United States Customs Duties.

A TABLE OF LEADING ARTICLES IMPORTED, CIVING RATE AT ENTRY BY THE TARIFF ACT OF 1897.

N. e. s. indicates "when not elsewhere specified." Tables showing comparison with the Rates by the Tariff of 1883 and the McKinley Tariff of 1890 were printed in THE WORLD ALMANAC for 1895, and the Wilson Tariff of 1894 and the Dingley Tariff of 1897 in the edition of 1898.

*The Dingley Tariff increases rates on women's and children's gloves uniformly 75c. per dozen pairs; on men's gloves the rates are the same as the Wilson rates. (a) Valued at more than 50c. per lb., 33c. per lb. and 40 per cent. ad val. (b) Specific duties ranging from $1.50 to $6 on each article and 35 per cent, ad val. (c) On goods above 40c, and not above 70c. per lb.; duty on goods above ⚫0c. per lb., 44c. per lb. and 55 per cent. ad val. (d) Value $1 per lb., 20c. per lb. and 15 per cent. ad val., with increasing duty of 10c. per lb. for each 50c. additional value up to $2.50; all over $2.50 per lb, 60c. per lb. and 15 per cent, ad val. (e) Wool valued at 12c. per lb. or less, 4c. per lb. ; above 12c. duty is 7c. per lb. (f) Two prices only in Dingley bill, 30c. and less, and above 30c. (g) If not over 10c. per lb. (h) If valued at $150; if more, 25 per cent, ad val. (i) Above 560, 6c. per gal. (j) And 15 to 20 per cent. ad val. () On woollen an additional duty of 44c. per lb. (1) Chemical wood pulp, 1-6c. perlb. () When not above 750, but for every additional degree by polariscopic test, 35-1,000c. per pound additional, and fractions of a degree in proportion.

Articles of merchandise entering the United States from Hawaii and Porto Rico and entering those possessions from the United States are exempt from duty.

The act of Congress approved March 2, 1902, provides that the customs duties on articles entering the Philippines from the United States shall be the same as on those entering from foreign countries. On articles entering the United States from the Philippines the full tariff rates shall be collected, except that a 25 per cent reduction shall be granted on articles produced and grown in the Philippines.

REGULATIONS RESPECTING EXAMINATION OF BACCACE.

Residents of the United States returning from abroad are met by a customs officer to whom they will make a declaration, under oath, stating the number of trunks in their possession, their dutiable contents, etc. A failure to declare dutiable goods renders the same liable to seizure and confiscation, and the owner to fine and imprisonment. Customs officials are forbidden by law to accept "tips. Returning travellers by observing the following precautions will promote a quick and easy examination of their effects: (1) Prepare a detailed list of all articles obtained abroad, with the prices paid therefor or the value thereof, specifying separately articles of wearing apparel and other personal effects, all of which will be appraised at the market price in the country where purchased. (2) If possible keep the original receipted bills for purchases of importance for exhibition at time of appraisal. (3) In packing trunks place all articles purchased in such a position that they may easily be found and shown for appraisement.

All personal effects taken abroad as baggage and brought back in the same condition will be admitted free, but if improved in condition they are dutiable. From the aggregate value of all articles purchased abroad (unless they are intended for other persons or for sale) goods to the value of $100 will be deducted, as that amount of personal property is admitted free of duty.

Government officers are forbidden by law to accept anything but currency in payment of duties. In case passengers are dissatisfied with the value placed on dutiable articles, application may be made to the Collector in writing within two days, and the appraisement will be reviewed by a General Appraiser. @

Passport Regulations.

RULES governing the granting and issuing of passports in the United States:

1. BY WHOM ISSUED.-No one but the Secretary of State may grant and issue passports in the United States.-Revised Statutes, Becs. 4075, 4078,

A person entitled to receive a passport if temporarily abroad should apply to the diplomatic representative of the United States in the country where he happens to be; or, in the absence of a diplomatic representative, to the consul-general of the United States; or, in the absence of both, to the consul of the United States. The necessary statement may be made before the nearest consular officer of the United States.

Application by a person in one of the insular possessions of the United States should be made to the Chief Executive of such possession. The evidence required of a person making application abroad or in an insular possession of the United States is the same required of an applicant in the United States.

2. TO WHOM ISSUED.-The law forbids the granting of a passport to any person who is not a citizen of the United States, or who is not a loyal resident of an insular possession of the United States.

A person who has only made the declaration of intention to become a citizen of the United States cannot receive a passport.

3. APPLICATIONS.-A person who is entitled to receive a passport, if within the United States, must make a written application, in the form of an affidavit, to the Secretary of State.

The affidavit must be attested by an officer authorized to administer oaths, and if he has an official seal it must be affixed. If he has no seal, his official character must be authenticated by certificate of the proper legal officer.

If the applicant signs by mark, two attesting witnesses to his signature are required.

The applicant is required to state the date and place of his birth, his occupation, and the place of his permanent residence, and to declare that he goes abroad for temporary sojourn and intends to return to the United States with the purpose of residing and performing the duties of citizenship therein. The applicant must take the oath of allegiance to the Government of the United States.

The application must be accompanied by a description of the person applying, and should state the following particulars, viz.: Age, years; stature, feet inches (English measure); forehead, ; eyes, ; nose, —; mouth, ; chin, hair,; complexion, -; face, The application must be accompanied by a certificate from at least one credible witness that the applicant is the person he rep. resents himself to be, and that the facts stated in the affidavit are true to the best of the witness's knowledge and belief."

4. NATIVE CITIZENS.-An application containing the information indicated by rule 3 will be sufficient evidence in the case of native citizens. A person of the Chinese race, alleging birth in the United States, must accompany his application with sup porting affidavits from at least two credible witnesses, preferably not of the Chinese race, having personal knowledge of the applicant's birth in the United States.

5. A PERSON BORN ABROAD WHOSE FATHER WAS A NATIVE CITIZEN OF THE UNITED STATES.-In addition to the statements required by rule 3, his application must show that his father was born in the United States, has resided therein, and was a citizen at the time of the applicant's birth. The Department may require that this affidavit be supported by that of one other citizen acquainted with the facts.

6. NATURALIZED CITIZENS.-In addition to the statements required by rule 3, a naturalized citizen must transmit his certificate of naturalization, or a duly certified copy of the court record thereof, with his application. It will be returned to him after inspection. He must state in his affidavit when and from what port he emigrated to this country, what ship he sailed in, where he has lived since his arrival in the United States, when and before what court he was naturalized, and that he is the identical person described in the certificate of naturalization. The signature to the application should conform in orthography to the applicant's name as written in his certificate of naturalization, or an explanation of the difference should be submitted.

7. WOMAN'S APPLICATION.-If she is unmarried, in addition to the statements required by rule 3, she should state that she has never been married. If she is the wife or widow of a native citizen of the United States the fact should be made to appear in her application. If she is the wife or widow of a naturalized citizen, in addition to the statements required by rule 3, she must transinit for inspection her husband's certificate of naturalization, must state that she is the wife (or widow) of the person described therein, and must set forth the facts of his emigration, naturalization, and residence, as required in the rule governing the application of a naturalized citizen. A married woman citizenship follows that of her husband so far as her international status is concerned. It is essential, therefore, that a woman's marital relations be indicated in her application for a passport, and that in the case of a married woman her husband's citizenship be established.

8. THE CHILD OF A NATURALIZED CITIZEN CLAIMING CITIZENSHIP THROUGH THE NATURALIZATION OF THE PARENT.-In addition to the statements required by rule 3, the applicant must state that he or she is the son or daughter, as the case may be, of the person described in the certificate of naturalization, which must be submitted for inspection, and must set forth the facts of emigra tion. naturalization, and residence, as required in the rule governing the application of a naturalized citizen.

9. A RESIDENT OF AN INSULAR POSSESSION OF THE UNITED STATES WHO OWES ALLEGIANCE TO THE UNITED STATES.-In addition to the statements required by rule 3, he must state that he owes allegiance to the United States and that he does not acknowledge allegiance to any other government; and must submit affidavits from at least two credible witnesses having good means of knowledge in substantiation of his statements of birth, residence, and loyalty.

10. EXPIRATION OF PASSPORT.-A passport expires two years from the date of its issuance. A new one will be issued upon a new application, and if the applicant be a naturalized citizen, the old passport will be accepted in lieu of a certificate of naturalization, if the application upon which it was issued is found to contain sufficient information as to the naturalization of the applicant. 11. WIFE, MINOR CHILDREN, AND SERVANTS.-When the applicant is accompanied by his wife, minor children, or servant who would be entitled to receive a passport, it will be sufficient to state the fact, giving the respective ages of the children and the allegiance of the servant, when one passport will suffice for all. For any other person in the party a separate passport will he required. A woman's passport may include her minor children and servant under the above-named conditions. The term servant does not include a governess, tutor, pupil, companion, or person holding like relations to the applicant for a passport.

12. PROFESSIONAL TITLES.-They will not be inserted in passports.

13. FEE. By act of Congress approved March 23, 1888, a fee of one dollar is required to be collected for every citizen's passport. That amount in currency or postal money order should accompany each application made by a citizen of the United States. Orders should be made payable to the Disbursing Clerk of the Department of State. Drafts or checks will not be accepted.

14. BLANK FORMS OF APPLICATION.-They will be furnished by the Department to persons who desire to apply for passports, but are not furnished, except as samples, to those who make a business of procuring passports..

15. ADDRESS.-Communications should be addressed to the Department of State, Passport Bureau, and each communication should give the post-office address of the person to whom the answer is to be directed.

16. REJECTION OF APPLICATION.-The Secretary of State has the right in his discretion to refuse to issue a passport, and will exercise this right towards any one whom he has reason to believe desires a passport to further an unlawful or improper purpose.

Section 4075 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, as amended by the act of Congress, approved June 14, 1902, providing that "the Secretary of State may grant and issue passports, and cause passports to be granted, issued, and verified in foreign countries by such diplomatic or consular officers of the United States, and by such chief or other executive officer of the insular possessions of the United States, and under such rules as the President shall designate and prescribe for and on behalf of the United States," the foregoing rules are hereby prescribed for the grauting and issuing of passports in the United States. The Secretary of State is authorized to make regulations on the subject of issuing and granting passports additional to these rules and not inconsistent with them.

Oyster Bay, New Yons, September 12, 1908.

THEODORE ROOSEVELT,

Preamble.

Legislative powers.

House of Representatives.

Constitution of the United States.

WE, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this CONSTITUTION for the United States of America.

ARTICLE I.

SECTION I. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.

SECTION II. 1. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States, and the electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the inost numerous branch of the State Legislature. Qualifications of 2. No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been Representa- seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.

tives.

tatives.

Apportionment 3. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included withof Represen- in this Union according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persous. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose 3; Massachusetts, 8; Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, 1; Connecticut, 5; New York, 6; New Jersey, 4; Pennsylvania, 3; Delaware, 1; Maryland, 6; Virginia, 10; North Carolina, 5; South Carolina, 5, and Georgia, 3. 4. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.

Vacancies, how
filled.
Officers, how
appointed.
Senate.

Classification of
Senators.

Qualifications of
Senators.
President of the
Senate.

Senate a court

5. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. SECTION III. 1. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote.

2. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation, or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary appointment until the next meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies.

3. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.

4. The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided.

5. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the VicePaesi ent, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States.

6. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose, they shall be for trial of im- on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside; and no peachments. person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. Judgment in 7. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification case of convic- to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under the United States; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to law.

tion.

ElectionsofSenators and Representatives.

Meeting of Con

gress.

Organization of
Congress.

Rule of proceedings. Journals of each House.

SECTION IV. 1. The times, places, and manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to places of choosing Senators.

2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.

SECTION V. 1. Each House shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members in such manner and under such penalties as each House may provide.

2. Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and with the concurrence of two-thirds expel a member.

3. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either House on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal.

Adjournment of 4. Neither House, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more Congress. than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. Pay and privi- SECTION VI. 1. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascerleges of inem- tained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either House they shall not be questioned in any other place.

bers.

offices

Other prohibited.

Revenue bills.

How bills become laws,

2. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of th United States which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been ncreased during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either House during his continuance in office.

SECTION VII. 1. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments, as on other bills.

2. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate shall, before it become a law, be presented to the President of the United States; if he approve, he shall sign it, but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such reconsideration two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered; and if approved by two-thirds of that House it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each House respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their adjournment prevent its return; in which case it shall not be a law.

* See Article XIV., Amendments.

Approval and 3. Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may veto powers be necessary (except on a question of adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and of the Presi- before the same shall take effect shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by twodent. thirds of the Senate and the House of Representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill.

Powers

vested 'n Congress.

Immigrants,

SECTION VIII. 1. The Congress shall have power:

To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defence and general welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States.

2. To borrow money on the credit of the United States.

3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes.

4. To establish an uniform rule of naturalization and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States.

5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and

measures.

6. To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States.
7. To establish post-offices and post-roads.

8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive rights to their respective writings and discoveries.

9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court.

10. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of

nations.

11. To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water. 12. To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years. 13. To provide and maintain a navy.

14. To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces.

15. To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions.

16. To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress.

17. To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular States and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of Government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the Legislature of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dry-docks, and other needful buildings. 18. To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.

SECTION IX. 1. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now existing shall think how admitted. proper to admit shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person.

Habeas corpus.

Attainder.
Direct taxes.

Regulations regarding customs duties.

Moneys, how drawn.

2. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or Invasion the public safety may require it.

3. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed.

4. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken.

5. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State.

6. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one State over those of another, nor shall vessels bound to or from one State be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another.

7. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time.

Titles of nobil- 8. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States. And no person holding any office of profit or ity prohibited. trust under them shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title of any kind whatever from any king, prince, or foreign state. Powers of SECTION X. 1. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation, grant letters of marque and reStates defined. prisal, coin money, emit bills of credit, make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts, pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. 2. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any impost or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws, and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress.

Executive pow

3. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay.

ARTICLE II.

SECTION I. 1. The Executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall er, in whom hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with the Vice-President, chosen for the same terin, be vested. elected as follows:

Electors.

Proceedings electors.

2. Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States shall be appointed an elector.

of 3. [The electors shall meet in their respective States and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign and certify and transmit, sealed, to the seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of Proceedings of the whole number of electors appointed, and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal the House of number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President; Representa and if no person have a majority, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in like manner choose

tives.

Time of choosing electors.

the President. But in choosing the President, the vote shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote. A quorum, for this purpose, shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of votes of the electors shall be the Vice-President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice-President.]*

4. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors and the day on which they shall give their votes, which day shall be the same throughout the United States.

This clause is superseded by Article XII., Amendments.