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ants. The scene was splendid-the King, bearing in his person the "majesty of nature," seems formed to command, plainly dressed in green taffety; a few ornaments round his arms and legs, three simple rows of beads and gold on his head, instead of a crown, with sandals, composed the rest of his costume.

were most graciously received in full state | court, where we were amused with a constant by the King, whom we find a prince liberal variety of parade and bustle, from the passin his sentiments, dignified in his deport-ing to and fro of the different dignitaries and ment, and of a generous disposition. His their retinue, we were conducted to a large court is most splendid, and when he appears inner court, where the king, encircled by a in state, he is usually attended by 2000 per- varied profusion of insignia, even more sons: among his numerous attendants, we sumptuous than we had yet witnessed, sat at notice his cook, who is preceded by a massy the end of two long files of counsellors, ca"The circle of Moors ought to be mention- service of plate. Our reception was highly boseers, and captains. They were all seated ed as not the least magnificent among the flattering.-After saluting his majesty, we under their umbrellas of scarlet or yellow objects in this fairy tale; of which I have passed along a line of vast extent, consisting cloth, silks, shawls, cotton of every glaring endeavoured to give you a faint abstract. of the caboseers of the countries and towns variety, and decorated with carved and "All the African towns are composed tributary to Ashantee and their troops, and golden pelicans, panthers, baboons, cresprincipally of clay. The capital is well built, were then placed beneath a large tree to re-cents, &c. on the top; their shape generally with broad streets, which are kept clean. ceive their compliments in return; the that of a dome. Distinct and populous reIt is situated in a hollow, surrounded with whole ceremony of introduction lasting tinues were placed around with gold elegently-rising groves of cotton-trees, &c. from two to eight o'clock.-Our party has phant tails to keep off the flies; gold-headed and there appears to be a great deal of cul- been also honoured with a visit by the mo-swords, embossed muskets, and many other tivation around it. Figure to yourself the ther and sisters of the king; they are wo-splendid novelties, too numerous for inserbooths of a country fair, well filled, and you men of dignified and affable manners, and tion. Each chief was supported by the digwill have a good idea of the market-place. appear totally free from that curiosity com-nitaries of his own province to his right and The palace is an enormous range of square mon to the lower classes of the natives; left, and it was truly concilium in concilio. court-yards, open halls, and galleries for the easy and elegant manner in which they We have observed only one horse here, slaves, altogether enclosed with a well-built were ushered in and out of our abode by the which is kept by the chief captain, more for wall; the whole white-washed, and more captain in waiting, might have raised a blush state than use, the great people all riding suitable for the state of an African Chief, in many a modern European courtier. A bullocks. The presents from the company than St. James's for the dignity of a British short sketch of the palace and its decorations to his majesty called forth a surprise, only Prince. may not be uninteresting. On our first equalled by his warm and dignified acknow"On the second day of their arrival, their visit, we waited, according to the custom of ledgment of them: his feelings are evidentspirits were damped by seeing a criminal the place, a considerable time in one of ly more auspicious toward us, and we have found guilty of high crimes and misde- the outer courts. The buildings con-only to dread the jealousy of the Moors, meanors in one of the provinces, with his ears sist of a variety of oblong courts and many of whom are tributary to this mocut off, muzzled through the nose, gagged, regular squares, the former presenting ar-narch; or the intrigues of other neighbours, and otherwise mutilated and tormented. In cades along one side, some of round arches more dangerous, as they are more civilized such a case as this, the King's sons, at sun-symmetrically turned, having a skeleton of and artful. rise, begin the work of death. The victim bamboo; the architraves and bases exubeis led about all day till evening, at intervals rantly adorned with very bold fan and trellis mangled, and this continued until death re-work of Egyptian character; they have a leases him from his tortures. The same day suite of rooms over them, with small wina great man was brought out of the palace-dows of wooden lattice, of intricate but re-last Number: it increases in interest as it gate, and beheaded for cowardice. gular carved work, and some with frames of "The interior of the country is far supe-gold. The squares have a large apartment rior to the sea-coast, and the inhabitants on each side, open in front, with two supmore civilized."

*

MEMOIR

OF THE LIFE AND CHARACTER OF

ALI PACHA, OF IOANNINA.
We continue this narrative from our

proceeds.

With all these odious vices, Ali Pacha porting pillars, which break the view, and possesses many splendid qualities, which give it all the appearance of the proscenium would do honour to the greatest Princes. A The following extract of a letter on the of the stage of the older Italian Theatres; profound knowledge of the human heart presame subject has already found its way into they are lofty and regular, with cornices of serves him from errors in the choice of his publication through another channel,whence a very bold fan work in alto relievo; a drop officers, and he knows how to assign to each we copy it. It notices several points not curtain of curiously plaited cane suspends in the place to which he is the best adapted. touched on by our correspondent, (from front, and in each we observed splendid fur-In business, his penetration gives him a whose obliging pen we anticipate further ac- niture--such as chairs embossed with gold, clear insight into the bearings of every case, counts of the manners of the inhabitants, stools and couches of rich silk, or scattered and he speedily perceives what is the most &c.) and fills up the sketch of this remark- regalia. The most ornamented part of the proper to be done. He knows how to watch for able mission. The date is Cummazee, early palace is that appropriated for the women,-opportunities, to prepare the way for them, in June. we have passed through it once. Except and when they arrive, to take instant ad"Our journey hither by roads almost im-two open door-ways, the fronts of some of vantage of them. The courage and intrepassable, and through wilds seldom traversed these apartments are closed by pannels of pidity which he displayed in his youth have (having in our passage through one forest curious open carving, conveying a striking not forsaken him in his advanced age. With been four days deprived by its impervious resemblance at first sight to a florid Gothic calm resolution he measures the danger, foliage of the light of the sun), has been skreen; one front was entirely closed, and and either finds means to avoid, or goes additionally lengthened by the indisposition had two curious doors of a low Saxon arch, boldly to meet it. In the midst of his subof one of our party on the road, and our de- and strengthened or battened with wood-jects, who all fear and mostly hate him, tention within thirty miles of this place a work, carved in high relief, and painted red. he seems entirely regardless of his personal whole week during the deliberation of the Doors chancing to open as we passed through safety, and this apparent security contriKing on the propriety of our admission into this quarter of the palace, surprised us with butes not a little to give it to him in reality. his capital. We are, however, at length a glimpse of large apartments in corners we When he goes out, he is generally attended safely arrived within Cummazee, and have could not have imagined-the most secret by two pages, a confidant and two soldiers: scarcely yet recovered from our surprise at appearing the most superb. In our daily the fear which his personal courage inspires, the grandeur and decorum which it exhibits. course through the palace there is always a and the prevailing conviction, that any enThe limits of my time will not permit more delay of several minutes before the door se- terprise directed against him must fail, than a hasty description of a few of the parating the squares is opened: the inmost account for the few plots against his life leading objects which have here arrested our square is the council chamber. To-day, which have been matured into actual atattention. On our entrance into the city, con-after a delay of nearly an hour (which seems tempts; and by good fortune he has always taining a population of 200,000 souls, we an indispensable ceremony) in the outer been on his guard at the time, so that their

issue necessarily deterred others from similar enterprizes.

palace at Lituritza, where he killed him with useful services. But all the proceedings are a pistol shot. mere formalities, since no member of this Ali's government is not only harsh and He protects the Greeks because it is for council would venture to express an opinion oppressive in general, but is peculiarly dis- his own interest treat them well. He has contrary to that of his master. In every detinguished by cruelties exercised on rich and need of them in various branches of the ad-partment of the administration, he is his powerful persons, with the view of seizing ministration, in which he cannot employ own minister; his prodigious memory enaon their wealth and authority; so that his the Albanians and will not trust the Turks: bles him to enter into the minutest details, rule may justly be called tyrannical. On the he knows too that he can employ the Mus-and to regulate the most trifling things; other hand, it seems moderate and mild, sulmen against them whenever he shall find though, according to Turkish custom, he when we consider the security which the it necessary. But he fears the Greeks be- commits nothing to writing, yet nothing esmass of the people enjoy, the religious toler- cause he feels that they hate him, and serve capes him, and none of his ordinances contraation shewn to the Greeks, and the use him, only that they may the sooner throw dict the preceding ones, unless, which very which he makes of the services of the latter. off the Turkish yoke, and that, as soon as seldom happens, he should have altered his The contradiction however is only apparent, they have obtained their independence, they opinion. His indefatigable activity enables and a natural consequence of his situation, will not give themselves any farther trouble him to find time for every thing, so that no and of his political system. The different about him. They are to him only the in- business is neglected. But he requires the parts of his dominions do not form a cohe-struments of his own elevation, and he is same activity from his officers and servants, rent whole, but his object is directed to ob- by no means disposed to make his Alba- and his rigorous strictness in this respect tain this coherence by the opinion that all nians subordinate to them. Greeks however causes an almost incredible rapidity in the must be united round his person as the cen- constitute his society, and he gives himself executive measures of the government. In tre; therefore every thing must be subdued the air of speaking the Greek as well as the order to obtain the utmost that is possible, which could offer resistance. At least he Albanian, and better than the Turkish; he he is accustomed to require what is impossihimself declares this to be the fundamental takes pleasure in attending to their schools, ble; and, as every body knows that he toleprinciple of his conduce. sometimes lets the children say their cate-rates no disobedience, and accepts no excuse In order to give an idea of his administra-chism in his presence, and has consented to whatever, fear produces wonders. His usual tion of justice, I will relate some instances. the foundation of a Greek University at threat on delivering such commands is this: The governor of the little town of Metzovo, Ioannina. He has most of the public acts" Do what I commanded, or the black serpent was an unjust and covetous man, who in or-drawn up in the Greek language; carries on shall bite your eyes out." The oath of the der to enrich himself oppressed the inha- his correspondence in it, and does not hesi- Sultan, by the beard of the Prophet, is less bitants. The latter had long before peti- tate to date according to the Christian era. to be dreaded than these terrible words, tioned Ali Pacha to deliver them from their Ali is particularly careful that the Greeks which are almost equivalent to a sentence governor. In one of the journies, which do not become too powerful, and sedulously of death. Åli makes from time to time to visit his do- avoids confiding to them important posts, In his dominions he has established a minions, he came to Metzovo; the inha- especially in the army. Above all, he does police, unknown in the rest of Turkey, the bitants crowded round his house, and ut- not allow them any intercourse with his object of which is the maintenance of pubtered loud cries. When he heard that they children, lest they should acquire any consi-lic security, and which does not spare even demanded the death of the governor of the derable influence over them. His son Veli the professional robbers, (the Klephtès, the town, he sent for the priests, and desired does not cause him any uneasiness on this ancient companions in arms of Ali): this them to exhort the people, not to load them-subject, but this is not the case with Mouc- police also penetrates into private houses, selves with a sin of blood which the death of tar; and the unfortunate Euphrosyne, the observes the conduct of individuals, and a fellow citizen would bring down upon most beautiful and most amiable woman in gives in reports on their actions, discourses, them; but as the crowd still persisted in Ioannina, was the victim of his jealous dis- and views. It keeps the strictest watch over their desire, he immediately gave orders for trust. Mouctar loved her, and spent a great the connexions of the Greeks with Constanthe execution of the guilty governor, and deal of time with her, in the company of the tinople, and other places. Ali makes himordered the people to be told, "That they most distinguished Greeks, who came there self acquainted with all letters sent from were answerable for the blood that was with their wives. Ali feared the infection his dominions, without excepting the corshed." To complete the hypocritical scene, of their principles, and therefore endeavour-respondence of the foreign ministers and he expressed to those about him how happy ed secretly to excite the jealousy of Mouctar's agents accredited to him; he respects he was that he was innocent of the death of wives. One of them, the daughter of a neither foreign couriers, nor those of his own this man, since he had been compelled to neighbouring vizir, demanded a divorce, and sovereign; but is at all times ready to lay yield to the desire of the people. However, her father supported this demand. Ali the blame upon others, and to make a show he did not delay to confiscate for his own be- made an affair of state of it; he summoned of giving satisfaction, by hanging some poor nefit the whole property of the criminal. the divan, and caused Euphrosyne, and fif- devil who is languishing in his prisons. In Some years later he was informed that teen other women, her friends, to be declared the year 1807, he caused three couriers to be the superintendants of a Canton of Zagora, guilty of seduction. Under this pretence, murdered, (two of whom were French,) upon under the pretence that they were ordered and a charge of having exposed Ali to the whom, however, to his great vexation, he to raise a tax for him of 190,000 piastres, danger of a war with his neighbours, they found only letters written in cypher. His had extorted various sums; he summoned were sentenced to be drowned. They were agents, whom he has every where, and the them before him, and made them restore all arrested during the night, and as no one correspondence of the Greeks in his service, they had received; but at the same time he durst venture, from dread of Mouctar's an- inform him of whatever passes in Europe, compelled them to pay him the 190,000 pi- ger, to lay hands on Euphrosyne, Ali him-and direct his conduct, as he has constantly astres out of their own pockets, ironically self went to her house and delivered her to in view to obtain a support out of Turkey. thanking them for having so well considered the executioner. He afterwards caused a The number of palaces, which are the perof his interest. He caused them to be put report to be spread, that if the most consi-sonal property of Ali Pacha, is very great. under arrest till the whole sum should be derable inhabitants of the city, and particu- Some he inherited from his second wife, a paid, and they were still in confinement larly Euphrosyne's uncle, the Bishop of rich widow, whom he married to obtain poswhen the author of this notice arrived at Trikala, had petitioned for their pardon, session of her large property, and soon after Ioannina. He got rid of his nephew also, he would have granted it; but that these shut up in his Harem, where she lived under the appearance of a strict execution of Greeks, out of religious hatred, did not de- retired, and in a short time died. The rest justice. He knew that this young man, as sire the deliverance of a woman who was belonged chiefly to those whom he has put he had formerly done himself, had under- beloved by a Mussulman. to death, or compelled to fly: some, too, taken some successful enterprises at the head he has had built at his own expense. He is of a band of robbers. He contrived to entice his own architect; and he also chooses the him without an escort and unarmed into his decorations and furniture of his apartments.

Ali Pacha's divan consists of the chief officers of his household, and other persons chosen by himself, from whom he expects

Hence comes the strange mixture of magni- |
ficence and bad taste, which is conspicuous
in all his palaces. Through dark passages
you arrive at splendid saloons, where gold,
velvet, and embroidery, cover even the floor
with lavish magnificence. Gobelin tapestry
suspended on poles, here and there supplies
the place of doors. Gold embroidery, half
an ell broad, and bordered with rich fringe,
is sewed to coarse linen. Round the richest
saloon are numerous irregular apartments
for various purposes: part of them serve as BIOGRAPHICAL PORTRAITS.
magazines for keeping the most motley col-
lection of articles, the fruits of his extortion
and robbery. In 1807, when he judged it
necessary to have cannon cast, he delivered
for that purpose copper kitchen utensils, of
the weight of 600 cwt. from those maga-
zines, of which he himself has the super-
Whenever he
intendance, and the keys.
receives a stranger, or takes him into his
service, he looks out the linen, pots, and
other furniture, which he intends for his use.
The number of his women in the numerous
Harems is between five and six hundred;
and effeminate youths, whom he chooses for
his companions, frequently become his con-
fidants, and officers of his household.

CAMBRIDGE, Nov. 7.-The Rev. William
Webb, D. D. Master of Clare Hall, was on
Tuesday last elected Vice-Chancellor of this
University for the year ensuing.

(To be concluded in our next.)

ORIGINAL POETRY.

MEMOIR OF GENERAL KOSCIUSKO.
The life of Kosciusko, connected as it was
with great events, will form a history; in
the mean time the following sketch may be
agreeable.

Kosciusko published an energetic manifesto, LEARNED SOCIETIES. placed himself at the head of the insurgents, OXFORD, Nov. 8.-On Thursday, October took Cracow, and being master of this se30, the Rev. Charles Carr, B. A. and Mr.cond capital, he appealed to the Poles for the Twenty thousand men assembled under his John Watts, B. A. of University College, re-establishment of the constitution of 1791. were elected Fellows of that Society. banners; Warsaw and Wilna declared He defeated twelve thousand Rusthemselves in favour of the republican sians near Raclawitz, with a corps of four cause. thousand men. His success enabled him to raise an army of fifty thousand men, among whom, however, only twenty thousand were try armed with scythes. With this irregu regular troops; the remainder being peasanlar and undisciplined army, he maintained himself against one hundred thousand enemies during a long campaign. The Prussians besieged Warsaw, which was furnishMen who have defended the laws and in-ed with only a few hastily constructed endependence of their native country, without trenchments. Kosciusko defended this podishonouring so just a cause by any un-sition, until the diversion made by Domworthy action, or political crime, deserve browski and Madalinski induced the Prusthat their memory should receive the homage sian army to retrograde. The Polish geneof public respect at the time the tomb en-ral was no sooner rid of the Prussians, than To mention he beheld the approach of a numerous Ruscloses their mortal remains. Kosciusko, is to mention a man who has sian army. The instructions which he had been honoured even by those Sovereigns, received from Washington now proved of against whom he fought in defence of the the most essential service to him. He was, like his old general, under the necessity of legitimate government of his country. General Thaddeus Kosciusko was descended assisting in every department;--directing from a noble Polish family. He received the administration of the Republic, procurhis first education at the military school of ing supplies of provisions, levying troops, superintending the payment of contribuWarsaw, and was afterwards sent abroad at the expense of that institution. He then tions; and like Washington he was secondvisited France for the first time. Improved ed in the performance of these numerous by the knowledge he had acquired in his duties, by the confidence and patriotism of

We have been favoured with so many communications on the lamented death of the contain one fourth of them. Yet as there is travels, he returned to his native country in his countrymen, that is to say, by the great

Princess Charlotte, that our Journal could not great merit in several, and good feeling in all, we regret the perplexity in which their number involves us. To insert them is out of our power; to reject them is most ungrateful to our minds; and to select from them would be difficult and to invidious. Really at a loss what course adopt, we can only at present intimate the bent of our inclination, which is either to publish the best pieces seriatim as a feature of the Lite. rary Gazette, or hold them at the disposal of their authors for any separate work, which may probably, as on a preceding occasion of the same calamitous kind, be made the medium of collecting into a volume these "Tears of Bri

tain."

THE PRINCESS CHARLOTTE.
Let none but Parents beud to weep
O'er Charlotte's timeless tomb;
Whose life's sole blessings mouldering sleep
In Death's eternal gloom.

Who else can know what 'tis to feel
The world a waste of woe,-
The wound of soul that ne'er can heal,-
The tear that aye must flow!—
While galling Memory presses still
The ghastly void to view,
Repeats the blow, yet does not kill,
And barbs each pang anew.
But now-the Infant springs to life;
None with the Maiden vies;
So high, so fixed, no happy Wife;
But now the Mother dies!

God! such a vision! fleeting,-fled,-
A People weeps to see :-

What solace? soon,-as Charlotte dead,
Shall all her Mourners be.

W. J-N.

the hope of devoting his talent to her ser-
vice. But the ardour of his passions now
threw him out of the career which he was
afterwards destined to pursue with so much
honour. An adventure, which arose out of
the attachment entertained by young Kos-
ciusko for the daughter of the Marechal of
Lithuania, compelled him to quit Poland.
He proceeded to the United States, where
he served with distinction as an Aide-de-
Camp under General Washington.

mass of the Poles; for even amidst the geples of cowardice and treachery; and Kosneral enthusiasm there were several examciusko may perhaps be reproached for not having adopted measures for obliging all to contribute, even in spite of themselves, towards the general good.

The partisans of anarchy about this time councils. King Stanislaus could no longer obtained a fatal ascendancy in the Polish He returned to Europe, and the Diet of maintain a crown which had for a length of time been tottering on his head; he was Poland, which stood in need of so brave a defender of the national independence, ap-merely a prisoner, for whom some slight sentiments of respect were entertained. pointed him a Major-General. did not disappoint the hopes of his com- Kosciusko, who was invested with an equipatriots. During the war of 1792, he, with vocal authority, could neither repress the four thousand men, defended a post which anarchy, nor dispense with the support of the anarchists. An ill-regulated governhe had fortified in the space of twenty-four ment was therefore established, and Koscihours, and which was attacked by a corps-usko resigned his dictatorial authority, like

Kosciusko

d'armée of sixteen thousand Russians. After
a battle of six hours, near Dubienka, he re-
treated almost without loss. But it did not
depend on him to avert the destiny which
awaited his country. Peace was signed, and
Poland was reduced to a ridge of territory.
Kosciusko having retired from the service,
went to fix his residence at Leipsig.

Cincinnatus, whom he seemed to have
adopted as his model. He nevertheless cor-
tinued to serve his country by his valour.
Being attached to the Russian general Fer-
three successive occasions; but on the
sen, near Macriewitz, he repulsed him on
fourth attack the Polish lines were broken,
and thrown into confusion; Kosciusko, co-
Poland, in spite of her weakness, still con-
tinued to struggle with her enemies. Kos-vered with wounds, fell from his horse, ex-
claiming, "Finis Poloniæ," and was made
ciusko was solicited once more to take up prisoner by the conquerors. This was, in

arms in the cause of his countrymen, a
duty which he was easily prevailed on to fact, the termination of the Polish republic.
full. Inspired by his assistance, several of Suwaroff took Warsaw, and an Austrian
the most ardent Republicans rose in insur-army penetrated to Lublin.
On being conducted to Russia, the brave
rection in 1794, before they had adopted the
necessary measures for maintaining the war. Kosciusko received the highest testimonials

of esteem from the Emperor Paul I. That Sovereign restored him to liberty as well as his companions in arms, and gave him an estate with 1500 serfs, a present, however, which was but little acceptable to the defender of Poland. He now resolved to quit Europe, and having declined receiving the sum of 12,000 rubles which the Emperor Paul ordered to be presented to him, he departed with his friend, the poet Niemcevitz, for London, from whence he embarked a second time for America. Having spent a few years in the society of his old companions in arms, he returned to Europe in 1798, and fixed his residence in France.

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He, of Sarmatia, thousand tongues record,
Who for his country raised the brightest sword.
Can Earth's sons have a nobler, loftier aim,
Than to inscribe the records of their fame?
Can Triumph swell a bolder note on high,
Can Genius twine a garland for its brow
Than the bright sounds to immortality?
More fair, more glowing for the world t'avow,
Than when the laurels of its fancy wave
To deck the covering of a hero's grave?
The high-ton'd minstrel gave his numbers scope,
And brightest tributes of all-heavenly Hope
Told of thy deeds, (for Genius woke the swell,)
How Kosciusko and Sarmatia fell!
There is thy eulogy,-there let it rest;
And Memory's rays entwine it in each breast;
Whilst man takes Freedom's path and honour'd
Thy deeds, thy footsteps be his guide to Fame;
And where on loftiest flight Fame's pinions soar
"Twill tell of Kosciusko, now no more! G. L.

claim,

ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE.gaged in it, entrusted it to a company, who

LETTERS ON SWEDEN.
BY BARON BURGOING.
LETTER III.

To the Countess of C.

overcome by his successor; and the canal which unites the great Wener Lake and the North Sea, was opened on the 13th of Aug. 1800. In order to accomplish the work, it was necessary to lead into it the water of the neighbouring rocks, which rushed out, in three or four openings, with a terrible noise. Polhem and Eckenblatt, appointed by the Kirg to direct the whole undertaking, drew up each a plan. The plans were very expensive in the execution, but in return—they were, as is usually promised in such cases, to lead infallibly to the most favourable results, and they both failed. The people showed us the excavations which those gentlemen Buonaparte wished to make use of the had made in the rocks, evidently to no purname of Kosciusko as a means of exciting as other rocks are by the names of shippose, which are now called by their names, the Poles to insurrection; but the experiwrecked mariners. At last the Court, conenced and skilful General quickly foresaw his designs, and refused to become an acvinced that the undertaking would not succomplice. He continued to reside on an ceed, as long as individuals only were enestate which he had purchased in the neighbourhood of Fontainebleau. When the war continued it at their own expense, and broke out in 1806, new offers were made to brought it to a happy conclusion. I once him; and though Kosciusko gave a decided spoke with a citizen of Stockholm about this refusal, yet his answer was misrepresented canal, praised it very much, and said, among and published without his knowledge. He other things, that from what I had seen of it, had no opportunity of publicly discovering Stockholm, Sept. 1st, 180*. I ventured to pronounce that it did honour this fraud until the year 1814; but the truth To the first stage beyond Gottenburg, not to the reign of Gustavus the Fourth. was well known throughout Europe, and the withstanding the multitude of rocks, the What? returned the citizen, who was somegovernment of Buonaparte regarded Kosci-country is very pleasant. The nearer you ap thing of a republican, very abruptly, what usko as a suspected individual. When the proach Cilla-Edet the flatter does the ground do you mean by that? Gustavus the Fourth! Russians entered Champagne, in 1814, they become. Occasionally is seen the Gotha-Elf, say rather the Swedish nation! Very well, learnt with astonishment that their old which flows at the foot of some bare hills, said I, but this merit at least cannot be reand imparts animation to the landscape fused to Gustavus the Fourth. Be this as it enemy was living peaceably in the neighbourhood. The Generals treated him with through which it passes. We shall soon see may, this enterprize is chiefly indebted to a the highest consideration, and it is even said it destined to more important objects. You Mr. Norwall, who, hitherto exclusively emthat the Emperor Alexander held a long in- must descend a long steep declivity to arrive ployed in his iron-foundery, has displayed terview with him. No consideration how- at Cilla-Edet, a little village which is si- here extreme ingenuity and ability. Five ever could induce Kosciusko to end his days Gotha-Elf, which we will only call the Go- from three regiments of foot, sufficed for tuated very pleasantly on the bank of the years' labour, and eight hundred men, taken in Poland: he went to pass the last years of tha, as the Swedish word Elf is nearly the the astonishing work. It was necessary to his life in Switzerland. He expired at Soleure on the 16th of Oc-same as river. It forms here a very pic- dig through rocks, 3600 Swedish ells (6810 tober. "He lived," says the Gazette de Lau-turesque and rapid waterfall, which turns a Rhineland feet,) long, and, at one place, dozen saw-mills. On the other side of the 72 Swedish ells (136 Rhineland feet,) deep. sanne, in tranquil retirement, where he had become the object of respect and vene-beautiful Castle of Holm, surrounded by the vessels in three hours; and the last of Gotha, placed on an eminence, stands the There are eight locks, which are passed by ration, surrounded by his consoling recollections, a few faithful friends, and the poor Gotha. The canal itself is two-and-twenty which leads the water of the canal into the to whom he proved a constant benefactor. He expressed a wish that the utmost simells broad and eleven deep. I could not plicity might be observed at his funeral, and have had a more favourable opportunity of that his mortal remains might be borne to ing as it were its birth-day. From the seeing it; it was the anniversary of its openthe grave by the poor." myself down into the narrow valley, where highest summit of its double dam, I let its imprisoned waters flow, and admired, shuddering, the happy boldness of the man, who in so few years finished an excavation, employed all her force in the same direction, for which nature, supposing that she had would have wanted millions of years.

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The following lines, written immediately on seeing an account of the death of this Patriot Soldier have been transmitted to us.

ON THE DEATH OF KOSCIUSKO.

To sigh forth sorrow, from the heart's recess,
O'er one we lov'd with every lovingness,
Is the last tribute from the mourner's eye,
Who weeps the parting of some kindred tie;
Their virtues great, perchance, round where
they trod,

And blest and happy in their home's abode;
These, yet in circumscribed space entwin'd,
But rarely meet man's sympathies combin'd.
But when the soul now hears the mournful knell
On Fame's, on Honour's, Freedom's sacred swell,
The founts of feeling quickly all o'erflow,
And the whole world becomes one field of woe;
Nations record the fall-all earth is gloom,
And the bright name then stamped on memory's

tomb!

Lo, Pity largely weeps, and Freedom sighs, For on his bier pale Kosciusko lies;

Count of that name.

the neighbouring mills. Here, in the middle
thick woods, which furnish employment for
of his estate, lives Mr. Macleane, a Swedish
nobleman, and as amiable a man, as he is a
Countess Ribbing, mother of the noted
skilful agriculturist. He is married to the
able. The next stage, which extends to
Both are very hospit-
Foerst, between rocks and pine-trees, has
four or five steep places. The village of
Foerst itself is situated on a bare eminence,
dominate. Only the noise of some foun-
but beyond it woods and rocks again pre-
tains disturbs the quietness of the pine woods,
washed by little lakes, through which you
reach Gaddebeck. From that to Trolloetta
it is only a (German) mile.

In Trolloeta, I stopped during the night at an inn, with which travellers, if they are At Trolloetta, which has of late become travel through, they will be badly off if they not very difficult, (and whatever country they so celebrated, you arrive, after many turn-are so) may be well satisfied. I spent full carriage often passes over solid rocks. The canal, and the waterfalls which pour into it ings, through wild landscape, where the two hours in the morning in viewing the canal, called by the name of this village, is their foaming torrents. The noise is so stunDuring the reign of Gustavus the Third, worth coming from distant countries to see! who wished to immortalize himself in every way, the construction of this canal was seriously debated. The difficulties which at first prevented this enterprize, were at last

interior trade of the kingdom, is proved by the The vast importance of this canal to the great numbers of vessels which pass it. In the year 1811, they amounted to no less than 2221. Von Göchhaussen.

ning, that the spectator can only express by | tended bride, who is maid of honour to the
dumb show the feelings by which he is over- Countess of Thoulouse. The ring, however,
powered.
becomes so large, that the lady might wear
it as a necklace.

spersed through the opera, cannot fail to excite regret for the loss of this young composer, who was snatched at too early an age from the Italian school.

THEATRE ROYAL DE L'OPERA COMIQUE.

After a few adventures, which the author intended should be extremely entertaining, the Troubadour Alfred, and his companion First Representation of La Clochette, ou Le Leon, are summoned before a court of love. Diable Page. The president orders him to try his ring on a little girl, four years of age. She must certainly be innocent, and yet the ring will not gird her little finger.

.

My next night's lodging was in Lidkoeping, a town on the Wener lake, which one might call a little sea, as its breadth from the shore where Lidkoeping lies, to the opposite side, where Carlstadt (in Werme-land) is situated, is more than twenty Swedish miles, Though the little usually follow the exam(120 English) and this is not the greatest ple of the great, the contrary sometimes breadth. It is the medium of a brisk comtakes place, and we see the great humble munication between the two towns. When themselves so far as to imitate the little. the wind is at all tolerable, the boats go 'Tis hard to say what severe sentence the This happens because interest speaks more from one to the other in something less than female jury might have pronounced upon forcibly than pride. When our great Theafour-and-twenty hours. Lidkoeping, though the Troubadours; but the culprits recollect tres saw that magic talismans attracted it has no more than 1800 inhabitants, occu- having received from the astrologer a letter crowds to the theatres of the Bouleverts, pies a pretty large space. In its little port which would extricate them from every dan- and poured showers of gold into their treathere is much bustle, as the exports of West-ger; this is certainly the moment to break suries, they could not repress a little feeling gothland, amounting annually to 5 or 6000 the seal They read, that the wicked of envy; and as the fairy's wand always betons, mostly corn, sail from thence to the astrologer thought them good subjects for a longs to those who know best how to use it, North shore of the lake. I saw in Lidkoe-joke; and the chief portion of the audience the two opera-houses did not disdain to borping, for the first time, houses with very seemed to entertain the same opinion. row it, even from the Gaité, in the hope of gently-sloping roofs, which looked like mea- If M. Montpellier, who brought this experiencing its happy influence. They dows ready for mowing. Instead of tiles, piece out at Lyons, had possessed a prophe- have presented the right of citizenship to they are covered with small pieces of turf, sying talisman, he would not most assuredly Tozo, the owner of the Wonderful Lamp, on which in time become green, as if they were have sent it to Paris. Common-place lan- condition that he should assume, with his still attached to their original meadow; what guage and worn-out ideas were not to be new name of Azolin, manners and language is annually gathered from them is made into imposed on the audience for wit and gaiety. somewhat more noble than formerly, hay, and I have since wondered that they A certain part of the spectators in the pit, have not yet thought of putting some cattle were, it is true, very enthusiastic in expressto graze in these pastures in the air! The ing their approbation; but these worthy description of a handsome young Shep- gentlemen by no means formed the majoherdess sitting on such a roof, and receiving the homage of her Damon standing below, would make a rural picture which would meet my approbation. The idea would at least be new; and I may justly doubt whether it is to be found in Theocritus or Virgil, or in our Gesner.

FRENCH DRAMA.

rity.

THEATRE DES VARIETES.

In his journey from the Boulevert of the Temple to the Rue Feydeau, Monsieur Azolin has given his lamp in exchange for a bell. He would not perhaps have struck the bargain, had he reflected that a portable talisman is liable to be lost, and that serious inconveniences might arise from such an accident, when the power of this talisman depends only on the sound of a bell, which may be produced by the slightest motion.

Le Petit Dragon. This absurd and ridiculous subject has been produced at two theatres at the same time. The piece at the Vaudeville, though We suspect indeed that the author adintrinsically wretched enough, is a master-vised him to make the exchange, merely to piece in comparison with that brought out at show how ungenerously he could extricate the Variétés, which is well worthy the tale him from the embarrassment occasioned by of M. Bouilly, from which the piece is bor- the loss of his bell. We cannot blame him, The melancholy blank in our own rowed. But the difference between the ac- for this stratagem constitutes the pleasantest dramatic representations, enables us this tresses who personate the Little Dragoon at scene in the whole opera, and the idea is not week to bring up an arrear of the Pa- the two theatres, is still more remarkable to be found in the oriental tale. The music risian novelties, of which either their than the comparative merit of the pieces. of La Clochette is a production of M. Herold, own want of importance, or the pressure Madame Perrin represented with grace and the young composer to whom we are inof more interesting matter, has occasion-sensibility a young girl educated by an old debted for the charming opera of the Rosied the postponement for the last three soldier, who could teach her nothing but eres. If we may judge of merit indepenwhat he himself knew. She painted most dently of success, we should observe that weeks. We are not surprised that the happily the shame and repentance which this second composition is more calculated French critics complain of barrenness, announced that the Little Dragoon would to maintain than to add to his reputation. since the following notices are the har-soon become a charming woman. We dare There are no passages of striking originality vest of nearly a whole month's theatrical not say what Madame Cuisot represented. in the overture, and we could have wished for a more precise and characteristic exprescrops. sion in several of the songs.

THEATRE DE LA PORTE SAINT MARTIN.

THEATRE ROYAL ITALIEN.

Carolina e Filandro is a little posthumous What contributed most of all to the sucopera, by Guecco, who is known as the com-cess of the piece, was a happy succession of incidents. The second act is better than the poser of La Prova di un'Opera seria. This new production has not been completely successfirst, and the third is the best of the three. ful. It attracted but an inconsiderable number of amateurs; and moreover the parts were not arranged in a way to excite the curiosity of the Dilettanti.

First Representation of L'Anneau de la Reine
Berthe, ou les Femmes infidelles.
Impertinent title! impertinent ring! but
the author is surely more impertinent than
either his ring or his title! Faithless fair
ones! Was ever such a thing heard of?
The Troubadour Alfred is an agreeable sim-
pleton, who fancies that a generous astrolo- A beautiful air, sung with purity and
ger has presented him with a ring which is taste by Mademoiselle Cinti was, however,
too large for every lady who
He admired, and loudly applauded. The finale
gains, it must be confessed, a pretty repu- of the first act is the best piece in the whole
tation among the fair-sex, on account of his opera; it is by Fioravanti, who has treated
four thousand six hundred and thirty-two the same subject with more talent than
unsuccessful trials. But his sin is at length Guecco has done.
converted into his punishment. He is in- Several agreeable and fanciful melodies
deed to try his ring on the finger of his in-and rich accompaniments, which are inter-

Madame Regnault merits our highest praises, which Madame Boulanger might have shared with her, had she thought fit to sing in tune.

The names of MM. Theaulon and Herold

were proclaimed amidst the most unanimous applause.

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