journey; one pair is enough; they can be washed and dried whilst you are in bed."

"The best gaiters to wear are those used by the French when shooting. They are made of the strongest, softest leather, with straps to tighten if necessary. They should be as high as the knee, and buckled over the trousers, so that however dirty the roads may be, on throwing them off, you find your trousers quite clean and dry."

49. The best shirts are those made of calico or long cloth, as it is called- linen being now discarded, partly on account of the economy of the former, but chiefly because after exercise has heated the body, the linen strikes cold to the surface: the adoption of calico does half away with the necessity for flannel or framework singlets, owing to its greater warmth, a fact resulting from the superior non-conducting power of this calico (cotton). “As to shirts, have one in the knapsack, and a very long nightshirt, made of the finest and lightest cotton, which will be found of the greatest benefit, when you are not sure of the cleanliness of the bed. If your trousers are wide, you can wear it at the end of a day's journey. Of course a fresh flannel under-vest must always be in the knapsack," says the above authority.

50. Caps are much worn by pedestrians, and some find them lighter and more suitable than hats in several respects; but Col. Shaw gives a good reason why hats are preferable, viz., because you can carry things in the hollow of a hat. By all means avoid a waterproofed cap. Waterproof hats, as they are called, do ventilate, or you may perforate them with pin-holes for this purpose. Hats are cooler, because they don't sit so close to the head.

51. "As to other requisites, the first to be provided is a good knapsack," says Col. Shaw, "of the best oil skin. It is to be had in all the military store shops in

London. Care should be had to have the straps of the best patent leather, and a degree broader than usual. The proper breadth for ease is the 'regulation' strap for the Guards' knapsack. They should be so long that you could use them in the foreign manner if you chose. By this I mean that, in the foreign knapsack, the fixture from which the shoulder-straps play is placed in the centre of the knapsack, while the English fixtures are placed on the points of the shoulders, just in a line with the shoulder-straps; so that the whole weight of the knapsack is on the upper part of the arms, instead of being divided over the back. In the French manner the knapsack sticks closer to the back, consequently you do not feel its weight so oppressive."

Improvements are daily occurring in everything, and of course we find fresh plans even for carrying and constructing knapsacks. However, one point might be certainly adopted with advantage, viz., the making of the knapsack so as that wet clothes, stockings, &c., can be left outside to dry on the journey, instead of being put inside along with the dry things. "In Germany," a continental student and ex-militaire remarks, "the students in the time of vacation are constantly, with their knapsacks on their shoulders, visiting distant countries, and often roam on foot as far as Italy; and it is a pleasure to see the rubicund youths walking the roads singing, laughing, and smoking.'

52. Next, a cloak, for protection in wet weather, requires a word or two. Col. Shaw's advice runs on from the wallet thus :-" When provided with a knapsack, get a wide cloak (so wide as to go over the knapsack) of the very best oil-silk, long enough to reach to the middle of the thigh; likewise an oil-skin for the hat. The oilskin cloak can be used either for sitting or laying on the ground." There is a very light and portable article of

this kind imported lately from France: it is termed, from these qualifications, the "Zephyr" cloak: it is composed of some very fine material, with a very thin layer of caoutchouc between: the weight of a cloak runs about 20 oz. Our remarks on the prejudicial effects of waterproof garments in general, seems to be here conflicting with Col. Shaw's advice. We can only qualify our own statement by admitting that a light cloak of oil silk or india-rubber cloth, of the dimensions of a cape rather than of a full-grown cloak, makes this difference, that it does not stick to the figure like a coat, and so allows of ventilation being carried on underneath, and still more so when worn over the knapsack, a body of air being always preserved about the shoulders: again, its protection as a sitting cushion is manifest and unobjectionable. There is a light summer walking surtout, which would turn a gentle shower sufficiently-the "D'Orsay" build. The French blouse coats are rather a protection against dust than wet: for this purpose they are well adapted, and, from their cheapness, accessible to all. It appears to us possible that, in the march of improvement, the pedestrian may be so far favoured as to have some plan introduced, the result of some ingenious artisan, whereby a small silk waterproofed cape, just large enough to cover the shoulders and down to the elbows, may be arranged so as to be worn as a cape or as an umbrella, being attachable by a clasp or spring and stretcher to his walking cane. This brings us to the accompaniment

53. Of a walking-stick or cane, which deserves our notice, or people would not prove so wedded to them. It is not a mere fancy; there is a real utility in having one, not only as a weapon of self-defence against all manner of attacks from men and animals, but, as a regulator of the locomotive vibrations of the body and

limbs, it does a real service, as also by taking off some of the weight of the body from the lower limbs, and taxing the upper extremity, which grasps the stick. Davis says "The use of a stick may serve partially, and only partially, to combine the action of the upper limbs in the exercise of walking." Those who are used to much writing, or wish to preserve their right hand in working trim for using the artistical pencil, &c., would avoid, by using a stick, that swelling of the hand which general exercise always produces. The handle of the stick should be at a right angle with the shaft, and not a mere knob or steam-turned bend. A good hazel, with the handle worked out of the root, comes up nearest to the mark for durability, lightness, general service, and economy. A small brass ferril, tightly fitted on, saves the wear and tear. A stick should not be too tall. We are indebted to a friend of the quill for these useful suggestions on the practice of the stick. We advise the selection of a good light cane in preference to a heavy walking-stick. A cane of a large calibre (one of the Malaccas is the best, though expensive) will give you all the support you can want towards the end of the day, not always unwelcome, whilst from its lightness, through the whole day, it will do all but carry itself—a companion never leaning too heavy on your arm. The last make of umbrellas appears very inviting to use, as they are very little heavier than a stick, the ribs being made of fine-drawn steel. Of the comfort of an umbrella in a soaking wet, we need not speak, nor of their comparative inutility in a high wind, except you mean to try the "aerial principle" of flight. Every one has a predilection for or against a thing in matters of taste and comfort: some never go without one, some never use one by any chance. We can only bow our head and say, "de gustibus non disputandum est." However, there is

one point touching the steel ribs to umbrellas, viz., that they are more likely to attract lightning than whalebone, especially if any part of the steel has been uncovered from the varnish, or has got rubbed bright, as at the points.

54. We can hardly leave off without equipping our knight-errant with a pair of gloves, though he does not require the "spur"; and of gloves there is one kind far before all other for walking, and for weather fair or wet, hot or cold it is the "Woodstock," or doe-skin-a glove that will wash and wear better than any (absorbing perspiration), and keep the hands from suffering by the weather-changes. Belts are used by some. Parties are better without, unless corpulent.