This Fissured Land: An Ecological History of IndiaUniversity of California Press, 1993年3月31日 - 274 頁 Ecologist Madhav Gadgil and historian Ramachandra Guha offer fresh perspectives both on the ecological history of India and on theoretical issues of interest to environmental historians regardless of geographical specialization. Juxtaposing data from India with the ecological literature on lifestyles as diverse as those of modern Americans and Amazonian Indians, the authors analyze the social conflicts that have emerged over environmental exploitation and explore the impact of changing patterns of resource use on human societies. They present a socio-ecological analysis of the modes of resource use introduced to India by the British, and explore popular resistance to state environmental policies in both the colonial and post-colonial periods. |
內容
1 Change in intensity of different forms | 5 |
Habitats in Human History | 11 |
FIGURES | 19 |
3 Material flows in industrial society | 42 |
TABLES | 60 |
4 Features of social organization | 66 |
TOWARDS A CULTURAL ECOLOGY | 69 |
1 Climatic history of the Indian | 74 |
1 Revenue and surplus of Forest | 136 |
The Fight for the Forest | 146 |
Biomass for Business | 181 |
1 Four stages of industrial forestry | 193 |
2 Forest revenue and surplus selected | 195 |
1 Raw material supply areas of West | 202 |
4 Species and areas allotted to | 205 |
Competing Claims on the Commons | 215 |
Caste and Conservation | 91 |
1 Relative dependence in terms | 99 |
ECOLOGICAL CHANGE AND SOCIAL | 111 |
ILLUSTRATIONS | 230 |
Cultures in Conflict | 239 |
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常見字詞
Agaria agrarian agricultural animals Baigas bamboo belief system Brahman Brandis British caste groups century changes claim commercial communities conflict conservation continued cultural decline Delhi deodar Dhangars Dietrich Brandis district earlier ecological economic elephants Elwin endogamous groups eucalyptus European fodder forest areas forest department forest laws forest management forest policy forest produce forestry fuel Gadgil gatherers grazing Guha habitat harvesting Himalaya human hunter-gatherers hunting impact India Indian Forester Indian subcontinent industrial mode Jainism Jaunsar Bawar jhum Karnataka Kumaun Kunbis labour levels Madras Maharashtra ment modes of resource Nandiwallas natural resources niches nomadic non-cultivated lands officials organization pastoralism peasant period plant plantations plough population population densities Pradesh prescriptions production progs protection r-strategists railway reserved forests resource base restrictions revenue shifting cultivation sleepers social groups species subcontinent subsistence sustainable teak territorial timber tion tonnes tracts traditional trees tribals tropical Uttara Kannada village Western Ghats wood