JER, 第 11 卷

accident additional analysis approximation asset assumed assumption banks capital changes coefficient condition consider consistent consumption correlation cost currency currency composition debt dependent derivatives distribution Economic effect empirical environmental accidents equation equity errors estimates exchange rate expected firm's forecasting foreign function future given hedge higher home firm home government incentive increase industry initial interest rate swaps International investment Journal land learning linear lobbying activity LSTAR marginal mean measures Note optimal output parameters period portfolio positive predictability probability of default problem production profits ratio reduce regime regression relative reported representative respectively response risk sample second period selected shock shows significant specification spillover stage standard deviation statistic stock prices stock returns strategic subsidy substitute suggest swap Table takes term theory tion Trade transition University utility variable