importance to our citizens, and not less novel than they are attractive and interesting.

These volumes are therefore commended to the attentive perusal of all citizens who are anxious for their own domestic comfort and the prosperity of the republic-to all Christians who devoutly pray to the Great Head of the church, "O send out thy light and thy truth!"— and to the blessing of "the Father of lights," who hath graciously promised, Isaiah, lv. 11. "The word that goeth forth out of my mouth, shall not return unto me void, but it shall accomplish that which I please, and it shall prosper whereto I sent it." Even so, Amen!

APPENDIX.

I. POPERY AND JESUITISM,

INCOMPATIBLE WITH CIVIL AND RELIGIOUS LIBERTY.

To understand the consequences of popery in society, and the artifices and the acts of the Jesuits, who are the most resolute and devoted servants of the Roman court, we must become correctly acquainted with the principles of the papal system.

The influence of popery upon the civil institutions of the American' confederated republics, has not hitherto been urged upon the public attention; and the idea, that the Italian pontiff can ever attain any control over this country, during its present organization, is openly and generally ridiculed. It is indispensable, therefore, to unfold the claims of the Roman tyrant, respecting his usurped jurisdiction over all the nations of the earth; and to describe the measures which his chief servants, the Jesuits, are always prepared to adopt and execute, that the authority and exactions of the papal despotism may be extended and prolonged.

It

Popery claims to be infallible; and of course it is every where and always the same. The enactments, bulls, canons, and decretals of all former ages, in the estimation of the pontificate, are equally obligatory now, as during the undisputed predominance of "the Man of Sin." may neither be expedient to assert their validity, nor practicable to enforce them; but though partially dormant among Protestants, they are always ready to be adduced, as the exigencies of the times may permit. There is not a single heresy retracted; not one outrageous usurpation denounced; and not even a persecuting canon, decretal, or bull, nullified. The whole mass of direful pretended legislation remains, in all its assumed supremacy; and is partially reissued, as of permanent and universal force, whenever a favourable opportunity is presented to attack the thoughtless, or to intimidate the ignorant.

To popery and its unholy dogmas, in their spiritual application, this discussion will not advert. The dangerous influence which the extension of Romanism by Jesuitical agents may have upon our country is our topic; and the following principles, which are held by all Papists as infallibly supreme, will elucidate the interesting inquiry, whether Jesuitism can safely be tolerated in the United States?

"The supremacy of the pope," says Bellarmine, "is the main substance of Christianity"-it is therefore indispensable, accurately to

know the character of this principal ingredient of the pontifical government. This fundamental doctrine is thus stated by themselves.

Polus, Card. de Concil. page 91. "Petri cathedram super omnia, &c. Christ hath constituted the chair of Peter, above all imperial thrones, and all royal tribunals."

Blasius, de Rom. Eccles. Dignitat. Tract. 7. pages 34, 83, 85. "Unicus Dei Vicarius Pontifex Romanus, &c. The pope's empire is over all the world, Pagan and Christian; and he is the only vicar of God, who has supreme power and empire over all kings and princes of the earth. As there is one God, the Monarch of all, who presides and rules over all mortals, so there is one vicar of God. Kings ought to be under Peter, and must bow down and submit their necks to him and his successors; who is Prince and Lord of all, whom all emperors, kings, and potentates, are subject to, and must humbly obey."

Boniface VIII. Extravagant. "Omnes Christi fideles, &c. It is necessary to salvation that all Christians should be subject to the Roman pontiff."

Glossa Extrav. Johan. XXII. "Dominus Deus noster Papa. Our Lord God the Pope."

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Bzovius, de Pontif. Roman. Col. Agrip. cap. 1, 3, 16, 32, and 45. Papa est Christianorum Monarcha, &c. The pope is monarch of all Christians. Supreme over all mortals. From him lies no appeal. He is judge in heaven, and in all earthly jurisdiction supreme: and arbiter of the world."

Moscovius, de Majest. Eccles. Militant. lib. 1. cap. 7. page 26. "Pontifex Romanus est Judex, &c. The pope is universal Judge, King of kings and Lord of lords, because his power is of God. God's tribunal and the pope's are the same, and they have the same consistory. All other powers are his subjects. The pope is judged of none

but God."

Mancinus, de Jur. Princip. Rom. lib. 3. cap. 1, 2. "Papa est totius orbis, &c. The pope is lord of the whole world. The pope, as pope, has temporal power. The pope's temporal power is most eminent. All other powers depend on the pope."

Scioppius, Eccles. Jacob. Mag. Brit. Reg. Oppos. cap. 138, 139, and 241. Catholici non tantum Ministerio, &c. The pope's power, as Papists believe, is not only ministerial, but imperial; and supreme, so that he has the right to direct and compel, with the power of life and death. The pope is the supreme vicar of God; and the head of Christ's body."

Maynardus, de Privileg. Eccles. art. 5. sec. 19, 21, 23.; art. 6. sec. 1, 11, 12, 13.; art. 13. sec. 9. "Emperors and kings are the pope's subjects. Emperors and kings may be deposed by the pope for heresy. The pope has power in the whole world, in spirituals and temporals. The pope is vicar of God, and preferred before all powers, as God himself; and every creature is subject to him. It is necessary to salvation to be subject to the pope, and he who affirms the contrary is no Christian. Statutes made by laymen do not bind the clergy."

Simanca, Enchir. Judicum, tit. 67. sec. 12. page 349. "Heretici privati sunt, &c. Heretics are actually deprived of all dominion and jurisdiction, and their subjects are freed from their obedience."

Emanuel Sa, Aphor. Confes. Verb. Cleric. page 41. "Clerici rebel

lio in Regem, &c. If a priest rebel, it is not treason, because clergymen are not the king's subjects."

Ozichovius, in Chimæra, page 99. "Sacerdos præstat regi, &c. A priest excels the king, as much as a man excels a beast. He who prefers a king to a priest, prefers the creature before the Creator."

Corpus Jur. Canonici. Can. Authoritat. 2. Caus. 15. Quest. 6. Part 2. "A fidelitatis etiam juramento, &c. The pope may depose princes, and absolve their subjects from their oaths of allegiance. The pope does by usual authority so absolve subjects from their oaths to their superiors." Can. 3.

Turrecremata, Card. ad Can. Alius, 3. Caus. 15. Quest. 6: and de Eccles. lib. 2. cap. 14. "Papa potest deponere, &c. The pope may depose emperors and kings. The pope may lawfully absolve subjects from their oaths of allegiance. If the king be a manifest heretic, the church may depose him."

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Urbanus II. Papa, Cap. Excommunic. 47. Caus. 23. Quest. 5. apud Gratian. Non sunt homicidæ, &c. They are not homicides, who from zeal for the Roman church kill those who are excommunicated." Paulus IV. Papa, Bull. anno 1558. All Protestants, kings and subjects, are solemnly cursed. This bull is in the canon law, lib. 7. Decret. lib. 5. tit. 3. De Heretic. et Schism. cap. 9.

Lindewood, Glossa, ad Cap. Seculi Princip. Verbo Reconcil. De Immun. Eccles. Excommunicatus est membrum diaboli. Every excommunicated person is a member of the devil.”

Concil. Lateran. sub Innocent III., Can. 43. "Sacri authoritate Concilii prohibemus, &c. The church of Rome expressly declare, that it is unlawful for secular princes to require any oath of fidelity and allegiance of their clergy; and peremptorily forbid all their priests from taking any such oath, if it be required. Corpus Jur. Canon."

Corpus Jur. Canon. Cap. sicut 27. Extrav. De Jurejurando. "Juramentum, &c. No oath against the benefit of the church is binding. All such oaths are perjuries."

Spotswood's Hist. of Scotland, page 308. "If the pope dispense with voluntary oaths, it is valid."

Glossa, ad Dict. Can. 2. Verbo Absolvimus. "Contra jus naturæ, &c. The pope can dispense against the law of nature, and against the apostles."

Pontificat. Roman. De Conservat. Elect. in Episcop. page 57. The bishop swears not to discover the pope's counsels; to defend the pope's royalties; and to hinder every thing prejudicial to the pope.

Extravag. de Immunit. Eccles. All ecclesiastics are exempt from taxes and public contributions.

Filiucius, Moral. Quest. Tract. 16. cap. 11. sect. 307, 309. By the canon law, and the decree of the Lateran council, sub Innocent. Filiucius pronounces, "Excommunicantur, &c. All magistrates who interpose against ecclesiastical persons, in any criminal cause, whether it be even for murder or high treason, shall be excommunicated."

Canon Gregor. IX. Bulla, anno 1580. De foro competenti. "Judex secularis, &c. No secular judge may condemn a clergyman, and if he do, he shall be excommunicated."

It is the authoritative doctrine of the Roman court, that papal ecclesiastics are not subject to the civil laws.

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Panormitan. ad Dict. Cap. Solicitæ. "Imperium sub est, &c. The emperor is bound to obey the priest. The clergy are not subject to the laity, not even to the king. By the law of God the clergy are exempt from the jurisdiction of laymen."

Cajetan, Card. in Aquinat. Quest. 99. art. 3. sect. ad 5. dub. “Persona cujuslibet clerici, &c. The person of every clergyman is sacred, that he cannot be subject to any secular power.'

Colleg. Bononiensis Respons. pro libertat. Eccles. sect. 21, 46, &c. "Reges non habent potestatem, &c. Kings have no coercive power over ecclesiastics. The exemption of the clergy is of divine right; so that they cannot be judged or punished by any secular power.'

The Inquisitors of Spain and Portugal, Index Expurg. Hispan. Madrit. anno 1667; and Index Expurg. Lusitan. Olysip. anno 1624; found in the writings of Chrysostom this sentence: "Sacerdotus principibus jure divino subditi: By the law of God, priests are subject to princes." Those inquisitors, knowing that proposition to be contrary to the Roman doctrine, commanded it to be obliterated. "Deleantur illa verba," say they-erase those words: "so that the church of Rome do maintain, that priests by divine right are not subject to civil governments."

The above writings are established by the authority of the Roman church; and are laws, bulls, decretals, constitutions, and canons, published by their most celebrated authors, approved by inquisitors, or enacted by councils, and sanctioned by popes.

The following paragraphs are extracted from a volume, dedicated "ad S. D. N. Gregorium XIII., Pont. Max.-to our holy Lord Gregory XIII., supreme pontiff;" and published by authority, at Venice, in 1695. The work is entitled, "Directorium Inquisitorum F. N. Eymerici; cum commentariis F. Peniæ, Palatii Causorum Auditoris The Directory for Inquisitors, by F. N. Eymericus, with the commentaries of F. Penia, Auditor of Causes at the Roman Palace." The character of the work may be known from the picture on the title page. An ostrich is represented with a horn in its mouth. The encircling motto is "Nil durum indigestum. Nothing is too hard to be digested. Some of the positions, however, are not very palatable to American citizens.

Directorium Inquisitorum, page 34. Extravag. Boniface VIII. De major, et obedien. "Omnes Christi fideles, &c. It is necessary to salvation, that all believers in Christ should be subject to the Roman pontiff; and that he should judge all, but he can be judged by no man."

Direct. Inquis. pag. 103. Gregorius IX. "Liberantur ab omni obligatione, &c. They who were held bound to heretics are released from every obligation."

Direct. Inquis. pag. 117. Honorius III. "Domino excommunicato, &c. Subjects owe not fidelity to a governor continuing in heresy; but are released from their obligation."

Pag. 146. "Hereticus post mortem, &c.

be accused and condemned."

A heretic after death may

Heretics by law are con

Pag. 166. "Infidelis seu baptizatus, &c. A heretic baptized or not