Positive Social Behavior and Morality: Social and personal influences, 第 1-2 卷

action activated affect aggression altruistic arousal asked beliefs Berkowitz bowling game Chapter child cognitive competence confederate consequences cooperation cost of helping degree dependence determine diffusion of responsibility distress donate electric shocks empathy equity evaluation expected experimenter explored feelings females findings greater harm harmdoing havior helping behavior Hornstein important increase influence interaction internal Isen kind lead less locus of control males measure Midlarsky mood moral motives negative experiences norms observers one's orientation outcomes participants perceived perception personal goals personality characteristics Piliavin positive behavior potential presumably prisoner's dilemma prosocial behavior prosocial goal psychological reactance reactions reason received reciprocity relationship relevant request responsibility result rewards role taking scores self-disclosure self-esteem sharing shocks showed significant significantly similar situation social behavior Social Psychology specific Staub stimulus subjects substantially suggested task tion values variation varied verbal Vicarious Reinforcement victim Walster welfare