A History of Central Banking in Great Britain and the United StatesCambridge University Press, 2005年6月6日 - 439 頁 Central banks in Great Britain and the United States arose early in the financial revolution. The Bank of England was created in 1694 while the first Banks of the United States appeared in 1791-1811 and 1816-36, and were followed by the Idependent Treasury, 1846-1914. These institutions, together with the Suffolk Bank and the New York Clearing House, exercised important central banking function before the creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913. Significant monetary changes in the lives of these British and American institutions are examined within a framework that deals with the knowledge and behavior of central bankers and their interactions with economists and politicians. Central Bankers' behavior has shown considerable continuity in the influence of incentives and their interest in the stability of the financial markets. For example, the Federal Reserve's behavior during the Great Depression, the low inflation of the 1990s, and its resurgence the next decade follow from its structure and from government pressures rather than accidents of personnel. |
內容
IV | 1 |
V | 8 |
VI | 9 |
VII | 14 |
VIII | 20 |
IX | 27 |
X | 32 |
XI | 34 |
XXXVIII | 196 |
XXXIX | 211 |
XL | 218 |
XLI | 244 |
XLII | 247 |
XLIII | 256 |
XLIV | 261 |
XLV | 275 |
XII | 47 |
XIII | 60 |
XIV | 62 |
XV | 67 |
XVI | 75 |
XVII | 89 |
XVIII | 96 |
XIX | 101 |
XX | 107 |
XXI | 113 |
XXII | 117 |
XXIII | 120 |
XXIV | 123 |
XXV | 134 |
XXVI | 139 |
XXVII | 153 |
XXVIII | 156 |
XXIX | 158 |
XXX | 166 |
XXXI | 169 |
XXXII | 176 |
XXXIII | 181 |
XXXIV | 184 |
XXXV | 189 |
XXXVI | 191 |
XXXVII | 194 |
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American Bagehot bank notes Bank of England Bank rate bank reserves Bank's bankers Banking System bills borrowing Bretton Woods British Bullion central bank Chairman chancellor charter circulation coin commercial Committee Congr Congress convertibility crisis debt demand deposits Depression devaluation directors discount rate dollar Eccles Economic economists effect exchange rates Exchequer Fed's federal funds rate Federal Reserve Act Federal Reserve Bank Federal Reserve Board Federal Reserve System Fforde FOMC funds gold standard government's Governor History House of Commons Ibid increase inflation interest rates issue Keynes Krooss loans Macmillan million Milton Friedman monetary policy money market national bank open market operations panic paper payments percent political president price level price stability purchases rate of interest Report responsibility restrictions resumption Ricardo rule Secretary Senate sess suspension targets theory tion trade Treasury U.S. Congress unemployment United Volcker wages Walter Bagehot William wrote York