The Free-trade Movement and Its ResultsBlackie, 1898 - 244 頁 |
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Adam Smith adopted advantage agitation agriculture amount argument bounties Britain British butter Canada capital causes cent century Chartists cheap circumstances classes Cobden Colonies commerce competition consumers consumption corn Corn-laws cost cotton decline defence demand distress doctrine economic effect employment England exchange exports fact farmers farming favour federation foreign trade France Franco-German war Free-trade freedom gained Germany gold Government home industry House of Commons imports imposed increased India interests labour laissez-faire land League legislation Lord Lord John Russell loss machinery manufactures markets means ment mercantilist methods millions monopoly nations natural Navigation Acts Parliament Peel period political population ports principle produce profits progress prohibitive prosperity Protectionist protective duties quarter raw materials reduced reform rents repeal restrictions revenue secure suffered sugar supply tariff taxation tion treaty United Kingdom wages wealth Wealth of Nations wheat wool woollen Zollverein
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第 98 頁 - The shoemaker does not attempt to make his own clothes, but employs a tailor. The farmer attempts to make neither the one nor the other, but employs those different artificers. All of them find it for their interest to employ their whole industry in a way in which they have some advantage over their...
第 32 頁 - To expect, indeed, that the freedom of trade should ever be entirely restored in Great Britain, is as absurd as to expect that an Oceana or Utopia should ever be established in it.
第 31 頁 - Gold and silver having been chosen for the general medium of circulation, they are, by the competition of commerce, distributed in such proportions amongst the different countries of the world, as to accommodate themselves to the natural traffic which would take place if no such metals existed, and the trade between countries were purely a trade of barter.
第 30 頁 - Each nation has been made to look with an invidious eye upon the prosperity of all the nations with which it trades, and to consider their gain as its own loss. Commerce, which ought naturally to be, among nations as among individuals, a bond of union and friendship, has become the most fertile source of discord and animosity.
第 33 頁 - Country gentlemen and farmers are, to their great honour, of all people, the least subject to the wretched spirit of monopoly. The undertaker of a great manufactory is sometimes alarmed if another work of the same kind is established within twenty miles of him.
第 89 頁 - Let us then unite to put an end to a system which has been proved to be the blight of commerce, the bane of agriculture, the source of bitter divisions among classes, the cause of penury, fever, mortality, and crime among the people.
第 98 頁 - The farmer attempts to make neither the one nor the other but employs those different artificers. All of them find it for their interest to employ their whole industry in a way in which they have some advantage over their neighbors and to purchase with a part of its produce. or what is the same thing, with the price of a part of it, whatever else they have occasion for. What is prudence in the conduct of every private family can scarce be folly in that of a great kingdom.
第 34 頁 - It is not impossible, therefore, that some of the regulations of this famous act may have proceeded from national animosity. They are as wise, however, as if they had all been dictated by the most deliberate wisdom. National animosity at that particular time aimed at the very same object which the most deliberate wisdom would have recommended, the diminution of the naval power of Holland, the only naval power which could endanger the security of England.
第 75 頁 - CHILD, is thy father dead ? , \ Father is gone ! Why did they tax his bread ? God's will be done ! Mother has sold her bed ; Better to die than wed ! Where shall she lay her head ? Home we have none ! Father clamm'd thrice a week, God's will be done ! Long for work did he seek, Work he found none.
第 98 頁 - What is prudence in the conduct of every private family, can scarce be folly in that of a great kingdom. If a foreign country can supply us with a commodity cheaper than we ourselves can make it, better buy it of them with some part of the produce of our oWn industry, employed in a way in which we have some advantage.