Washington in 1790, had 1 free colored to 226 whites-in 1840, 1 to 16-in 1850, 1 to 14.

Frederick in 179C, had 1 free colored to 126 whites-in 1840, 1 to 13-in 1850, 1 to 8.

Baltimore county in 1790, 1 free colored to 23 whites-in 1840, 1 to 10-in 1850, 1 to 9.

Baltimore city in 1790, 1 free colored to 37 whites-in 1840, 1 to 4-in 1850, 1 to 5.

Harford in 1790, 1 free colored to 14 whites-in 1840, 1 to 4 -in 1850, 1 to 5.

Montgomery in 1790, 1 free colored to 39 whites-in 1840, 1 to 63-in 1850, I to 7.

Prince George's in 1790, 1 free colored to 61 whites-in 1840, 1 to 7-in 1850, 1 to 7.

Charles in 1790, 1 free colored to 25 whites-in 1840, 1 to 7in 1850, 1 to 6.

Saint Mary's in 1790, 1 free colored to 24 whites—in 1840, 1 to 41-in 1850, 1 to 3.

Calvert in 1790, 1 free colored to 30 whites-in 1840, 1 to 2 -in 1850, 1 to 2}.

Anne Arundel in 1790, 1 free colored to 14 whites-in 1850, 1 to 24—in 1850, 1 to 31⁄2.

Carroll in 1840, 1 to 17.

Cecil in 1790, 1 free colored to 61 whites-in 1840, 1 to 51in 1850, 1 to 6.

Kent in 1790, I free colored to 10 whites-in 1840, 1 to 2-in 1850, 1 to 1.

Caroline in 1790, 1 free colored to 16 whites-in 1840, 1 to 3 -in 1850, 1 to 24.

Talbot in 1790, 1 free colored to 62 whites-in 1840, 1 to 2-in 1850, 1 to 23.

Queen Anne's in 1790, 1 free colored to 13 whites-in 1840, 1 to 24-in 1850, 1 to 24.

Somerset in 1790, 1 free colored to 30 whites-in 1840, 1 to 4 -in 1850, 1 to 3.

Dorchester in 1790, 1 free colored to 19 whites-in 1840, 1 to 2-in 1850, 1 to 2.

Worcester in 1790, 1 free colored to 43 whites-in 1840, 1 to 3 -in 1850, 1 to 31.

Baltimore, Frederick and Carroll, the latter taken off between 1830 and 1840-in 1840, 1 to 9.

Statement of the manumissions reported to the commissioners of the State fund, since 1832 to January 1st, 1851, as follows:

Total number of manumissions since March 1832, are
Of this number were manumitted forthwith,

Number prospective, and to take effect at a further time,

4,199

1,587

2,612

This number falls far short of the actual manumissions, as in many instances by will, neither names or numbers are given, but all slaves are set free at the testators decease, or at some future time.

The actual increase or decrease in the several counties and Baltimore city, of the whites and free colored since the census 1840, up to the census of 1850, and the relative increase per cent. during those ten years, will appear by the following table:

Actual Increase or Decrease since the Census of 1840:

Baltimore city,

Montgomery,

Prince George's,

Charles,

Allegany,
Washington,
Frederick,

Baltimore county,
Saint Mary's,

Anne Arundel,

Cecil,

Kent,

Caroline,

Talbot,

Thus it appears from an increase, demonstrated by the actual reterns of the present census, the free negro population on the given rate of progression, must, in a few years, exceed the white population in eleven counties of the State.

Baltimore county exhibits the largest white increase over the free colored; from their known partiality to village or city life, that is easily accounted for-Baltimore city being located in that county.

The city of Baltimore shows a very large increase of free blacks, but the ratio of white increase exceeds that, because of large accessions from the country and foreign emigration added to the actual city increase proper.

Kent and Worcester show the largest increase of free blacks over the whites, to be found in any of the counties.

The cause of this state of things in the counties is sufficiently apparent. The white population are constantly removing to the Western States, in quest of homes and fortunes, when their situation here becomes crowded or uncomfortable; while the free negro, conversant only with what he sees around him, hesitates to relinquish a tolerable abode, for one of which he knows nothing, and of questionable advantage at best. Besides, the free negro knows that when he once leaves the State, the law forbids his return, and he makes up his mind to remain where he is, trusting to events, precarious as they may be, for future good.

Thus, the motives, prompting the industrious and enterprising white man to leave the sterile lands, and already sparcely settled counties, in pursuant of wealth, ease and happiness, do not effect the free negro; and he remains where he is, increasing and propagating his kind, nurtured and reared in all the vices, ignorance, wants and degradations, characterizing a class of our population called free, but in reality the veriest slaves on earth, from the very force of circumstances surrounding them, and over which they can never have any control.

The next point of inquiry is "the numbers that have been colonized in Africa." This question applies to the operations of the Maryland State Colonization Society, aided by the act of 12th March 1832.

That act appointed a board of Managers, whose duty it should be, "to remove from the State the people of color then free, and such as should thereafter, become so, to the Colony of Liberia in Africa, or such other place out of the limits of Maryland as they should consent to go to." To do which, the Treasurer was authorised to contract loans to the amount of $200,000, and there was levied upon the counties and city of Baltimore, the annual amount of $10,000, to pay the interest and principal of such

loans.

That act expires on 12th March 1852.

Previous to the passage of this act, the Maryland State Colo