also important to the farmers and ranchers who operate the nonirrigated watershed lands of the West but, of course, I do not speak formally for them as I do for the irrigation water users.

I understand that there are hundreds of local organizations throughout the West that have made application for assistance under this authority that will have to wait their turn to get help because of the popularity of this program and the limited funds and technical personnel available. We urge that adequate appropriations for planning and construction of watershed protection and flood prevention projects be made available so that the U.S. Department of Agriculture can continue this popular cooperative water-resources program on a scale commensurate with the public recognition of its importance.

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PROGRAMS

SOIL AND WATER RESEARCH

Our association has been intensely interested in soil and water research over a long period of years. Our special committee appointed to deal with this subject was set up and organized in 1950. It has worked arduously and consistently in support of this program throughout all these years.

SENATE COMMITTEE REPORT COMMENDED

We especially appreciate the action taken by this committee, as indicated in Senate Report No. 156, in recommending the continuation of soil and water research programs at various locations where effective work is needed and a good program is being carried on by the local stations.

It is possible that our NRA committee might disagree with your report regarding the soil management station at Hays, Kans. and the soil physics of irrigation; soil management at University Park, N. Mex. However, it is noted that your report states that effective studies are currently being carried on elsewhere which will provide information applicable to the areas served by the stations in question.

We especially appreciate the recommendations of your committee regarding the studies on soil management under irrigation at both Huntly, Mont., and Mitchell, Nebr.

FORTUNE MAGAZINE ARTICLE

Although we disagree in many instances with statements contained in the article, "Water Shortage Is a Frame of Mind" by William Bowen, which appeared in the April issue of Fortune magazine, we did consider it very significant that the article specifically called attention to the work of the research program soil management under irrigation, which, although the article did not say so, is located at Mitchell, Nebr.

The following is quoted from this article:

Experiments carried out by the Department of Agriculture and State universities indicate that, under some circumstances, a lot of extra water may bring only a little extra crop yield. Tests in Nebraska showed that irrigation bean plants could get along with remarkably little water over the course of the growing season and still produce abundant crops so long as they got plenty of water during the period of flowering and fruiting. Plants that received only 6 inches of water applied on an optimum schedule produced 48 bushels per acre; plants that got 3

times as much water produced only 2 additional bushels per acre. gains in irrigation efficiency open up here.

Vistas of great

Again, we do especially appreciate the recommendations by this committee as shown in Senate Report No. 156, page 12, endorsing the research program carried on at this station.

REPORT OF ASSOCIATION'S AGRICULTURE RESEARCH COMMITTEE

The position of our association is set forth in two documents. First, the report of our agricultural research committee which was submitted to our board of directors and then to the membership at our last annual meeting in November 1964. The following is the report of this committee:

This committee met at Palm Springs, Calif., on November 9, 1964. In the reports presented to the association during the past several years, emphasis has been placed on the need for increased agricultural research on soil and water relations. We find today that this problem is still of the same, or possibly greater, magnitude than it has been in the past, with increasing needs for the better use of water in the growing of agricultural products.

Comments have previously been made of the lack of appropriate progress in the implementation of the recommendations of Senate Document 59. More recently, the Congress has passed Public Law 88-379, but with substantial eliminations in certain phases of the original bill, S. 2. Senate Document 59 was approved by the 86th Congress, and yet we find that very little progress has been made in the implementing of the various projects outlined in that document. It seems to the agricultural research committee that some of the most important phases of the recommendations contained in that document should be given a much higher priority rating than is the fact today.

The committee feels that items 38, 39, and 32, in that order, should be placed in a high priority position, since they involve very important research for the interest of all of the States in the association.

Item 38, for example, would provide a laboratory for the conducting of basic research on design of water applications systems, applications efficiencies, infiltration, downward percolation, et cetera.

Item 39 would provide, in the southern area, a laboratory to conduct basic research on the hydraulics of flow in natural channels, flood plains, et cetera. Item 32 would provide, in the central Great Plains area, a laboratory to conduct basic research to develop the principles relating to the effect of wind, sunlight energy, heat, and humidity as they might affect the moisture-holding characteristics of soil.

It would seem appropriate that immediate recommendations be made to the Congress for sufficient funds to provide the cost of planning the facilities proposed in these three items.

With reference to Public Law 88-379, this bill provides funds to be allocated under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior for the use, under title I, of the land-grant colleges and universities of the various States of the Union, and under title II, as modified by the conference committees of the Senate and House, a nominal appropriation for use, through the Secretary of the Interior, of research by other private and public universities, and other research agencies.

Title II, as originally contained in the bill, S. 2, more realistically covered the research needs and provided for the fulfillment through modest but adequate, appropriations, but had been completely removed by the House committee. Steps should be taken to either modify the present legislation or to reinstate the original concepts of title II of Senate bill 2.

The problem of noxious weeds is becoming a serious threat to the agricultural land. The cost of controlling or eliminating these weeds has become a serious financial burden to the landowners. Research to determine more economical

methods for controlling these weeds is urgently needed.

Signed: George L. Henderson, chairman, California; Wayne M. Akin, vice chairman, Arizona; Orville Bentley, South Dakota; Dale Bohmont, Nevada; George D. Clyde, Utah; George L. Crookham, Jr., Idaho; R. C. Setterstrom, Montana; Marvin N. Shearer, Oregon.

COMMITTEE RESOLUTION

Second, the resolution which was adopted at the same annual meeting in November 1964:

RESOLUTION 17

SOIL AND WATER RESEARCH

Whereas this association has for many years urged an acceleration in programs of soil and water research; and

Whereas the amount of Federal funds spent on soil and water research of value to the reclamation States is inadequate to meet their increasing demands and should be materially increased: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the National Reclamation Association, That those provisions of Senate Document No. 59 relating to the needs of the reclamation States be implemented, and the program be accelerated so that important major research programs of value to the reclamation States be accomplished at an early date; and

be it further

Resolved, That Public Law 88-379 (Senate bill 2) be amended by including in title II thereof the original provisions of said title contained in S. 2 as introduced; and be it further

Resolved, That research relating to the control of noxious weeds, to reduce injury to agricultural crops, be materially increased; and be it further

Resolved, That copies of this resolution be forwarded to the Appropriations Committees of the Congress, the Budget Bureau, and the Secretaries of Agriculture and the Interior.

We do appreciate the splendid support which this committee has given to the important programs referred to in my statement above. Senator HOLLAND. Is there some part of the budget that your organization is dissatisfied with?

Mr. WELSH. No, sir.

Senator HOLLAND. You are just simply supporting the budget request?

Mr. WELSH. Very largely; yes. I think almost entirely.

We do appreciate the sympathetic support and consideration that this committee has given to these programs over the years. Senator HOLLAND. Thank you very much. You are very con

siderate.

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WHEAT GROWERS

STATEMENT OF KEN KENDRICK, EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT RREPARED STATEMENTS

Senator HOLLAND. Next is the National Association of Wheat Growers, and the presentation by that organization will be made by Mr. Kendrick, executive vice president.

Mr. Kendrick, you may proceed.

How do you wish to proceed, sir?

Mr. KENDRICK. Mr. Chairman, I have two statements that I would like to file, and I would like to summarize briefly these two, in consideration of the time involved.

NATIONAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, MANHATTAN, KANS.

No. 1 is dealing with the National Research Laboratory at Manhattan, Kans.

Senator HOLLAND. Where?

Mr. KENDRICK. Manhattan, Kans., for wheat.

My association is in favor of this. The study has been made. This has been before this committee a number of times.

We believe that the three primary areas that we need to work on are: No. 1, improving the quality of the wheat we grow, in order to have an opportunity to increase our market overseas; No. 2, a great deal of research needs to be done on stored grain insects; and, No. 3, to develop and improve methods for handling it.

I have a more detailed statement that I would like to file for the record.

Senator HOLLAND. The statement will be printed in the record.

May I ask: Do you wish an appropriation for this new project this year, notwithstanding the fact that it is not included in the budget? Mr. KENDRICK. Well, sir, we are requesting consideration be given to funds around $200,000, to be used for developing plans, and making plans for this building.

Senator HOLLAND. And that is not in the budget either; is it?
Mr. KENDRICK. I don't believe so, sir.

Senator HOLLAND. So, what you are asking for is that the advance planning be accomplished this year.

Mr. KENDRICK. Yes, sir; if possible.

Senator HOLLAND. And your statement will be placed in the record.

Mr. KENDRICK. Thank you, sir.

(The prepared statement and letter of taansmittal of Mr. Kendrick follows:)

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WHEAT GROWERS,

Hon. SPESSARD HOLLAND,
Chairman of the Subcommittee,

Agricultural Appropriations.

Washington, D.C.

DEAR SIR: At the 15th annual convention of the National Association of Wheat Growers, held January 5-8, 1965, our Market Development Committee passed the following resolution:

MARKETING RESEARCH LABORATORY

The National Association of Wheat Growers believes that wheat marketing research is lagging behind production, and utilization research, and that more information is needed regarding national and international marketing patterns: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That the National Association urge the establishment of a Federal Grain Marketing Research Laboratory, and that consideration be given to Manhattan, Kans., as a site for this Laboratory.

Mr. Chairman, the Subcommittee on Agricultural Appropriations of the Senate requested the Department of Agriculture to prepare a feasibility study for a grain marketing research laboratory. The Department submitted this study to the Senate committee in February 1964. This report, as you know, points out the great need for a grain research laboratory, with research work to be done in a number of areas, such as:

1. Improving the quality of the wheat we grow, thereby giving us an opportunity to increase our markets overseas.

2. Research to be done on stored grain insects.

3. To develop improved methods and equipment for handling, storing, and transporting grains.

Mr. Chairman, we believe the feasibility report clearly establishes the need for a National Grain Marketing Research Laboratory and its importance to American agriculture and to our position in the world export market for grain. Kansas, as you know, is our leading wheat producing State, and is located in approximately the center of our north central wheat producing States. No other State experiment station has facilities, equipment, or grain research program equal to those at Kansas State University. It is our understanding that Kansas State

University has agreed to deed, without cost, sufficient land to the Federal Government for this Laboratory.

The National Association of Wheat Growers respectfully urges this committee to provide an increase of $212,000 in the fiscal year appropriation for the Agricultural Research Service to be used for developing plans and specifications for a grainmarketing research laboratory. May we further urge the consideration be given to Manhattan, Kans., for the site for this Laboratory. We appreciate the opportunity to submit this statement. Cordially yours,

KEN KENDRICK, Executive vice president.

STATEMENT BY MR. KENDRICK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WHEAT GROWERS

Mr. Chairman, next to livestock and livestock products, the food and feed grains constitute the greatest farm value and are the greatest source of farm cash receipts in agriculture. One-third of cash receipts from farm marketings of all crops in 1961 was derived from food grains and feed crops. In calendar years 1962-63 almost 39 percent of U.S. agricultural exports was accounted for by grains and grain products exclusive of feeds and fodders. The continued wellbeing of our grain, in both domestic and foreign markets, is heavily dependent upon solutions to a range of quality problems and upon our ability to market our products more efficiently.

The desirability of establishing a grain marketing research laboratory originated due to the accumulation of stocks of grain in the United States, high storage costs to the Government, and severe criticisms of quality of U.S. grain being delivered in foreign markets. It was considered that the progress made through research in crop production was not matched by similar efforts to improve our ability to identify and measure quality in grain, improve grading methods and equipment, improve our ability to protect quality in grain during marketing, and to improve the efficiency of transporting, storing, and handling grain as it moves from farm to market. These shortcomings are considered detrimental to our competing successfully, particularly in the export market.

Several years ago a study group of the Congress made firsthand observations of U.S. agricultural exports to Western Europe. Based on these observations the group stated that the primary reason for our failure to compete more effectively in the European market was a lack of quality, condition, and dependability of U.S. grain exports. It is evident that research is needed to protect and maintain quality in grain during drying, conditioning, storing, milling, and transportation, whether from insect, pathological, or physiological causes, or of a physical nature; development of improved equipment, facilities, and work methods for efficient handling of grain during marketing operations; and adaptation of improved, statistically sound sampling methods and other equipment for identifying and measuring quality in grain as a basis for improving grade standards, grading methods, and sampling and grading equipment. The development of methods and procedures for controlling insects and pathological disorders should avoid the creation of harmful residues.

The time is opportune for emphasizing research of this type as a part of our goal to market high quality grains, and with maximum efficiency. However, research facilities are not available to facilitate this diversified program of research. The establishment of a modern grain marketing research laboratory, having specialized laboratories and equipment, is essential where quality and handling research can be conducted in cooperation with the grain industry and other research agencies. Research results would provide a basis for improving official grade standards and grading methods, and provide the industry with reliable methods and procedures for protecting the quality of grain during drying, storage, and transport, and in improving the efficiency of its handling and marketing operations.

The logical location for this Laboratory is Manhattan, Kans., where considerable milling, baking, and feed processing facilities have been established at Kansas State University through the cooperation of the grain industry. The logic of this location has been recognized by industry groups which have previously appeared before this committee and by representatives of experiment station directors of the North Central States. Furthermore, the university has offered sufficient land for the Laboratory at no cost to the Government.

As indicated in the feasibility study, the total estimated cost for planning, constructing, and equipping the Laboratory is $3,385,000. This includes $212,000