Interlanguage Phonology: The Acquisition of a Second Language Sound System

acquired adult American analysis appear apply Arabic beginning child claim clusters common considered consonant contrast contrastive analysis correct deletion developmental devoicing difficulty discussed effect Egyptian English epenthesis errors evidence example experience explanation fact factors Figure final foreign formal forms French given hypothesis initial insertion interference interlanguage involved language acquisition language learning learners less linguistic marked mean native language native speakers natural observed obstruents occur patterns percent performance phonetic phonology position possible predict presented processes produced pronunciation question reading REFERENCES relative result rule second language seems segments similar situation sounds speakers speech stops strategy style subjects substitutions suggests syllable structure Table talkers target language Tarone task Thai theory tion tone transfer underlying University values variable variation voiced voiceless vowel words