of the great brain-workers, was a smoker of tobacco, and his pipe, when its little volcano was extinct, served him for a book-marker. In summer-time he might be seen, of an evening, sitting on the chains of Stephen's Green, thinking of "that," as the song says, and of much more, while he was "smoking tobacco." In winter, he walked and smoked, vigorously in both cases, on the Donnybrook road; or he would be out with his dogs, climbing up the trees to hide amid the branches a key or a knife, which, after walking some distance, he would tell the dogs he had lost, and bid them look for it, and bring it to him. At table, whether as host or guest, he was a supreme talker: wit, humor, learning, pun, fun, sense and nonsense, he poured forth with few of the "brilliant intervals of silence" which other talkers impatiently longed for. It was perilous work to grapple with him; but we think that, in contending with an adversary, he often did what is done in warfare, prepare the pitfalls, into which he saw his foeman tumble, with infinite laughter on the part of the auditors. When merely "smart" people, like Lady Holland, snapped at him, as Mr. Fitzpatrick remarks, "their teeth only met sparkling granite." There was something of a Johnsonian rudeness about him, with exaggeration, for in a drawing-room Whately would, in his forgetfulness, lean back in his chair, in front of the fire, and plant his feet nearly as high as the chimney-piece. At the council-table, his heels would sometimes be where his colleagues' heads were -on the table itself. Chairs perished at his coming, for he used them ruthlessly in argument, and the carpet suffered from one of his tricks of whirling the chair round on one leg, while he was speaking. Dr. Whately took a great interest in the cause of education, even to the minutest details, such as setting copies for the boys at the schools, to some of which he ap pended amusing notes. On tences will serve to give a character of the rest. "A L change his mind, if he ha change." "Soon after the introducti vict system to Ireland, a gent and respected as an ardent a formatories, boasted to a frie pied a responsible office in t ernment, that he held the sy high estimation that he empl vants in his house but those wl some time in a reformatory. addressed was much struck by ation and its significance, and ble impressiveness, he commu to the Archbishop. His Gr attentively to the recital, and quietly observed: 'Your friend some fine morning, and find only spoon left in the house."" "The ticket-of-leave system favor in the Archbishop's sig lost no opportunity to make a c if he could contrive to make t cut two ways, the joke was all anter. The Rev. Mr. M'Naught having forsaken the Anglican cl ed the Sectaries, and finally ca the Anglican church again, D. quietly remarked, 'I hope they ing to send us ticket-of-leave cle "A favorite play with Dr. (writes a correspondent), was p little tale on paper, and then m right hand neighbor read and re a whisper, to the next man; and: everybody round the table had same. But the last man was a quired to write what he had he the matter was then compared original retained by his Grace. instances the matter was hardly r ble, and Dr. Whately would dra vious moral; but the cream of th in his efforts to discover where th tions took place. His analytical of detection proved, as usual, accu the interpolators were playfully pill "Cultivate not only the corn |