The Author adopts Mr. Farmer's hypothefis réfpecting demoniacal poffeffions, and offers fome brief but very cogent reasons in fupport of it *. In the more pathetic part of this difcourfe the Preacher is moderate, but not dull, and withes rather to perfuade by gentle reafoning, than inveigle by extravagant declamation. The latter is that fpurious kind of oratory, which is only calculated to fafcinate the vulgar, but which the wife will ever turn from with contempt and difguft. The former, while it engages the heart, enlightens the understanding; and though its effects may not be violent, they will be lafting; as, where the stream is filent, it is often deep. We shall select one paffage to juftify our approbation of Dr. Scott's fkill in the pathetic. fcribes him. Speaking of the poor lunatic as a forlorn individual,' he thus deHe ftands in the world like a rock in the midst of the vaft Atlantic, the dread and terror of thofe who approach him, and expofed to the fury of his own wild and tempeftuous paffions! Cut off from all the relations and charities of life, he is dead to the joys of friendship, the foft endearments of conjugal tenderness, the inexpreffible, heart-felt yearnings of paternal affection, and every other gentle fympathy which God hath gracioufly ordained, to make our journey through this vale of tears lefs wearifome and painful. In fhort, infanity is the parent of difmal thoughts, diftracting terrors, and horrible apparitions, which not only rob the foul of the sweetest comforts and most endearing connections of human life, but render it alfo incapable of thofe purer and fublimer pleasures which arife from a pursuit of knowledge, an investigation of truth, a communion with God and Chrift, and a stedfast affurance of a glorious and blessed immortality.' Surely the Divine Philanthropist, who went about doing good, could not select fitter objects of his power and compaffion than thefe : nor can we better imitate his example, than by promoting the inftitution for which I am here an advocate; an inftitution founded entirely for the relief of these afflicted, pitiable wretches.' We truft thefe benevolent wishes will produce fomething more than love and esteem for the Preacher who uttered them. III. The Scripture Do&rine of Grace explained in a Commemoration Sermon upon the Converfion of St. Paul. By the Rev. C. De Coetlogon, A. M. 8vo. 6d. Dodfley. 1780. This is a precious banquet for the dear, tender lambs of the Tabernacle. Our high-ftomached rationalifts may have no appetite for fuch fimple food: but babes and fucklings must be fed, as well as ftrong men; and we heartily with their milk may do them good. IV. The Excellency of the facred Writings, illuftrated in a Sermon preached to raise a Subfcription to purchafe Bibles to diftribute among the Navy and Army of Great Britain and Ireland. Addreffed to his Majefty. By Clericus. 1780. 8vo. 6 d. Dodiley. The text is from Mark v. 15. V. The V. The Power of Faith confidered-at St. Ann, Black-Friars, March 19, 1780, for the Benefit of a Society inftituted for the Purpose of diftributing Bibles among his Majefty's Forces by Sea and Land. By William Bromley Cadogan, A. M. Rector of St. Luke's, Chelfea, and of St. Giles's, Reading, and Chaplain to Lord Cadogan. 8vo. 6 d. Rivington. 1780. Mr. Cadogan informs us in his Preface, that a number of religious perfons have entered into an association to furnish his Majesty's army and navy with the brightest ornament and proper badge of a Proteftant, the BIBLE. For them this difcourfe was preached; and to testify my hearty concurrence with them, it is now made public. That foldiers and failors were never more needful than at this alarming crifis, I believe nobody will deny. That they are never completely armed without the ARMOUR OF GOD, deny it who will, I dare to affirm and appeal to Scripture, to reafon, to fact and experience for the truth of the affertion.'- Mr. Cadogan and his coadjutor, Mr. Clericus, alias Coetlogon, have our hearty wishes for their fuccefs in procuring as many Bibles as they can for the ufe of his Majefty's army and navy-as long as they are fatisfied with putting the plain word of God, without enthufiaftical interpretations of it, into the hands of poor illiterate foldiers and feamen. The Bible is fufficient. Here is Mufic (as Mr. Cadogan fays) to which, if we had faith, we might march to eternity.' ་ VI. Liberty Moral and Religious. A Sermon preached before the VII. Civil Liberty. A Sermon preached before the University of Thefe Difcourfes are very logical and very dry. There is a great parade of Ariftotelian ratiocination and refinement in them. The Author's capital object is, to overthrow thofe theories of government which have been generally adopted by writers of the most liberal and independent principles. -we feel The Author of the Letter to Dr. Watfon would perhaps produce the following as a fpecimen, not only of found politics, but of the true fublime. The Mofaic history, confirmed by the best Heathen tellimony (viz. by Ariftotle), gives us a very natural account of the rife and progrefs of fociety from families to tribes, from tribes to nations; feverally dependent, frft on fathers, next on patriarchs, then on governors. Dependency implies power. Be that where it will, it is enough for us that it is; and as Scripture teaches us-from God. We receive it as his gift: we own its influence: its bleffings-whether collected in one ftream, it flow ftrait and rapid, or circulate more flowly with divided current-it is still manifelt a work of God.-Nor does it like the Nile mock our gratitude, and fruftrate all attempt to trace it to its fource, and present the first fruits of its rich exuberance at the fountain head-the house of waters.-'Tis thine, O Power, to ascertain and protect our rights of nature, and ingraft thy penalties on the natural reftrictions of the human will! obfervant of these rights-obedient to these restraints, accordingly accordingly as they are adjusted and fecured by thee-we are free-in any government. But if, with an evil eye, and a false heart, we mistake thefe, and caft off the others-we make malicious ufe of our libertyapoltates from all engagements-to God-or man-or country.' VIII. Chriftian Submiffion to Civil Government: A Difcourfe preached on Jan. 30, 1780, at the Meeting-houfe in St. Andrew's, Cambridge. By Robert Robinson. 8vo. 6d. Buckland. 1780. Another Cambridge orator!-but in almost every refpect the reverfe of the former. Inftead of the dull and crabbed logician, advancing by fhort fteps, we have here a volatile declaimer bounding rapidly on the wings of republican zeal o'er fome of the awful inclofures of Majefty itself. Mr. Robinson hath chofen a text that at first fight makes little for his purpofe. The Sacheverells have univerfally claimed it as their prefcriptive property. But our threwd and ingenious Preacher difputes the validity of that claim; and, with much spirit and plaufibility too, hath refcued it from monarchical oppreffion, and given it liberty to range at large on the republican common. We can pay Mr. Robinson the compliment that Alumnus (the author of Fanatical Divinity expofed) did not merit for his attempt at turning of tables. It is fport to fee the engineer hoift with his own petar." *Romans xiii. -7. SHAK. ERRAT A. A mistake has been difcovered in p. 555, of our laft Appendix, occafioned by the tranfpofition of two or three words. The fenfe will be restored by reading the paffage, corrected as follows: The death of Cardinal Richlieu and of Lewis the XIIIth; the rife, favour, and qualities of Mazarin; and the beginning of the regency of Ann of Auftria,-make an interefting part of the contents of the fixth book. In the fame period, the Frondeurs 1, though fupported by the Parliament, and become mafters of the metropolis, by the famous four des Barricades, are obliged to conclude a peace that was followed by a variety of intrigues, in which the political operations of Mazarin are curious, and well reprefented.'-The feventh, eighth, &c. In the title of Mr. de Luc's Lettres Phyfiques et Morales, &c. (in the fame Appendix) Mr Dodfley's name is by mistake inferted. The work is fold by Mr. Elmfly in London. In our last,—p. 67, in the note, for Mrs. read Mr. Capel Lofft. A name given to the malcontents, or anti-minifterial party. The other party were called Mazarins. THE MONTHLY REVIEW, For SEPTEMBER, 1780. ART. I. Young's Irish Tour. ART. CONCLUDED. See laft Month's MR Review. R. Young's Work, it is to be obferved, is divided into two Parts. In one, the minutes of his journey are regiftered, fimply as they arofe; in the other, they are digested and methodized, fo as to bring the principal correfponding articles of information into the fame point of view. It is this latter Part which is now under confideration. The subject is divided into 24 sections: the first treats of the extent of Ireland; the fecond, of the foil and face of the country; the third, of the average rental. From various deductions, Mr. Young makes it appear, that rents in Ireland are to those of England as two to five. From the next section we learn, that the products in wheat are as nine to twelve; and in barley and oats, as seven to eight or nine. In the fection which follows, and which is a very important one, the state of the tenantry comes under confideration. In Ireland, as in many parts of Scotland, Gentlemen of fortune let their eftates to one man, who is called the Middle man; he re-lets, at a profit rent, to the occupying tenant. This fyftem, which is not without its defenders and advocates, oppreffive and ruinous as it is, Mr. Young reprobates in the ftrongest and most pointed terms, deducing a great part of the mifery and wretchednefs of the common people in Ireland, and, indeed, of the kingdom in general, from this prolific fource. Those who have eftates upon fuch tenure will do well to give this fection an attentive perufal; as also that which follows it, on the labouring. poor. On On this head Mr. Young obferves, that fuch is the weight of the lower claffes in the great fcale of national importance, that a traveller can never give too much attention to every circumftance that concerns them; their welfare forms the broad basis of public profperity; it is they that feed, clothe, enrich, and fight the battles of all the other ranks of a community; it is their being able to fupport these various burthens without oppreffion, which conftitutes the general felicity; in proportion to their eafe is the ftrength and wealth of nations, as public debility will be the certain attendant on their mifery. Convinced that to be ignorant of their state and fituation in different countries, is to be deficient in the first rudiments of political knowledge, I have upon every occafion made the neceffary enquiries, to get the beft information circumftances would allow me. What paffes daily, and even hourly, before our eyes, we are very apt entirely to overlook; hence the furprising inattention of various people to the food, clothing, poffeffions, and ftate of the poor, even in their own neighbourhood; many a queftion have I put to gentlemen upon thefe points, which were not anfwered without having recourfe to the next cabbin; a fource of information the more neceffary, as I found upon various occafions, that fome gentlemen in Ireland are infected with the rage of adopting fyftems as well as thofe of England: with one party the poor are all starving, with the other they are deemed in a very tolerable fituation, and a third, who look with an evil eye on the adminiftration of the British government, are fond of exclaiming at poverty and rags, as proofs of the cruel treatment of Ireland. When truth is likely to be thus warped, a traveller must be very circumfpect to believe, and very affiduous to fee.' Speaking of their provifions, and their manner of fubfiftence, he remarks, that the food of the common Irish, potatoes and milk, have been produced more than once as an instance of the extreme poverty of the country, but this I believe is an opinion embraced with more alacrity than reflection. I heard it ftigmatized as being unhealthy, and not fufficiently nourishing for the fupport of hard labour; but this opinion is very amazing in a country, many of whofe poor people are as athletic in their form, as robust, and as capable of enduring labour, as any upon earth. The idleness feen among many when working for those who opprefs them, is a very contrast to the vigour and activity with which the fame people work when themselves alone reap the benefit of their labour. To what country muft we have recourfe for a ftronger inftance than lime carried by little miferable mountaineers thirty miles on horfes back to the foot of their hills, and up the fteeps on their own? When I fee the people of a country in fpite of political oppreffion with well formed vigorous bodies, and their cottages fwarming with children; when I fee their men athletic, and their women beautiful, I know not how to believe them fubfifting on an unwholefome food. At the fame time, however, that both reafon and obfervation convince me of the justice of these remarks, I will candidly allow that I have feen fuch an excefs in the laziness of great numbers, evea when working for themselves, and fuch an apparent weakness in their exertions when encouraged to work, that I have had my doubts of |