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ILLUSTRATIONS OF VOL. II-CONTINUED.

Vice-President.

PRESIDENT, NEW CABINET, &c.

PAGE

62. ANDREW JOHNSON, President. 753 69. THADDEUS STEVENS,

63. LAFAYETTE S. FOSTER,

64. HUGH MCCULLOCH,

Secretary of the Treasury.

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65. JAMES HARLAN, Sec. Interior

Chairman Committee on Military Affairs, Senate.

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. 113

345

433

. 737

FIGHT OF THE MERRIMAC AND MONITOR IN HAMPTON ROADS.

VIEW OF FREDERICKSBURG

VIEW OF CUMBERLAND GAP

FORT SUMTER REPOSSESSED BY THE UNION

ILLUSTRATIONS- CONTINUED.

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77 MINE RUN AND THE RAPIDAN 86 CHATTANOOGA, CHICKAMAUGA, &c. 416 88 EAST TENNESSEE-KNOXVILLE, &c. 429 111 FORT PULASKI-GILLMORE'S SIEGE . 457 121 SECESSIONVILLE, S. C. . . 143 CHARLESTON, S. C., AND ITS DEFENSES 467 153 RED RIVER REGION, ALEXANDRIA,&c. 538 156 THE WILDERNESS-GRANT, Lee 567 165 SPOTTSYLVANIA C. H. AND VICINITY. 572 LEE AT BAY ON THE NORTH ANNA 174 COLD HARBOR AND ITS VICINITY 176 RICHMOND AND PETERSBURG RUN 184 DEFENSES of Washington CITY . 604 SHERIDAN IN THE VALLEY OF VA. 609

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PERRYVILLE, OR CHAPLIN'S CREEK. 219 NASHVILLE, TENN.-THOMAS, HOOD 685 IUKA

223 SHERMAN'S MARCH TO THE SEA . . 690 226 SHERMAN'S MARCH THROUGH SOUTH

CORINTH-DEFEAT OF VAN DORN
STONE RIVER, OR MURFREESBORO’. 275
THE YAZOO REGION

CAROLINA

698

. 297 WILMINGTON, N. C.-FORT FISHER. 710

VICKSBURG, JACKSON, YAZOO CITY. 305 LEE'S RETREAT-APPOMATTOX C. H. 729

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THE AMERICAN CONFLICT.

VOLUME II.

I.

TEXAS AND NEW MEXICO.

THE frontiers of Texas, Mexican and savage, were guarded, prior to the outbreak of Secession, by a line of forts or military posts stretching from Brownsville, opposite Matamoras, to the Red River. These forts were located at average distances of one hundred miles, and were severally held by detachments of from 50 to 150 of the regular army. San Antonio, 150 miles inland from Indianola, on Matagorda Bay, was the headquarters of the department, whence the most remote post-Fort Bliss, on the usual route thence to New Mexico was distant 675 miles. The whole number of regulars distributed throughout Texas was 2,612, comprising nearly half the effective force of our little army.

When, soon after Mr. Lincoln's election, but months prior to his inauguration, Gen. David E. Twiggs was dispatched by Secretary Floyd

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from New Orleans to San Antonio, and assigned to the command of the department, it was doubtless understood between them that his business in Texas was to betray this entire force, or so much of it as possible, into the hands of the yet undeveloped traitors with whom Floyd was secretly in league. Twiggs's age and infirmities had for some time excused him from active service, until this ungracious duty-if duty it can be called-was imposed upon and readily accepted by him. Within 90 days after his arrival' at Indianola, he had surrendered the entire force at and near San Antonio, with all their arms, munitions, and supplies, to three persons acting as “Commissioners on behalf of the Committee of Public Safety," secretly appointed by the Convention which had just before assumed to take Texas out of the Union. The

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4 Feb. 1. The Convention met this day at Austin, and at once passed an ordinance of Secession, subject to a vote of the people at an election to be held on the 23d inst.; the ordinance, if approved, to take effect on the 2d of March. Texas was therefore still in the Union, even according to the logic of Secession.

ate service, recently a captain in our army, who had been sent from Montgomery with authority to offer increased rank and pay to all who would take service with the Rebels. His mission was a confessed failure. A few of the higher officers had participated in Twiggs's treason; but no more of these, and no private soldiers, could be cajoled or bribed into deserting the flag of their country.

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Col. Waite was still at San Antonio, when news reached Indianola" of the reduction of Fort Sumter; and Col. Van Dorn, with three armed steamers from Galveston, arrived with instructions from Montgomery to capture and hold as prisoners of war all Federal soldiers and officers remaining in Texas. Maj. Sibley, in command at that port, had chartered two small schooners and embarked thereon a part of his force, when he was compelled to surrender again unconditionally. Col. Waite was in like manner captured at San Antonio, by order of Maj. Macklin, late an officer in our service, under Twiggs; Capt. Wilcox, who made the arrest, an

betrayal was colored, not fairly cloaked, by a slim display of military force in behalf of the sovereign State of Texas, Col. Ben. McCulloch, an original and ardent Secessionist, having undertaken and fulfilled the duty of raising that force and posting it in and around San Antonio, so as to give countenance to the demand for capitulation. It was fairly stipulated in writing between the contracting parties, that our troops should simply evacuate Texas, marching to and embarking at the coast, where their artillery and means of transportation were to be given up, while they, with their small arms, should proceed by water to any point outside of Texas; but these conditions, though made by a traitor in Federal uniform with fellow-traitors who had cast off all disguise, were shamefully violated. Col. C. A. Waite, who, after the withdrawal of Floyd from the Cabinet, had been sent down to supersede Twiggs in his command, reached San Antonio the morning after the capitulation, when all the material of war had been turned over to the Rebel Commis-swering Waite's protest with the sioners, and 1,500 armed Texans surrounded our little band, in the first flush of exultation over their easy triumph. Unable to resist this rapidly augmenting force, Waite had no alternative but to ratify the surrender, dispatching, by permission, messengers to the frontier posts, to apprise the other commanders that they were included in its terms. Collecting and dispatching his men as rapidly as he might, he had some 1,200 encamped at Indianola ready for embarkation, when they were visited by Col. E. Van Dorn, of the Confeder

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simple words, "I have the force." Waite, and a few officers with him, were compelled to accept paroles not to serve against the Confederacy unless regularly exchanged.

Of course, the forces at the several posts protecting the frontiers of Texas, being isolated and cut off from all communication with each other, or with a common head-quarters, fell an easy prey to the Rebels. A part of them were commanded by officers in full sympathy and perfect understanding with the Texas conspirators for Secession, who, by means of the se

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