was his companion in prison-Foxe's "Book of Martyrs "with his autograph and a verse supposed to be in his handwriting, remains, after 250 years, a living witness; the warrant for his arrest in 1675 was sold two years ago for £305; the deed of gift of "John Bunyan, Brazier" means more than a millionaire's will. He is buried in Bunhill Fields, within sound of London's "central roar”: as if he must ever be, not on lonely heights though they be Delectable Mountains, but where the wayfaring of Pilgrims is most frequent, though it be near the City of Destruction. For he was not only delivered, but is a deliverer. On this, as on many another subject, Browning has spoken the sturdiest word--in Ned Bratts. He and his wife, "worst couple, rogue and quean, unhanged," rush into Bedford Court-house, demanding to be hanged. They had lived a life of vice, of undiscovered theft and murder, until they had suddenly been confronted by Bunyan :

"His language was not ours;

'Tis my belief God spoke: no tinker has such powers."

Both of them were astounded-overwhelmed. They reached home, guided by Bunyan's blind girl, who, in parting, gave them her father's book

"Father's boon

The Book he wrote: it reads as if he spoke himself:

He cannot preach in bonds, so, --take it down from shelf
When you want counsel,—think you hear his very voice!'"'

The two frightened rogues read it, found in it their " Own history in a nutshell" :

"Heat's no stuff to split a stone Like this black boulder-this flint heart of mine: the BookThat dealt the crashing blow!''

Thus, in his own manful way, somewhat oblivious of exact dates, Browning has pictured what this book meant and means, not only as imperishable literature, but as maker of the souls of men.

H. ELVET LEWIS.

JOHN · BUNDAN J662.

what Emblem more to Resemble the D

fitt

Evill
JA place he may take
then the Iind of Ill fame in fuch Councells as there
who fore brads Nought but Evil where the Laws that they mako
are the Devil to pleases.

BUNYAN'S SIGNATURE, AND LINES ATTRIBUTED TO HIM, FROM "FOXE'S BOOK OF MARTYRS

THE number of Bunyan's works given by C. Doe in the first edition of "The Heavenly Footman" is sixty. "Some Gospel Truths Opened," 1656; "A Vindication of this Work," 1657; "A Few Sighs from Hell, or the Groans of a Damned Soul," 1658; “The Doctrine of the Law and Grace Unfolded," 1659; "I will Pray with the Spirit and with the Understanding also," 1663; "Christian Behaviour," 1663; "The Holy City," 1665; The Resurrection of the Dead and Eternal Judgment," 1665; “Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners," 1666; "Defence of the Doctrine of the Justification by Faith," 1672; "Confession of Faith," 1672; "On Water Baptism," 1673; "Light for them that Sit in Darkness;" "Saved by Grace;""Instruction for the Ignorant," 1675; "The Pilgrim's Progress," 1678; second edition, 1678; third edition, 1679 (each of these editions has additions); a facsimile of the first edition by Dr. J. Brown, 1895.

"Come and Welcome to Jesus," 1678; “A Treatise of the Fear of God," 1679; "The Life and Death of Mr. Badman," 1680; "The Holy War," 1682; second edition, 1684; The Barren Fig-tree," 1682; "Pilgrim's Progress," second part, 1684; "The Greatness of the Soul," 1683; "Of the Seventh Day Sabbath," 1685; “The Pharisee and the Publican," 1685; "The Jerusalem Sinner Saved," 1688; "Jesus Christ as an Advocate," 1688; "The Water of Life," 1688; "Solomon's Temple Spiritualised," 1688. Among several posthumous works are The Acceptable Sacrifice," 1688; "The Heavenly Footman," 1698; and the Relation of his Emprisonments," 1765. Among works in verse are "Serious Meditations on the Four Last Things;" "Ebal and Gerizim;" "Prison Meditations," 1663-65 ; A Book for Boys and Girls, or Country Rhymes for Children" (later known as "Divine Emblems," &c.), 1686; and a poem on "The Building, Nature, Excellency, and Government of the House of God," 1688. The authorship of "Scriptural Poems" is

questioned.

Works Ed. by C. Doe, 1692; second edition, 1736, 1737; by Stebbing, 1859; by G. Whitefield, 1805-1807.

Lives of Bunyan: Southey, 1830; Macaulay, 1853; Precentor Venables, 1879; Froude (" English Men of Letters"), 1880; Copner, 1883; Dr. J. Brown, 1885, 1886, 1887; W. H. White, 1905 (" Literary Lives").

xvi

HEN at the first I took my pen in hand
Thus for to write, I did not understand
That I at all should make a little book
In such a mode; nay, I had undertook
To make another; which, when almost done,
Before I was aware, I this begun.

And thus it was: I, writing of the way
And race of saints, in this our gospel day,
Fell suddenly into an allegory

About their journey, and the way to glory,
In more than twenty things which I set down.
This done, I twenty more had in my crown;
And they again began to multiply,

Like sparks that from the coals of fire do fly.
Nay, then, thought I, if that you breed so fast,
I'll put you by yourselves, lest you at last
Should prove ad infinitum, and eat out
The book that I already am about.

Well, so I did; but yet I did not think
To show to all the world my pen and ink
In such a mode; I only thought to make
I knew not what: nor did I undertake
Thereby to please my neighbour: no, not I;
I did it my own self to gratify.

Neither did I but vacant seasons spend
In this my scribble; nor did I intend
But to divert myself in doing this

From worser thoughts which make me do amiss.

A

Thus, I set pen to paper with delight,
And quickly had my thoughts in black and white;
For, having now my method by the end,

Still as I pulled, it came; and so I penned

It down until it came at last to be,

:

For length and breadth, the bigness which you see.
Well, when I had thus put mine ends together,
I showed them others, that I might see whether
They would condemn them, or them justify:
And some said, Let them live; some, Let them die;
Some said, JOHN, print it; others said, Not so;
Some said, It might do good; others said, No.
Now was I in a strait, and did not see

Which was the best thing to be done by me :
At last I thought, Since you are thus divided,
I print it will, and so the case decided.

For, thought I, some, I see, would have it done,
Though others in that channel do not run :
To prove, then, who advised for the best,
Thus I thought fit to put it to the test.
I further thought, if now I did deny
Those that would have it, thus to gratify;
I did not know but hinder them I might
Of that which would to them be great delight.
For those which were not for its coming forth,
I said to them, Offend you I am loath,
Yet, since your brethren pleased with it be,
Forbear to judge till you do further see.

If that thou wilt not read, let it alone;
Some love the meat, some love to pick the bone.
Yea, that I might them better palliate,
I did too with them thus expostulate:
May I not write in such a style as this?
In such a method, too, and yet not miss

My end-thy good? Why may it not be done?
Dark clouds bring waters, when the bright bring none.
Yea, dark or bright, if they their silver drops
Cause to descend, the earth, by yielding crops,
Gives praise to both, and carpeth not at either,
But treasures up the fruit they yield together;
Yea, so commixes both, that in her fruit
None can distinguish this from that: they suit
Her well when hungry; but, if she be full,
She spews out both, and makes their blessings null.
You see the ways the fisherman doth take
To catch the fish; what engines doth he make!