of; (1) religious fasting; (2) swearing by the name of God; (3) and vowing unto him: (4) as also the disapproving, detesting, opposing all false worship; (5) and, according to each one's place and calling, removing it, and all monuments of idolatry. (6)

bind on earth, shall be bound in heaven; and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth, shall be loosed in heaven. And John xx. 23. Matt. xviii. 15, 16, 17.-And if he shall neglect to hear them, tell it unto the church; but if he neglect to hear the church, let him be unto thee as an heathen man and a publican. Cor. v. and chap. xii. 28.

(1) Eph. iv. 11, 12. And he gave some, apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and teachers; for the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ. 1 Tim. v. 17, 18. Let the elders that rule well, be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine. For the Scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn. And, The labourer is worthy of his reward. 1 Cor. ix. 1 to 15.

(2) Joel ii. 12, 13. Therefore also now, saith the Lord, Turn ye even to me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning, &c. 1 Cor. vii. 5.-That ye may give yourselves to fasting and prayer.

(3) Deut. vi. 13. Thou shalt fear the Lord thy God, and serve him, and shalt swear by his name!

(4) Ps. lxxvi. 11. Vow, and pay unto the Lord your God. Isa. xix. 21. Ps. cxvi. 14, 18.

(5) Acts xvii. 16, 17. Now, while Paul waited for them at Athens, his spirit was stirred in him, when he saw the city wholly given to idolatry. Ps. xvi. 4. Their sorrows shall be multiplied that hasten after another god: their drink-offerings of blood will I not offer, nor take up their names into my lips.

(6) Deut. vii. 7. Isa, xxx. 22.

Q. 109. What are the sins forbidden in the second commandment?

A. The sins forbidden in the second commandment are, all devising, (1) counselling, (2) commanding, (3) using, (4) and any wise approving any religious worship not instituted by God himself; (5) the making any representation of God, of all, or of any of the three Persons,

(1) Num. xv. 39. And it shall be unto you for a fringe, that ye may look upon it, and remember all the commandments of the Lord, and do them; and that ye seek not after your own heart, and your own eyes, after which ye use to go a whoring.

(2) Deut. xiii. 6, 7, 8. If thy brother, the son of thy mother, or thy son, or thy daughter, or the wife of thy bosom, or thy friend, which is as thine own soul, entice thee secretly, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which thou hast not known, thou, nor thy fathers;-thou shalt not consent unto him, nor hearken unto him; neither shall thine eye pity him, neither shalt thou spare, neither shalt thou conceal him.

(3) Hos. v. 11. Ephraim is oppressed-in judgment, because he willingly walked after the commandment. Mic. vi. 16. For the statutes of Omri are kept.

(4) 1 Kings xi. 33. Because that they have forsaken me, and have worshipped Ashtoreth, 1 Kings xii. 33. So he offered upon the altar which he had made in Bethel the fifteenth day of the eighth month, even in the month which he had devised of his own heart; and ordained a feast unto the children of Israel: and he offered upon the altar and burnt incense.

(5) Deut. xii. 30, 31, 32. Take heed to thyself, that thou be not snared by following them, after that they be destroyed from before thee; and that thou inquire not after their gods, saying, How did these nations serve their gods? Even so will I do likewise. What thing soever I command you, observe to do it: thou shalt not add thereto, nor diminish from it.

either inwardly in our mind, or outwardly in any kind of image or likeness of any creature whatsoever; (1) all worship of it, (2) or God in it or by it; (3) the making of any representation of feigned deities, (4) and all worship of them, or service belonging to them; (5) all superstitious devices, (6) corrupting the wor

(1) Deut. iv. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves, (for ye saw no manner of similitude on the day that the Lord spake unto you in Horeb, out of the midst of the fire) lest ye corrupt your selves, and make you a graven image, the similitude of any figure.-Acts xvii. 29. Forasmuch then as we are the offspring of God, we ought not to think that the Godhead is like unto gold, or silver, or stone, graven by art, and man's device. Rom. i. 21, 22, 23, 25.-But became vain in their imaginations—and changed the glory of the uncorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man, and to birds, who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen.

(2) Gal. iv. 8. Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods. Dan. iii. 18.

(3) Ex. xxxii. 5. And when Aaron saw it, he built an altar before it; and Aaron made proclamation and said, To-morrow is a feast to the Lord.

(4) Ex. xxxii. 8. They have made them a molten calf, and have worshipped it, and have sacrificed thereunto, and said, These be thy gods, O Israel, which have brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.

(5) 1 Kings xviii. 26, 28. And they took the bullock which was given them, and they dressed it, and called on the name of Baal from morning even until noon, saying, O Baal, hear us, &c. Isa. lxv. 11.

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(6) Acts xvii. 22. Then Paul stood in the midst of Mars-hill, and said, Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are too superstitious. Col. ii. 21, 22, 23. (Touch not; taste not; handle not; which all are to

ship of God, (1) adding to it, or taking from it, (2) whether invented and taken up of ourselves, (3) or received by tradition from others, (4) though under the title of antiquity, (5) custom, (6) devotion, (7) good intent, or any

perish with the using;) after the commandments and doctrines of men? Which things have indeed a show of wisdom in will-worship, and humility, and neglecting of the body: not in any honour to the satisfying of the flesh.

(1) Mal. i. 7, 8, 14. Ye offer polluted bread upon mine altar.-But cursed be the deceiver, which hath in his flock a male, and voweth, and sacrificeth unto the Lord a corrupt thing; for I am a great King, saith the Lord of hosts, and my name is dreadful among the heathen.

(2) Deut. iv. 2. Ye shall not add unto the word which I command you, neither shall ye diminish aught from it, that ye may keep the commandments of the Lord your God which I command you.

(3) Ps. cvi. 39. Thus were they defiled with their own works, and went a whoring with their own inventions.

(4) Matt. xv. 9. But in vain they do worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.

(5) I Pet. i. 18. Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers.

(6) Jer. xliv. 17. But we will certainly do whatsoever thing goeth forth out of our own mouth, to burn incense unto the queen of heaven, and to pour out drinkofferings unto her, as we have done, we, and our fathers, our kings, and our princes, in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem.

(7) Isa. lxv. 3, 4, 5. A people that provoketh me to anger continually to my face; that sacrificeth in gardens, and burneth incense upon altars of brick;-which eat swine's flesh, and broth of abominable things is in their

other pretence whatsoever; (1) simony, (2) sacrilege; (3) all neglect, (4) contempt, (5) hindering, (6) and opposing the worship and ordinances which God hath appointed. (7)

vessels; which say, Stand by thyself, come not near to me, for I am holier than thou. These are a smoke in my nose, a fire that burneth all the day. Gal. i. 13, 14. How that beyond measure I persecuted the church of God, and wasted it; and profited in the Jews' religion above many my equals in mine own nation, being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my

fathers.

(1) 1 Sam. xiii. 11, 12.-I forced myself, therefore, and offered a burnt-offering. 1 Sam. xv. 21. But the people (said Saul) took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the chief of the things which should have been utterly destroyed, to sacrifice unto the Lord thy God in Gilgal.

(2) Acts viii. 18, 19, 22. And when Simon saw that through laying on of the apostles' hands the Holy Ghost was given, he offered them money, &c.

(3) Rom. ii. 22.-Thou that abhorrest idols, dost thou commit sacrilege? Mal. iii. 8. Will a man rob God? yet ye have robbed me. But ye say, Wherein have we robbed thee? In tithes and offerings.

(4) Ex. iv. 24, 25, 26. And it came to pass by the way in the inn, that the Lord met him, and sought to kill him, &c.

(5) Matt. xxii. 5. But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise. Mal. i. 7, 13. Ye offer polluted bread upon mine altar-ye say, The table of the Lord is contemptible-Ye said also, Behold, what a weariness is it! and ye have snuffed at it, saith the Lord of hosts: and ye brought that which was torn, and the lame and the sick.

(6) Matt. xxiii. 13. But wo unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye shut up the kingdom of heaven against men; for ye neither go in yourselves, neither suffer ye them that are entering, to go in.

(7) Acts xiii. 45. But when the Jews saw the mul