Abolition of slavery, vote of the House,
344; in District of Columbia, 433.
Accidents, railroad, 382.

Act: a decision of a legislative body; a
law of a State, or of the United States.
Acts of Assembly, laws of Pennsylvania
are so called, 85.

Adams, John, chosen President in 1797,
281.

Adams, John Quincy, chosen President

by House of Representatives, 282; a
minority President, 284; not popular,
but nearly chosen in 1828, 413.
Adjournment: the putting off until an-
other day or time specified, or with-
out day; the recess or interval during
which a public body suspends its
sittings or postpones business; power
of the two houses in regard to, 94; of
the Legislature, by the Governor, 100.
Adjutant general of Pennsylvania, 108;
of the United States, 296.
Administration, defined, 294.
Administrator: a person appointed by
the orphans' court to manage and set-
tle the estate of a deceased person.
Admission of new States, 323; of Okla-
homa, 419.

Affirmation: a solemn declaration, made

under penalties of perjury, by persons
who decline to take an oath.
Agriculture, secretary of, in Pennsyl-
vania, 105; Secretary of, in Cabinet,
293, 301.

Alabama, limitation of suffrage in, 434.
Alaska, District of, 324.

Aldermen in cities, 61, 64.
Alien, defined, 19.

Allegheny, united with Pittsburg, 58.
Allegiance to the United States, 349.
Alliance: a union between two or more
nations by treaty or contract, for

their mutual benefit; States cannot
make separately, 271.
Almshouses, 48, 80.

Altgeld, Governor of Illinois, 327, 416.
Ambassador, 302, 303; appointment,

289; foreign received by the President,
289; represent the person of the ruler,
303.

Amendment: an addition or change
made in a constitution or in a bill or
other instrument during the process
of legislation.

Amendments, to State constitution, how
made, 222; recent, 223; to the Fed-
eral Constitution, consent of Presi-
dent not necessary, 290; how made,
328; exceptions to the power, 329;
most important clause, 329; a wise
provision, 337; first ten amendments
apply to United States Government
only, 337; approval voted not nec-
essary, 345; three great amendments
and reconstruction, 347; an amend-
ment in process, 442.

Anglo-Saxon, division of power, 72.
Anti-trust laws, power of Congress, 390.
Appeal: the removal of a cause from a
court of inferior to one of superior
jurisdiction, for review or retrial; in
Pennsylvania, 123, 134; manner of
trial before the supreme court, 135.
Appointment: the exercise of the power
of designating or naming a person
to hold office; Presidential appoint-
ments very numerous, and constitute
a very important part of his duty,
289.
Apportionment, of the State by the Gen-
eral Assembly, 94; of Representatives
in Congress, 230.

Appropriation: a sum of money author-
ized by law to be taken out of the

treasury, and to be applied to a
special use or purpose; the setting
apart of such money; must be made
by law, 270; for army not to exceed
two years, 257; committee on, 387.
Approval, submission of bills for, not
always necessary,
101.
Arbitration: the settlement of disputed

cases by disinterested persons, 417;
boards of, 418; of disputes among na-
tions, 416.

Area, of Pennsylvania, 25; range of, in
townships, 45; minimum, of county,
71.

Aristocracy, defined, 15; not permitted,

327; feared before election of Jackson,
414.

Aristotle, a saying of, 16.

Arizona, 324.

Arms, rights of people concerning, 221,
338.

Army of the United States, how main-

tained, 257; strength, 258; citizen-
soldiery, 221; officers tried by courts-
martial, 318; no impeachment, 261,
318; President, commander in chief,
257.

Arrests, 339.

Arson: the malicious burning of any
dwelling or building the property of
another.

Arthur, Chester A., succeeds James A.
Garfield, taking oath of office in
New York, 286, 415.

Articles of Confederation, survivals
from, 235; defects of, 274; a bond of
union, 350.

Arts and Sciences, how promoted, 256.
Assemble, people have right to, 221.
Assembly, the first in Pennsylvania, 31,
34; the General Assembly, 85.
Assessment: fixing or determining a tax;
charging with any sum of money as
a due share or proportion.
Assessors, 49, 57; board of, 63, 363.
Associate judges in Pennsylvania, 130;

drawing a jury, 122.

Assumption of State debts, 440.
Atchison, David R., 414.
Attainder: extinction of civil rights in
consequence of condemnation for
treason or other capital crime; bills

of, forbidden, 221; Congress cannot
pass, 269; States cannot pass, 271.
Attorney-General of Pennsylvania, 103,
113, 114.

Attorney-General of the United States,

succession to the Presidency, 286;
duties of, 297.

Attorneys at law: persons entitled to
practice law in the higher courts, 123.
Auditor-General of Pennsylvania, 104,
113, 114.

Auditors, township, 50, 52; controller in
cities, 61; county, 77.
Australian ballot: a form of ballot in
which the names of all the candidates
are printed on one ticket, and the
voter indicates his choice by cross-
marks, 144, 145, 146.
Automobile, licenses for, 173.
Award, the decision rendered by the
arbiters in a board of arbitration.

Bail, defined, excessive, forbidden, 220.
Ballot, the "Baker Ballot," 144; details,

146; specimen, 147; counting the bal-
lots, 151; boxes, 153; primary, 161.
Banking commissioner of Pennsylvania,
110, 115, 178.

Bank-note, National, 394.

Bankruptcy, definition of, and laws con-
cerning, 252.

Banks and savings institutions in State,
179.

Barbarism, state of, 13.

Battleships of the navy, 259; modern,
261.

Belknap. W. W., impeachment of, 239.
Bill, defined, 91; how passed, 92; where
it may originate, 92; for revenue, 92;
duties of Governor in regard to, 92;
mode of passing, in Congress, 243;
how bills are sometimes defeated, 244.
Bill of attainder: an act passed against
a person, depriving him of the right
to hold or transmit property, 221,
269, 271.

Bill of credit: paper issued by a State, on

the faith and credit of the State, and
designed to circulate as money.
Bill of indictment: a written accusation
lawfully presented to a grand jury.
Bill of rights, defined, 336; in the State