Making Enemies: War and State Building in BurmaCornell University Press, 2003 - 268 頁 The Burmese army took political power in Burma in 1962 and has ruled the country ever since. The persistence of this government--even in the face of long-term nonviolent opposition led by activist Aung San Suu Kyi, who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991--has puzzled scholars. In a book relevant to current debates about democratization, Mary P. Callahan seeks to explain the extraordinary durability of the Burmese military regime. In her view, the origins of army rule are to be found in the relationship between war and state formation. Burma's colonial past had seen a large imbalance between the military and civil sectors. That imbalance was accentuated soon after formal independence by one of the earliest and most persistent covert Cold War conflicts, involving CIA-funded Kuomintang incursions across the Burmese border into the People's Republic of China. Because this raised concerns in Rangoon about the possibility of a showdown with Communist China, the Burmese Army received even more autonomy and funding to protect the integrity of the new nation-state. The military transformed itself during the late 1940s and the 1950s from a group of anticolonial guerrilla bands into the professional force that seized power in 1962. The army edged out all other state and social institutions in the competition for national power. Making Enemies draws upon Callahan's interviews with former military officers and her archival work in Burmese libraries and halls of power. Callahan's unparalleled access allows her to correct existing explanations of Burmese authoritarianism and to supply new information about the coups of 1958 and 1962. |
內容
Burma | 4 |
Burmas Ethnic Groups | 15 |
Coercion and the Colonial State 18261941 27 | 27 |
British Colonial Rule in Burma | 28 |
Ethnic Composition of the Armed Forces in Burma 1931 | 36 |
Regulars of the Burma Army 1938 | 41 |
Ethnic Composition of the Armed Forces in Burma 1941 | 42 |
The Japanese Occupation 194143 | 43 |
Rebel Control over Burmese Territory FebruaryApril 1949 | 136 |
Tatmadaw Personnel Losses as of March 19 1949 | 138 |
Warfare and Army Building 195053 | 145 |
KMT Troop Buildup in Burma | 155 |
Territory Held by KMT and Other Rebel Groups 1953 | 157 |
Warriors as State Builders 195362 | 172 |
Tatmadaw Infantry Commands before and after the 1961 Purge | 201 |
Epilogue | 207 |