Atonement and Forgiveness: A New Model for Black ReparationsUniversity of California Press, 2004年10月7日 - 342页 Roy L. Brooks reframes one of the most important, controversial, and misunderstood issues of our time in this far-reaching reassessment of the growing debate on black reparation. Atonement and Forgiveness shifts the focus of the issue from the backward-looking question of compensation for victims to a more forward-looking racial reconciliation. Offering a comprehensive discussion of the history of the black redress movement, this book puts forward a powerful new plan for repairing the damaged relationship between the federal government and black Americans in the aftermath of 240 years of slavery and another 100 years of government-sanctioned racial segregation. Key to Brooks's vision is the government's clear signal that it understands the magnitude of the atrocity it committed against an innocent people, that it takes full responsibility, and that it publicly requests forgiveness—in other words, that it apologizes. The government must make that apology believable, Brooks explains, by a tangible act that turns the rhetoric of apology into a meaningful, material reality, that is, by reparation. Apology and reparation together constitute atonement. Atonement, in turn, imposes a reciprocal civic obligation on black Americans to forgive, which allows black Americans to start relinquishing racial resentment and to begin trusting the government's commitment to racial equality. Brooks's bold proposal situates the argument for reparations within a larger, international framework—namely, a post-Holocaust vision of government responsibility for genocide, slavery, apartheid, and similar acts of injustice. Atonement and Forgiveness makes a passionate, convincing case that only with this spirit of heightened morality, identity, egalitarianism, and restorative justice can genuine racial reconciliation take place in America. |
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第5页
... Washington , George Washington's brother , was its first president . Indeed , many politically prominent Americans were members of the ACS , including Thomas Jefferson , James Monroe , Andrew Jackson , Henry Clay , Daniel Webster , and ...
... Washington , George Washington's brother , was its first president . Indeed , many politically prominent Americans were members of the ACS , including Thomas Jefferson , James Monroe , Andrew Jackson , Henry Clay , Daniel Webster , and ...
第10页
... Washington , D.C. , to commemorate the slaves was , however , mentioned as an alternative . But , this idea , which had been kicked around Washington for a number of years , went the way of the ex - slave pension bill . It is worth ...
... Washington , D.C. , to commemorate the slaves was , however , mentioned as an alternative . But , this idea , which had been kicked around Washington for a number of years , went the way of the ex - slave pension bill . It is worth ...
第12页
... for placing the issue of slave redress on the national agenda . Now based in Washington , D.C. , N'COBRA seeks , inter alia , slave re- dress primarily in the form of monetary compensation for individual 12 ATONEMENT AND FORGIVENESS.
... for placing the issue of slave redress on the national agenda . Now based in Washington , D.C. , N'COBRA seeks , inter alia , slave re- dress primarily in the form of monetary compensation for individual 12 ATONEMENT AND FORGIVENESS.
第14页
... Washington , D.C. During the demonstration , Minister Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam presented slave redress as a means of empowering young blacks , who , he remarked , were " deserving of a better future . " The demonstration ...
... Washington , D.C. During the demonstration , Minister Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam presented slave redress as a means of empowering young blacks , who , he remarked , were " deserving of a better future . " The demonstration ...
第15页
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目录
1 | |
HARMS TO SLAVES AND FREE BLACKS | 20 |
HARMS TO DESCENDANTS | 36 |
THE TORT MODEL | 98 |
THE ATONEMENT MODEL | 141 |
OPPOSING ARGUMENTS | 180 |
EPILOGUE | 207 |
SELECTED LIST OF OTHER ATROCITIES | 213 |
SUMMARY OF THE NEGOTIATIONS THAT LED TO GERMANYS FOUNDATION LAW | 218 |
NOTES | 221 |
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY | 273 |
CASES | 299 |
STATUTES | 303 |
INDEX | 307 |
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常见术语和短语
Adarand Constructors affirmative action African American apology argues argument atonement model atonement trust fund atrocity black Americans Black and White black college black enrollment black graduates black redress movement black students Brooks chapter color Comfort Women Congress Constitution D'Souza discrimination discussion Feagin filed Forced Labor Litigation forgiveness Foundation Law free blacks Freedmen's Bureau German Harvard HBCUs higher education History Hohri Holocaust HWCUs Ibid institutions issue Japanese Americans Japanese Forced Labor JBHE Jim Crow Journal of Negro judge jurisdiction justice lawsuit legislation lingering effects ment moral nation Negro Education number of black percent perpetrator plaintiffs political President Princz question race racial differential racial reconciliation racism reparations Reparations for Slavery San Diego Union-Tribune schools slave descendants slave redress slavery and Jim social society South sovereign immunity statute of limitations subject-matter jurisdiction Supreme Court Thernstrom tion tort model U.S. Department United University Press victims Washington World World War II York
热门引用章节
第5页 - Deep rooted prejudices entertained by the whites; ten thousand recollections, by the blacks, of the injuries they have sustained; new provocations; the real distinctions which nature has made; and many other circumstances, will divide us into parties, and produce convulsions, which will probably never end but in the extermination of the one or the other race.
第174页 - The white race deems itself to be the dominant race in this country. And so it is, in prestige, in achievements, in education, in wealth and in power. So, I doubt not, it will continue to be for all time, if it remains true to its great heritage and holds fast to the principles of constitutional liberty.
第50页 - ... so far inferior that they had no rights which the white man was bound to respect; and that the Negro might justly and lawfully be reduced to slavery for his benefit.
第172页 - We doubt very much whether any action of a State not directed by way of discrimination against the negroes as a class, or on account of their race, will ever be held to come within the purview of this provision.
第26页 - What to the American slave is your Fourth of July? I answer, a day that reveals to him more than all other days of the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim.
第62页 - Our greatest danger is that in the great leap from slavery to freedom we may overlook the fact that the masses of us are to live by the productions of our hands, and fail to keep in mind that we shall prosper in proportion as we learn to dignify and glorify common labour and put brains and skill into the common occupations of life...
第104页 - Courts, as the case may be, of all causes where an alien sues for a tort only, in violation of the law of nations or a treaty of the United States...