have no control. But as the future welfare of the colony is so essentially involved in this question, delay becomes more and more injurious; and it is self-evident that neither capital nor labour will again come to us from Great Britain, until the people at home become thoroughly acquainted with the state, condition, prospects, and capabilities of this province. The landholders of Great Britain are men on whom impressions can be made. They will listen to information, and hearken to any appeal; so also will the great bulk of the British population, who now feel warmly interested and greatly excited on the subject of Canada. Our gracious Sovereign, Queen Victoria, calls upon the Imperial Parliament, recommending the state of the Canadas to their serious consideration, and thus expresses herself:-'I rely upon you to support my determination to maintain the authority of my Crown, and I trust that your wisdom will adopt such measures as will secure to those parts of my empire the benefit of internal tranquillity, and the full advantages of their own great natural resources. After expatiating at some length on the subject, adducing the statements of all the governors of Canada in defence of my views, I concluded in the following terms:-" Although the elements of the political horizon are still dark and troubled, Emigration would be one of the most powerful counteracting engines to prevent further attempts at encroachment on our soil, or the dismemberment of the empire. At no time would the people lend so willing an ear to anything connected with the Canadas, as now. The Earl of Durham advises Emigration-every governor that we have had recommends Emigration—our beloved Sovereign calls on her people to aid her in adopting such measures, as will ensure to these provinces THE FULL ADVANShall we

TAGES OF THEIR OWN GREAT NATURAL RESOURCES.'

not make an effort permanently to establish this, a truly British province, by a further infusion of British settlers, so that the reign of our lovely and youthful Queen, beaming with all her ancestral glory, shall burst forth and shine with more splendour and beauty by contrast with the dark cloud from which it will have emerged; not like the meteor, flashing upon the gloomy

heavens only to reveal to us the darkness, and bewilder us with its erratic glare, but like the more glorious luminary rising in the morning, tinging the mountain-heights with brilliancy and light, illuminating every hill and valley in our land, and smiling again over a happy, united, contented, loyal, and thriving people.""

1839. My duties on the frontier ceasing in May, I shortly afterwards received a letter from my late beloved and most respected friend, Bishop Macdonell, urging me to accompany him to Britain; and being further prompted by his generous aid, I did not hesitate one moment in crossing the Atlantic with him. Alas! for the welfare of his adopted country, and the improvement of his native one, it was but to leave his venerable remains in the land that gave him birth. After travelling through the provinces together, we embarked at Quebec, accompanied by a concourse of people who had assembled to witness our departure, and say, Farewell. We weighed anchor on the 23rd of June, and reached the Mersey on the 1st of August.

If Canada had to deplore the cessation of immigration from troubles within her borders, she had also to contend with hostility of another kind, equally injurious, and at that time, too common-the circulation, in the United Kingdom, of the most unwarrantable misstatements respecting her resources and capabilities. A pamphlet of this kind, soon after my arrival, from the pen of Mr. T. L. Hunt, was issued to the public. I lost not a moment in replying to it, although it prevented me from leaving London with Bishop Macdonell, who had then started for Scotland, to visit the very spot from whence he had proceeded forty years before, at the head of a body of the clan Macdonell, to plant those sturdy and invaluable Highlanders in the unpeopled forests of Canada. At that period the bishop encountered the most formidable opposition from all classes in the state; and it was a source of great delight to the venerable prelate, then at the close of his long and useful career, to review the exertions which he had made, and the signal victory with which they were crowned, by the conversion of a suffering and famishing population into a body of free and independent

landowners in the county of Glengarry in Canada. The same Christian patriotism and philanthropy which had urged him before, prompted him again; and accordingly he wrote to me, requesting that I would postpone every other matter, and join him, without delay, at the great agricultural meeting then to be held at Inverness. I accordingly did so; and hearing from every quarter that the distress existing in Scotland was greater and more ramified than when Bishop Macdonell had first encouraged Emigration to Canada, I was urged by him to address a public letter to His Grace the Duke of Richmond, then President of the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland; and on October 4th, I forwarded a very lengthened communication to that nobleman, which appeared at that time in all the principal newspapers in Scotland. In that letter, I drew a true but deplorable picture of the destitute condition of a large body of the inhabitants of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, many of whom were, at that time, restricted to one miserable meal in the twenty-four hours; and pointed to Emigration to Canada as a sure and speedy way to independence and happiness. I told his Grace that there was no mode in which a nobleman of his rank and influence could so effectually serve his country as in promoting Emigration. By a generous act of this nature, his Grace would scatter no dragons' teeth, to spring up hereafter into armed men, but would elevate a wretched peasantry into a happy yeomanry, diffusing the blessings of genuine charity to a deserving people, who would add to the stability and maintain the integrity of the empire. I reminded his Grace, that national prosperity and honour; that agriculture, commerce, and manufactures; that the employment and the food of man; that the elements of wealth and independence; were bound up in the question of Emigration. The power to set Emigration in motion was in the hands of British landlords, and if they exerted it effectually, their efforts must be speedily triumphant, and they would have the proud satisfaction of conferring a vast benefit on the people of whom they were the natural and legitimate guardians, as well as on the great colony that was most anxious to receive them. In

ninety-nine cases out of a hundred, the industrious and frugal labourer would become a freeholder and a capitalist in the colonies; and two-thirds of the freeholders of Upper Canada, originally possessed no other capital than the axe. As it was, in less than half a century, nearly two millions of acres had been rescued from the wilderness, and were in the highest state of cultivation. Lord Seaton, a name gratefully embalmed in the hearts of every British subject in Canada, had assured me, that these provinces could profitably receive and employ a hundred thousand emigrants annually for the next ten years. I concluded as follows:-" In the soil of Upper Canada, my Lord Duke, lies the germ of future national greatness and prosperity, and it wants but that the value of her natural resources should be properly appreciated, so that they may be used with success to provide in the country productive labour sufficient to employ nearly a thousand times the number of its present population. How much such a state of things would add to individual prosperity, and the revenue of the country, may be imagined. It is true that the able-bodied emigrant has been but too frequently bereft of means to enable him to proceed from the old and closely packed country to the comparatively empty land he would adopt, and to which he would cheerfully wend his way: but selfish indeed, my Lord Duke, must be the wealthy proprietors of the soil and the rich inhabitants of the parent state,-blind must be the government and the legislature,—dull must be the prophetic spirit of all,—reckless must be the proper and legally-constituted guardians of the poor, and in Scotland their natural guardians,-if the funds which are ever at hand to gratify ostentation, cannot also be supplied to give assistance to the industrious poor, to enable them to remove to a new and ample stage, where they will be enabled to act, and to reap the profits and honour of their exertions. Many patriotic and distinguished individuals have manifested great, laudable, and the most humane interest, in this important subject; and I now fearlessly and publicly invite your Grace, as a peer of high and noble lineage, deeply alive to the national honour, warmly interested for the people,

untrammelled by party influence, and, as you stated from the chair at the recent meeting, a warm friend to the labouring classes, to lend the aid and co-operation of your name and influence to rescue from destruction a large and interesting portion of Her Majesty's subjects, by enabling them to transplant themselves to a colony, where they will become individually and generally happy, and add much to the stability, security, and integrity of this mighty empire.

Leaving Inverness, after having discussed with many leading members of the Highland Society the object of my visit to the United Kingdom, I proceeded on to Glasgow, and had the pleasure, en route, to form the valuable acquaintances of Sir John Orde, Bart., Kilmorey; Mr. Malcolm, of Poltalloch; and Mr. Stewart, of Baillhulish. On my arrival in Glasgow, I was visited by many of the leading merchants of that noble city, and the following requisition was sent, within a few days, to the Lord Provost :

"To the Honourable Henry Dunlop, Lord Provost of the City of Glasgow.

"MY LORD,-In furtherance of the resolutions adopted by the House of Assembly in Upper Canada, in 1836, viz :— That persons be sent to Great Britain, whose business it should be to endeavour to remove the erroneous impressions there entertained, in order that Emigration and capital might flow into the province as heretofore;' and which resolution, owing to the unsettled state of the country, caused by repeated and formidable invasions from the United States, it has been impossible, until the present period, to carry into effect; and as one of the gentlemen, then contemplated by the legislature, viz. Dr. Thos. Rolph, of Ancaster, in company with the Bishop of Kingston, is now in this city, and for that express object, as well as to advocate the firm maintenance of our Colonial empire; and as they have both been in communication with some of the High