THE

ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA

A

DICTIONARY

OF

ARTS, SCIENCES, AND GENERAL LITERATURE

Ninth Edition-Popular Reprint

VOLUME V.

NEW YORK

HENRY G. ALLEN AND COMPANY

PUBLISHERS

1863.

HARVARD COLLEGE

LIBRARY

Encyclopædia Britannica.-VOL. V.

PRINCIPAL CONTENTS.

CANON. S. DAVIDSON, D.D.. Author of "Introduction to the Old and New Testament."
CANON LAW. WM. FREDERICK HUNTER, LL.B., Advocate.

CANOVA. W. M. ROSSETTI, Author of "Fine Art, Chiefly Contemporary."

CANTICLES. Prof. ROBERTSON SMITH.

CANTON R. K. DOUGLAS, Professor of Chinese, King's College, London.

CAPE COLONY. KEITH JOHNSTON, F. R.G. S.

CAPILLARY ACTION. Prof. CLERK MAXWELL, D.C.L., F.R.S., University of Cambridge,
CARAVAN. W. GIFFORD PALGRAVE, Author of "Eastern Questions," etc.

CARBON. H. E. ARMSTRONG, Ph.D., Professor of Chemistry, London Institution.

CARDS. HENRY JONES.

("Cavendish.")

CARNIVAL. THOMAS ADOLPHUS TROLLOPE.

CARPET. A. WHYTOCK and JAMES PATON.

CARTESIANISM. EDWARD CAIRD, Professor of Moral Philosophy, University of Glasgow.
CARTHAGE. OSCAR BROWNING, Fellow of King's College, Cambridge.

CARTHUSIANS. T. A. TROLLOPE.

CARVING. J. H. POLLEN, South Kensington Museum, London.

CASAUBON. Rev. MARK PATTISON, Lincoln College, Oxford.

CASPIAN SEA. Dr W. B. CARPENTER, C.B.

CASTE. W. C. SMITH, LL.B., Advocate

CASUISTRY. T. M'KINNON WOOD.

CATACOMBS. Rev. Canon VENABLES.

CATEGORY. Prof. ROBERT ADAMSON, Owens College, Manchester.

CATHEDRAL. Rev. Canon VENABLES.

CATO. Very Rev. Dean MERIVALE.

CATTLE JOHN GIBSON, Industrial Museum, Edinburgh.

CATTULLUS. W. Y. SELLAR, LL.D., Professor of Humanity, University of Edinburgh.
CAUCASUS. E. H. BUNBURY.

CAVALRY. Major F. S. RUSSELL, H. M. 14th Hussars.

CAVE. W. BOYD DAWKINS, F.R.S., Professor of Geology, Owens College, Manchester.
CAVOUR. THOS. KIRKUP.

CAWNPUR. W. W. HUNTER, LL.D., Director-General of Statistics to the Government of India.
CELEBES. H. A. WEBSTER.

CELSUS. JAS. DONALDSON, LL.D., Author of "Early Christian Literature and Doctrine

CELTIC LITERATURE. W. K. SULLIVAN, President of Queen's College, Cork.

CEMETERY. A. H. ATTERIDGE.

"

CENSUS. Dr FARR, F. R.S., D.C.L.; and General WALKER, Superintendent of United States Census, Washington.
CERVANTES. HENRY EDWARD WATTS.

CEYLON. J. F. DICKSON.

CHALMERS. W. HANNA, D.D., Author of "Memoir of Chalmers."

CHANNING. W. LINDSAY ALEXANDER, D.D.

CHATEAUBRIAND. RICHARD GARNETT, British Museum.

CHATHAM. W. BROWNING SMITH.

CHATTERTON. Prof. DANIEL WILSON, Toronto.

CHAUCER. W. MINTO, Author of "Characteristics of the English Poets."

CHEMISTRY. Prof. ARMSTRONG, R. MELDOLA, and F. H. BUTLER.

CHESS. W. NORWOOD POTTER, Editor of "City of London Chess Magazine."
CHICAGO. J. B. RUNNION.

CHILI. C. BERTRAM BLACK and FREDERICK WALTERS.

CHINA. R. K. DOUGLAS, Professor of Chinese, King's College, London.

CHOLERA. Dr J. O. AFFLECK, Examiner, College of Physicians, Edinburgh.

CHRISTIANITY. Prof. T. M. LINDSAY, Free Church College, Glasgow.

CHRONICLES. Prof. ROBERTSON SMITH.

CHRONOLOGY. W. L. R. CATES, Joint Author of " Encyclopædia of Chronology."

CHURCH. J. G. CAZENOVE, D.D.

CHURCH HISTORY. R. WALLACE, D.D., late Professor of Church History, University of Edinburg
CICERO. Very Rev. Dean MERIVALE.

CID. HENRY EDWARD WATTS.

CINCINATTI. E. S. DRONE.

CIRCASSIA. E. H. BUNBURY.

CIRCUMCISION. Rev. T. K. CHEYNE, Balliol College, Oxford.

CLARKE, SAMUEL R. FLINT, D.D., Professor of Divinity, University of Edinburgh.

CLEOPATRA. Rev. W. LUCAS COLLINS, M.A., Editor of "Ancient Classics for English Readers