exageration to say, that a failure on the part of the government to make provision for the payment of these demands would seriously embarrass many of our citizens, and in some instances would be attended with absolute ruin. The printers, for instance, whose claims amount to some thousands of dollars, and who have actually expended thousands for the Territory, are yet unpaid. They rely, however, as heretofore, on the justice of Congress; and I sincerely hope, when your committee learns the necessity of the case, that you will not allow their hopes to be disappointed.

The Secretary of the Treasury calls upon the Governors of the Territories for estimates for the expenses for the succeeding year, and an estimate is submitted, usually in round numbers. But it is as impossible to calculate the expenses of government in this Territory, for a particular year, as it is to calculate to the precise dollar the expenses of Congress; and there would be quite as much justice in withholding pay from the creditors of the general government, when the expenses exceed the estimates, as to do so to citizens of Iowa, merely because the Territory has exceeded the appropriation. The appropriations of Congress, for several years past, show that it has never been expected of the Territories that they would confine their expenditures within the limits of the appropriation; for, as is asked for in the present case, additional sums have been appropriated at almost every session within the last ten years to defray expenses incurred by previous legislatures. It has been so in regard to Wisconsin every year since her organization, and it was also so in the case. of Iowa last year. Why a similar course should not be pursued the present year, I am at a loss to conceive. The expenses of the Territory have been about the same as usual, and will not much, if any, exceed those of Wisconsin and Florida.

The citizens of Iowa, during the last year, have paid into the national Treasury about a million of dollars for public lands; and an equally large amount will no doubt be contributed by them during the present year. Is it too much, then, for the Territory to ask of Congress, her guardian, an appropriation of money sufficient to dis

charge honest, just and necessary claims against her, held by numerous and needy individuals?

Very respectfully,

JAMES CLARKE

Secy of Terrytory

CONTRIBUTORS

EDMUND CHRISTIAN NELSON, Fellow in History at The State
University of Iowa. Born in Haugesund, Norway. Gradu-
ated from the Iowa State Normal School in 1897. Received
from The State University of Iowa the degree of Ph. B. in 1904
and the degree of M. A. in 1905. At one time Principal of
Luther College, Racine, Wisconsin. For three years Principal
of Scandinavia Academy, Scandinavia, Wisconsin.

CHARLES ALDRICH, Curator of the Historical Department of
Iowa, and Editor of the Annals of Iowa. Member of the State
Historical Society of Iowa. Born at Ellington, New York,
October 2, 1828. Founded The Hamilton Freeman (Webster
City, Iowa) in 1857. Served in the Civil War as Adjutant of
the Thirty-second Iowa Infantry. At one time Chief Clerk of
the Iowa House of Representatives. Member of the Nineteenth
General Assembly of Iowa (1882). Founded the Historical
Department of Iowa in 1892.

CLARENCE WYCLIFFE WASSAM, Instructor in Economics and
Sociology at The State University of Iowa. Secretary of the
Iowa State Conference of Charities and Correction. Member
of The State Historical Society of Iowa. Born in Black Hawk
County, Iowa, in 1877. Graduated from the Iowa State Normal
School in 1900 with the degree of M. Di. Received from The
State University of Iowa the degree of Ph. B. in 1903 and the
degree of M. A. in 1904.- At one time Fellow in Economics
and Sociology at The State University of Iowa.

THE IOWA JOURNAL
of History and Politics

APRIL Nineteen Hundred Six
Volume Four
Number Two