Tseng Kuo-fan: Pioneer Promoter of the Steamship in China

arrived barbarians boats built Bureau Canton Cantonese Ch'ing Shih Charles Gutzlaff Chekiang Chin keang chüan chüan 33 construction Court defence Diary drilled Emperor Empress Dowager engine experience foreign guns Gutzlaff Hsiang Hsien Feng Period Hsü Shou Hunan Hung-chang Hupeh Ibid imitation of foreign Imperial interest John Fryer Kiangnan Arsenal Kwangtung later Li Hung-chang Liang LIBRARY Lin Tse-hsü London machinery manufacture mathematics mechanics memorial military Nanking native navy Nien Pu North China Herald officials Opium Opium War Peking percussion guns proposal purchase river sail sent Shan-lan Shanghai Shih Kao ships shipyard Shu Cha soldiers steam vessels steamers steamship students abroad T'u Chih T'ung Chih Period Taiping Rebellion Taiping rebels Tao Kwang Tien Chih Tientsin tion translation Tseng Kuo-fan Tseng Wen-cheng Kung Tsou Tung Wen Kuan UNIVERS UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Viceroy visit to Shanghai weapons Wei Yuan western Wu Shih Mo Wylie Yangtse Yi Wu Shih Yung Wing