stood me. If I have dwelt upon the amiable foibles of our late friend, it is because I feel that they were the redundancy of a kind and gentle disposition. They served to enhance, instead of diminishing, the love which his sterling worth inspired.

Of beauty. 'Midst them like a star she shone,
Or a pure lily born in dewy air;

Or rose the moment of its opening-None
Could look on her, but wish'd to look ou her alone.

A SABBATH SCENE.

By Allan Cunningham.

GLAD to man's heart comes Scotland's Sabbath morn,
When every sound save nature's voice is still—
Mute shepherd's song-pipe, mute the harvest horn-
An holier tongue seems given to stream and rill.
Old men climb silent up the cottage hill,
There ruminate, and look sublime abroad,

DIARY OF A JOURNEY FROM MADRAS TO
MASULIPATAM.

Monday, PARTED at four in the afternoon from my Sept. 27, 1824. dear aunt, and drove six miles out of Madras with my uncle in his carriage. Ou coming up to my palanquin and servants, who had set out before me, I of 300 miles from the Presidency, surrounded by natives took leave of him, and set out for Masulipatam, a distance only. Bearers had previously been posted for me all the way, and each collector sent his Pions to guard ma through his district, and procure any thing I wanted at the choultries, where I had to pass the day. I was acthe party except myself who could speak English. She was conveyed in a dooley, which is an inferior sort of And from this gross earth rise, and give themselves to palanquin, in which all my provisions were stowed; and

Shake from their feet, as thought on thought comes companied by a native female attendant, the only one of still,

The dust of life's long, dark, and dreary road,

God.

The warning bell hath o'er the parish rung,

also her daughter, a girl of fourteen, whom she crammed in, and who proved afterwards not the least useful of the company.

My separation from those dear friends, who had so

Grove, glade, and glen, sound with the solemn strain. completely won my affections, and the novelty and strangeWide at the summons every door is flung, And forth devout walks many a hoary swain, Their meck wives with them; while. a gayer train, Their daughters come and gladden all the road, Of laughing eyes, ripe lips, long ringlets vain→ Young men, like lambs upon spring's sunny sod, Come light of foot and heart, and seek the house of God.

I loved much in my youth down dale and gleu,
Upon the morn of the Lord's day, to look;
For all the land pour'd forth its stately men,
Its matrous with staid steps and holy book.
Where'er a cottage smoked, or flow'd a brook,
Or rose a hall, or tower'd a castle gray,
Youth left its joys, old age its care forsook,
Meek beauty grew, and look'd sedately gay,
Nor at her shadow glanced as she went on her way.

Lo! see yon youth-clad as the season's clad
In homely green-he loves with aged men
To come conversing-hears sedately sad
Tales from their lips, which 'scaped historic pen,
And linger still in dale and pastoral glen.
O much they talk, upon their kirkward way,
Of holy martyrs, who by flood and fen
Fell 'neath the persecutors' swords a prey-

ness of my situation, so distracted my thoughts on the evening of my departure, that I could fix my attention to no occupation. I did not, indeed, even make the attempt, but allowed my mind to pursue its reveries. About six o'clock, when it became dusk, I had my palanquin set down, and ordered away the Pions, bearers, and the musalchee (torch-bearer.) I then performed my ablutions; had my hair combed, brushed, and curled; undressed; made up my palanquin, and went to bed for the night. When all this was accomplished, which was just done in the road, the ayah called the people together, and again I pursued my journey. During that night, I travelled sixty-one miles, with two sets of bearers, but the same Pions all the way; and, about ten this Tuesday, 7 morning, reached the Nayour Choultry, where the 28th. I am just now seated.

A choultry is merely an open building for the use of travellers; and as few have more than one room, (if, indeed, it deserves the name,) all who come seek shelter in it during the day from the burning rays of the sun. I am lucky enough to find this one empty to-day; but know that a Sir Ralph Rice, to whom I have been introduced, is going part of my way, and intended to leave Madras on the same day. I expect him, therefore, every moment, and have bathed and dressed in a great hurry, lest he should have come whilst I was thus engaged. All is now over, however. I have finished my toilet, put every thing in order, taken my breakfast, and am quite

They point toward their graves, and seem in thought to ready to receive him-though where I shall go while he is

pray.

And see yon maiden, beauteous as a beam,
Stray'd from the sun upon creation's morn ;
Pure as the daylight in yon crystal stream
By which she walks-pure as the bladed corn
Begemm'd with dews, and ripening to be shorn—
Her looks the greensward lighten all, her feet
Seem winged things, and from the ground upborne-
Birds sing new songs such loveliness to greet :-
She's lovely, and in love—which makes her doubly sweet.

I saw her in the church. Men's eyes forsook
The sacred page to gaze upon her there;
Young hearts with awe were for the first time strook,
And even the preacher in his parting prayer
Shut his grave eyes, and warn'd them to beware

dressing, I know not. I suppose I must just stay in my palanquin, and shut all the doors and windows, which will be much the same as stewing myself in an oven.

The country through which I passed in the night was, as far as I could see, much the same as in the neighbourhood of Madras-flat, sandy soil, without a vestige of vegetation on it, but some rows of palm-trees, which have much the same effect as Scotch firs, giving the country all that bleak and barren appearance which they do. Here and there I saw a few fine banyan and tamarind-trees, the shade of which the natives seemed willing to take advantage of, by raising under them some mud cottages, or by planting their movable ones there, which are constructed of cocoa-nut leaves, and are quite light, and easily transported wherever they go.

The only thing I do not like in Indian travelling, is the little use you can make of your pencil. The only time when it is cool enough for sketching, is that in

lage, he succeeded in making known what he wanted, and though the just number of twenty-four could not be procured, sixteen undertook to carry me and my ayah to the next place where bearers were posted. By slow degrees we reached the next station, and then Nellore, with no other inconvenience than the delay obliging us to be two hours longer exposed to the heat, which was this morning excessive. We have, however, got into a good house instead of a choultry. A Mr S, a friend of my uncle, has received us. particompany this evening from my fellow-traveller, who is quite done up with fatigue, while I am quite fresh,

to

Nellore is a small ursue my journey. boast of and com Last stage I passed

European

the want

two years

neat

༼as

consisting of about four any beauty of scenery to

called Naggery: it is the t met with, and therefore

a range of rather pretty hills,
only rising ground I have yet
the more grateful to the eye. Some other parts of the
country looked as if they would have been pretty but for
which has not fallen in this district for
variety of shrubs and trees was so great
I could almost I was travelling through a shrub-
bery, laid out with studied negligence, and a very pretty
one it would have been.
Thursday, I wish my dear friends at home had a peep
the 30th. S of me just now. I am seated in a pretty little
choultry, so comfortable, though far from a human crea-
ture of my own country, engaged in writing in my palan-
quin-which is quite a house sin miniature, containing
every thing I have any occasion for, with a shelf before
me on which stand, my drawing box and materials for
sketching, my work-box, a dong range of books, and my
desk. With this pleasing sight, I do not dread any want
of occupation, and, though alone, am not in solitude.

I had these leaves put up in front, to keep the people from seeing meatierung zu las dorder ne satin pusta, Wednesday,} I had not written more than a sheet to the 29th. my uncle and this journal, when Sir Ralph arrived. Finding that I had taken possession of the choultry, he made the best dressing room he could of that large tree; and then paid his respects to me, de found he had only had a biscuit and some wine and water for his breakfast; so opening my coffers, I made and sup plied him with one of a more suitable kind, which, of course, he gallantly pronounced to be the best he had ever tasted. I was much vexed at his remaining with me the remainder of the day, as I had planned out so much for the occupation of each hour. It was however some con I left that kind family, the Ss, last night, at six, and solation that he was an agreeable companion, I took out again passed through a country devoid of every beauty. my work and employed myself in that way, while heIt is astonishing to me how the bearers find their way, chatted and amused me. Whe When the dinner hour came, the scene was most amusing. We both took out our stores, and made a dinner table of the top of my palan quin. I was much better supplied with good things, such as fruit, biscuit, and the like, than he was; but on his part were produced the more substantial, eatables, cold beef and mutton. After a sumptuous repast, seasoned with good appetites and much merriment, we got into our palanquins, and, about five in the afternoon, started together for Nellore. #ts & 901 DAVAO *. bob My book was not neglected so much this evening as the preceding; and, for nine miles, I had enjoyed the companionship of Johnson's Lives of the Poets, when an impediment came in my way, which threatened to stop my journey. On arriving at a small village called Nai doopot, where I expected a new set of bearers, I found those posted for me had set off with themselves to a native feast, and my old ones could go on no farther. Sir Ralph with much spirit harangued the whole, multitude which had gathered around us, and had emptied, every cottage of man, woman, and child. Unfortunately, although he knew a few words of every Oriental language, in not one could he make himself intelligible. The natives bawled out, as is their custom, every one at once; so that had every on my old champion been able to explain, what he meant, his voice must nevertheless have been drowned amidst the clank of voices: for, as he remarked, no, Tower of Babel could equal this confusion of tongues,

ROP

to While there was yet some hope of my bearers making their appearance, I had set about making myself comfort, able for the night; and I was now in my nightcap and nightgown--the latter covered with a long dressing-gown -my body half out of the palanquin, hallooing (loudly of course) to Sir Ralph; intreating that he would speak to one person at a time, and that through an interpreter, for as yet no one knew what he wanted, and the people must have taken him for a madman. At last, after summoning the amildar (native magistrate) of the vil

I here found Pions waiting to forward me. cured milk, eggs, and butter, which, added to my own provisions, made a breakfast not to be despised by a less keen appetite than mine then was. After a refreshing bath in water really almost as cold as if it had been iced, and after finishing my dressing and breakfast, I sat down, as usual, to my desk, and have been busy writing ever since. My Pion has just announced dinner, and there is laid out on the top of my palanquin, curry and rice, made by my ayah, a cold fowl, a mango tart, two different sorts of biscuits, sweet cakes, dried tamarinds, dates and figs, oranges and plantains, and my bottle of wine. I shall not starve this day at least.

The country surrounding the choultry is a monotonous plain of sand. The building itself stands on a slight eminence-not a bush or a tree near it; but, compared with that in which I spent the day with Sir Ralph, it is quite a superb building. How repugnant to the feelings of a Briton is the sight at present before me! There are some dozens of people lying all their length prostrate before me on the ground. They are beggars, and seem, indeed, objects for charity; they look as if they had not tasted food for a week.

Friday, I am now at Ongale, which I reached October 1st. this morning by three o'clock; being only a run of thirty-three miles. I remained in my palanquin, within the choultry, and slept till five; when, after dressing, I took a pretty long walk into the village, and returned to breakfast at seven, quite ready to do it all justice. This is the prettiest place I have come to, being well wooded, and not so barren as the other districts I have passed through; but I see the country to great disadvantage, as it has not had any rain for two years, and is consequently almost completely parched up-so much so as to put a stop to agriculture all over the Carnatic last season, and, in all probability, for this one too, if the Monsoon, now expected, should fail them.

Saturday, After some trouble, and a good deal of annoythe 2d. Sance I am safely landed at Guntoor, at the house of a Mr W. Captain M. has just arrived, to return and accompany me the last stage of my journey. Yesterday evening I left Ongole at three, in order to be here early this morning; but was delayed on the road by my second set of bearers, who seeing a female alone, were determined to take advantage of it, and get what money they could of me. Perceiving some demur among them, and that they were not preparing to go on with me, I asked the cause of the stoppage, and was answered that they had had no rice for two days, and that unless " Mistress please give them some money," they could not go on. I saw what was their object, and felt, that if they succeeded, they would have the upper hand. This I was in no wise disposed to allow, and therefore resolutely refused their demand. For a whole hour and a half I lay in my palanquin on the road, with a crowd of people round me; till at last, fearing I might be left there all night, and not have a place to go to during the day, although determined not to yield, I saw it was necessary to get on. Threatening the boys, by telling them I would write to the collector of their district, who has the power of punishing them, I found to be of no avail; not one would move till I gave them money. I therefore, as a last expedient, sent a man to the first village, for the cutwall of the place, (this is the designation of the native who has the most influence,) and to him I made my complaint, desiring him to procure other boys for me, since these would not go on. But that was unnecessary

I met last night with an instance of Indian politeness which I must recount. About ten I was awakened from my slumbers, by a great, consequential-looking butler, accompanied by several Pions and boys, (equivalent to footmen at home,) who had prepared, at their master's orders, a magnificent entertainment for me. On the road was a table, with a display of tea, coffee, fruits, cakes, and wine, on the one side, and a supper of cold meat and different things on the other. It was with the-the sight of the cutwall was sufficient to set my friends utmost difficulty I could get away without partaking of some of these good things; but I was already so well supplied, that there was no occasion for more. I knew nothing about the gentleman; and should have wondered

in motion. They took up my palanquin, and set off, jolting me at a great rate by way of revenge; but as I gave no indications of annoyance, and as they quickly found this method of testifying their spite troublesome to

regiments to retire, naming the place at which we were to re-assemble. He had scarcely gone, when Colonel Benkendorf rode up to the top of the hill, and coming back with a red face, called out, The enemy is coming; those who wish may retire; but let all brave fellows follow me!' So we all followed him, because we were all brave fellows. We Saxons rushed in upon the infantry, and cut them to pieces. The Austrian regiment,

St Ignon, which stood by us, followed our example; and so, by degrees, the whole of Nadasty's cavalry. The battle was won (recovered); if we had followed the aide-de-camp's order, it would have been utterly lost. Now the grand problem is, Whether, if Colonel Benkendorf had not finished the last bottle, he would have taken this daring step? I say, quod non; because it yet always annoys me to think, that in the most extreme anxiety of my stomach, the man should eat and drink before my nose, without taking the least notice of me and my wants. Thus is the victory of Kollin, like many thousand other great events in this world, to be attributed to the bottle."

The justice of this conclusion we hold to be quite indisputable, nor do we see the least reason to doubt the verity of the fact from which it is deduced. In war marvels are of so frequent occurrence, that nothing ought of itself to be accounted incredible. Besides, there is unquestionable evidence, that the change in the fortune of the day was mainly, if not altogether, owing to the exertions of the Saxon colonel, whatever may have been the immediate and exciting cause of his heroism. "The most important events," says Tempelhoff, "frequently take their rise from the merest trifles, as was the case in this battle. Had it not been that Lieutenant-Colonel Benkendorf, of the Saxon regiment of cavalry, happened to observe that the ground between Kretzocor and the wood could not be maintained by cavalry, and that General Nadasty perceived the justice of the remark, and that infantry were ordered to take up the ground, the cavalry would, in all probability, have been routed by General Zeithen; and General Halser, when he had taken possession of the village of Kretzocor, might have taken their army in flank and rear. Jomini, following Tempelhoff, makes a similar remark, but, like his predecessor, is silent as to the immediate cause of Colonel Benkendorf's inspiration. This, however, is no impeachment of Brettschneider's veracity; and, for our own part, we firmly believe, that if the colonel had not devoured the ham and emptied the garde-du-vin, as above stated, the battle of Kollin would have been irretrievably lost.

come when the valour of our countrymen will need any artificial stimulus, however great may be the difficulties, and however severe the trials, to which they are exposed. The stout heart, the cool head, and the resolute hand, for our money.

VERNAL HOURS.

By John Malcolm.

THE Spring, the blessed Spring!
Angel of love and light,

Comes down again from heaven, to bring
A balm to nature's blight-

To smile the winter o'er the waves,
And strew with flowers a world of graves.

The buds are on the tree,

And the birds are on the wing,
And many a long-lost melody

Awakes to welcome Spring-
Glad music breaks from loosen'd rills,
And flocks bleat out upon the hills.
E'en as in Eden's day

Earth owns a present God,
For in the calm and vital ray,

His spirit walks abroad;
And while with songs the bowers rejoice,
We, in the garden, hear his voice.
Yet Spring hath her alloy-

A thing of smiles and tears-
And oft upon her reign of joy

Rise shades of other years;
And other flowers that with her bloom
Blend the pale death-tints of the tomb.
Oh! then, while tranced away,

In memory's dream we stand,
It soothes the heart to list the lay
Of this our Scottish land,
That from the hills at eve exhales,
Or weeping music of our vales.
Wild, woful, incomplete,-

As in the realm of sound,
To mate with aught so sadly sweet

No second part was found-
As, ere the wail by sorrow woke
Had reach'd its close, the heart had broke.
How oft, beneath the star

Of eve, such anthems come
On exiled men, in lands afar,

Singing the spirit home,

And wakening in the heart forlorn
The mystic joy of sorrow born.

LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES OF
EDINBURGH.

WERNERIAN SOCIETY.

Saturday, March 19, 1831.

There is a world of courage in a single bottle, to say nothing of a whole case, which Benkendorf appears to have drained on this occasion; nor have there been wanting instances where it has been judged expedient to administer a still more potent stimulus than wine, prior to attempting difficult and hazardous enterprises. On the 16th May, 1796, Bonaparte having ordered the bridge of Lodi to be stormed, the French grenadiers and carabineers selected for this service drank deep of brandy, and then obeyed the commands of their chief, under a shower of grape-shot. At the battle of Alexandria, on the 21st March, 1801, the French regiment of Invincibles, destined to penetrate the first line of the British, and, if possible, to establish themselves among some ruins in the rear, were prepared for the enterprise by an extra allowance of brandy, which many of them had imbibed so freely that, when they were surrounded and forced to lay down their arms, the effects of the dose was sufficiently visible on PROFESSOR JAMESON read a notice of a subterranean their walk and conversation. Soult employed similar forest, discovered in the coal-formation, near to Glasmeans to inflame the valour of his young conscripts, in gow, communicated by James Smith, Esq. of Jordanbill. 1813, when he attacked with so much fury the British It would be difficult to give our readers a clear idea of the positions on the Pyrenees, and so nearly succeeded in phenomena described, in the absence of the sketches which effecting his principal object of raising the siege of Pam- accompanied the notice. Several trees were discovered many feet below the surface, vertically imbedded in a stratum of peluna. At the same time, with all due respect for Co- sandstone, but with the trunks abruptly cut off by the sulonel Benkendorf and his bottle, we cannot help think-perincumbent shale. The bark was converted into coal, ing that this is a practice more honoured in the breach but the woody structure, for a considerable space downthan the observance; and we trust the time will never wards, was become of a shaly nature.

DR GREVILLE in the Chair.
Present,-Professor Jameson; Drs Scot, Gillies, Adam,
Coldstream; Messrs Witham, Stevenson, Neill, Stark,
Steuart, Duncan, &c.