Onondagoes; Ossaratonqua, and his two brothers, with eighteen others, men, women and children. Nanticokes; Robert White, Joshua, with fourteen more, men, women and children. Cayugas; Ogarawtawrea, Orranoquare, Jenkasarone, with twenty others, men, women and children. Delawares; Samuel, Joseph Peepy, Thomas Evans, Jonathan, with twenty men, women and children. Senecas; George, with eight more, men, women and children. Connestogoes; Sahays, Captain John, with twenty-nine men, women and children. The greater part of the proceedings were at Lancasterthe following were at Harris' Ferry. Brother: You and our brother Onas wisely considered the ancient custom of our forefathers, in condoling with us, and mixing your grief with ours. And as we make no doubt but some of your wise connections are dead, since we were here, and many of our brethren have been killed by the evil spirit, we wipe the blood off your council seats, and put them in order with this belt of wampum. (Gives a belt.) Brother: After wiping the blood off your council seats, we, with those few skins, wrap up the bones of our brethren that died or were killed by the evil spirit, and cover their graves. (Gave a small bundle of skins.) Brother: We, by this belt of wampum, wipe the tears from your eyes, and desire you may mourn no more. (Gave a belt of wampum.) Brother: We, with this belt of wampum, disperse the dark clouds, that the sun may always shine upon us in friendship; we heal your heart and free your mind from troubles, that we may meet each other in council, and brighten the chain of friendship made by our forefathers, and that the council fire may burn clear we throw a few chips on it. (Gave a belt.) This evening I had a meeting of the Sachems, and proposed the going to Philadelphia, to hold the treaty; but I could not prevail on any of them to go there, except the Mohawks, the rest were afraid of sickness. When I found they were not to be prevailed on to go there, I called a council, and, with a belt of wampum, I removed the council fire to Lancaster: to which place they all agreed to go, and wait the arrival of Teedyuscung, with the Senecas, Delawares and Shawanese. Gave a belt to remove the council fire to Lancaster. April 7, arrived at Lancaster, from John Harris'. George Croghan wrote to Governor Denny : Sir Harris' Ferry, April 2, 1757. Thursday last, the 29th of March, I got here, and found about 160 Indians. The messengers sent to Ohio are not yet returned, and Teedyuscung was gone to the Seneca country when these set out, and is expected soon in with no less than 200 Indians. As it is not certain whether he will come in at Easton or here, I have sent a messenger to Bethlehem to meet him, with a message. I have met with some difficulty in removing the Indians from here, as many of their chiefs are dead since they had a meeting in this Province, and several of their people have been carried off by the small pox in Philadelphia. I was obliged to condole with them, which ceremony took up three days; and I have just now prevailed on them to set off for Lancaster. They are much afraid of sickness, and say, they always lose many of their people in Philadelphia. These Indians are in great want of clothes, and I am of opinion that they should have some ordered before the general present can be given. GEORGE CROGHAN. G. C. A report prevails that their families were cut off in Conocochege, near Colonel Chambers' mill. -Prov. Rec. P. 196-'7. In the month of July, 1778, refugees from the Wyoming Valley fled from the scene of the dreadful devastation of those settlements of murder, and sought protection at Harris' Ferry. Mr. Smith, in a letter to George Bryan, Esq., makes mention of these refugees here, and of the scenes of distress: Sir Paxtang, July 12th, 10 o'clock, 1778. I am this moment arrived at Harris' Ferry, and just now behold the greatest scenes of distress I ever saw, the numerous poor ran away from their habitations and left their all, and several families lost, part killed and scalped on their retreat; the most cruel butcheries ever known are practiced, wounded and others thrown into fires while yet living. The Inhabitants, however, are much distressed; the Wyoming people are undoubtedly, by the last accounts, entirely defeated. Northumberland county is evacuated. Not more than one hundred men with Col. Hunter at Sunbury; the Blue mountain is now the frontier, and I am afraid Lancaster county will shortly follow the example of the other county. The stores at Carlisle are something very considerable. I doubt not their object is to destroy that place. I am informed there is not that care taken that should be. I think it would be neces * See Appendix H. Teedyuscung. sary to appoint some careful officer at that place, that would do the duty more punctually. This party is large, have Colonel Butler at their head, one hundred regular troops at first; about the same number of Tories, but is increased to two or three times that number; seven hundred Indians, all armed in a most formidable manner, every one of them, exclusive of guns and tomahawks; as usual, each one has a large spontoon, and as soon as engaged, rushes on in a most dreadful manner. It is said they have field pieces, or swivels; and a number of light horse. It is the earnest request of all friends to their country, as well as your humble servant, that something shall be done in the greatest haste. Be pleased to send an order for what arms are ready at Lancaster and Hummelstown, also for ammunition, and I shall exert every nerve in forwarding matters to the spot the men shall collect. I am Your Honor's most obedient MATTHEW SMITH.* CHAPTER XIX. HARRISBURG, AT PRESENT. Situation-Population, males and females-General statistics of-Articles of consumption-Public buildings, viz: court-house, jail, school-houses, Masonic Hall, Bank and Savings Institution, Markethouse, State-house, State Arsenal, Mount Airy Water-works, Bridges, -Harrisburg bridge; a number of interesting incidents, &c.-Education, &c.-Names of papers and editors-History of the churches. Harrisburg, a post town, a borough, the seat of justice of Dauphin county, and the CAPITOL of the State of Pennsylvania, is very pleasantly situated on the left or east bank of the Susquehanna river, in north latitude 40 degrees, 16 minutes; east longitude from Washington city, 5 minutes and 30 seconds, and 76 degrees and 50 minutes west longitude from Greenwich, England; ninety-seven miles from Philadelphia; thirty-five from the city of Lancaster, and one hundred and • See Appendix 0. Devastation of Wyoming. ten from Washington city. It was laid out, as stated above, in 1785, by John Harris, and made the seat of Justice of the county. It was then called Harris' Ferry. In 1786, the Supreme Executive council named it Louisburg, in honor of Louis, XVI. of France. This name, however, was changed for Harrisburg, in honor of John Harris, the original founder. In 1810, February 21st, it was by law, established as the seat of Government of Pennsylvania, and the public offices were removed from Lancaster, where the legislature had assembled for many years, October 12, 1812. The population was in 1800, 1,472; in 1810, 2,287; in 1820, 2,990; in 1830, 4,311; in 1840, 6,020; in 1845, 6,193, whereof 712 are colored persons. Harrisburg in 1840, had 6,020 of population, of the following ages: White Males, 360 under five years; 271 of five and under ten; 254 of ten and under fifteen; 293 of fifteen and under twenty; 664 of twenty and under thirty; 390 of thirty and under forty; 257 of forty and under fifty; 158 of fifty and under sixty; 47 of sixty and under seventy; 14 of seventy and under eighty; 4 between eighty and ninety. White Females, 328 under five; 278 of five and under ten; 280 of ten and under fiften. 359 of fifteen and under twenty; 629 of twenty and under thirty; 312 of thirty and under forty; 213 of forty and under fifty; 129 of fifty and under sixty; 58 of sixty and under seventy; 25 between seventy and eighty; 9 above eighty and under ninety; one above ninety.. Coloured Population: Males, under ten, 85; ten and under twenty-four 74; of twenty-four and under thirty-six 81; of thirty-six and under fifty-five 44-twelve above fifty-five. Females, 81 under ten; 105 of ten and under twenty-four; 96 of twenty-four and under thirty-six; 54 of thirty-six and under fifty-five; 14 of fifty-five and under one hundred; one above a hundred. Number of persons variously employed; one in mining, fourteen in agriculture, ninety-six in commerce, six hundred and sixty-one in manufactures and trades, one in the navigation of the ocean, thirty-four in the navigation of canals and rivers, fifty-nine in the leared professions and engineers, two revolutionary pensioners, whose husbands performed military services, Anna Maria Keefer, then aged seventy, and Justina Weiser, aged eighty-two, one blind person, three academies and grammar schools, twelve primary schools. Five white persons above the age of twenty who could neither read nor write. There are, according to the census of 1840, three commission houses in foreign trade, with a capital of $23,500; seventy-six retail stores, with a capital of $319,860; five lumber yards, capital $25,000; six coal and wood yards, capital $50,000; twenty-five butchers and packers, employing a capital of $8,800; the manufacture of caps and bonnets, employed a capital of $700; of leather, a capital of $24,600; of beer and ale, a capital of $10,000; eight printing offices, employed 113 hands, and a capital of $73,500; two rope walks, employed a capital of $2,800; thirty-nine hands occupied in making carriages, employed a capital of $3,900; twenty-seven hands employed in making furniture, a capital of $4,650; making a total amount of mercantile and manufacturing capital of $553,660. The following is the amount produced of the several articles of manufacture: Machinery, $2,000; bricks, $7,550 ; tobacco, $4,500; hats, caps, and bonnets, $10,750; boots, shoes, and other leather manufactures, $48,650; candles and soap, $8,000; beer and ale, 465,000 gallons, $10,000; ropes and cordage, $7,000; carriages, $10,600; furniture, $11,700; other manufactures, $74,700; making the total amount of article produced, $195,450. The borough contained about 1300 families (in 1840) averaging six persons to each, who consume on an average, the following amount of articles, to which the cost is added: Butter, 338,000 pounds, cost $50,700; lard, 65,000 pounds $6,500; flour 9,100 barrels $45,500; meat and poultry, 810,000 pounds $73,450: potatoes and garden vegetables $33,800; fruit and articles not enumerated $38,800; milk and cheese $19,500, corn, oats, and buckwheat $16,00; tallow $8,450; hay and straw $6,500; wood 6, 500 cords $26,000; making a total of consumption in the borough, in families to the amount of $321,100; to which should be added, for taverns and boarding houses $38,900; so that the whole market of Harrisburg alone, amounts to $360,000; the supply of which furnishes profitable employment to the inhabitants of the surrounding country. The court house is a large and commodious edifice, which was erected in 1794. It is built of brick, two stories high, |