THE PROGRESS OF SYLVICULTURE IN INDIA AND BUrma, AFFORESTATION WORK IN INDIA-IRRIGATED AND NON- XX. THE Progress made in Modern Methods of EXPLOITATION ILLUSTRATIONS, VOLUME III The Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun. Main Building at Frontispiece To face page Erosion strip, Kalampur Forest, Setwan Range, Naushahro Division. Alnus Nepalensis in Darjeeling Forests. Sample plot, No. 9. Eastern Teak tree grown from stump of tree girdled and felled between 1830 and • Teak trees of 1830-40 at Bitakat, showing stool-shoots of 2 seasons A fine group of kanyin (Dipterocarpus turbinatus) poles. Photograph Myodwin Teak Plantation, Zigon Division, Burma. Age about 40 years 70 71 76 Deodar (Cedrus deodara) Forest under regeneration, Ruang, Upper Large deodar tree, girth 35 feet. Pabar Valley, Lower Bashahr, North- Lower part of stem of large deodar tree, 35 feet in girth. Pabar Valley, Cedrus deodara Forest on the Chenab, Pangi Valley, Chamba State Natural regeneration of mahogany from mother trees sown about 1875, Madras Forest College Hostel, showing one of the eleven blocks Main Building of the Burma Forest School, Pyinmana. Photograph Main Building of New Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, in course of erection. November, 1925 • To face page General view of the economic workshops and offices at the New Forest Sturtevant kiln, showing sixteen varieties of timber testing specimens Wood preservation plant, pressure cylinder, pumps and control boiler. Veneer panelling in the Hall of Government House, Shillong, Assam 363 376 377 378 379 382 383 Effect of grazing on regeneration of Pinus longifolia. Above the path is open to grazing. No advance growth. Below the path is closed to grazing. Good advance growth of young pine Effect of the frost of 1905 on sâl poles as seen six years later. Tirsal Forests, Siwalik Division, United Provinces. Photograph taken 24 November, 1910 Eucalyptus globulus Coppice. Ootacamund, Nilgris. Madras Presidency 413 Taungya cutters dibbling paddy in their yas in Tharrawaddy Division. The men notch the soil at intervals of a few inches, using the long bamboos with iron chisel-shaped tips and working with the balance of the long pole. The women sow paddy in each notch. Photograph taken June, 1921 Teak sown broadcast on level ground and transplanted to stake. Shows Teak planted 6 feet by 6 feet in 1911. Photograph taken November, Pyinkado sown in June, 1921, on raised mounds on which sugar cane is cultivated. Sugar cane is being held back in foreground to show the pyinkado (Xylia Dolabriformis). Thindawyo Reserve, Tharrawaddy Division, Burma A 1917 Teak Plantation, sown 10 feet by 6 feet. Photograph taken in 418 418 Facing next Sample plot No. 11 near Mohnit, in Teak Plantation No. 14, of 1912. plate Photograph taken January, 1923, just before thinning after felling suppressed trees. Kaing Reserve, Pyinmana Division, Burma Tinwa flowered 1913-14. Photograph taken November, 1916. Shows dead culms mostly fallen, and vigorous regeneration of_tinwa (Cephalostachyum Pergracile). Pile Reserve, Katha Division, Burma plate To face page Sown teak 6 feet by 6 feet, with a dense natural reproduction of hnaw 419 420 420 Fac Teak regeneration in South Dangs (Gira). A patch of teak plantation, four monsoons old, average height 9 feet. Bombay Presidency Teak regeneration by coppice in South Dangs (Netmal), two monsoons old, average height 12 feet. Bombay Presidency A 1920 Sâl Plantation. Photographed in 1923. With Rahar dal planted between the lines. Kurseong Division, Bengal Five-year-old Sål-taungya Plantation near Rajabhatkhawa, Buxa ing next plate Facing last plate 421 422 423 Ghamari (Gmelina arborea) planted in 1917-18. A second rotation teak crop, Nilambur Plantations. Aravalakadu, 1918 Plantation. Planted by Mr. Ray Bourne, I.F.S., who cut the first of the old crops to be felled. Photograph by A. F. Minchin, I.F.S., March, 1925. Madras Presidency Artocarpus hirsuta successfully introduced as an underwood in a teak plantation. Artocarpus, eighteen years. Teak, fifty-seven years. The teak is being cleaned of epicormic branches. Madras Presidency 430 Natural regeneration of mahogany by roadside in Pannengode Block, Nilambur. The tree is a shade bearer and may, as in the case of hopea, be useful as an under-story for teak. Photograph by A. F. Minchin during author's visit, March, 1925. Madras Presidency American Portable Sawmill, erected at the Beypur River Depot for preparation of sleepers, etc. Madras Presidency, 1925 Nilambur Teak Plantations. Compt. 15 felled, cleared and ready for planting (in June, 1925) the second rotation crop of teak. In foreground coolies are preparing a nursery for raising teak plants. March, 1925. Madras Presidency View at low tide across the log pond at the Beypur Depot. The timber Teak regeneration in the Haliyal Teak Pole Area, Kanara, N.D. (Kham- A 1920 Teak Plantation in Compt. 9, Minhla Reserve, Tharrawaddy Division. Teak was sown 6 feet by 6 feet, and pyinma (Lagerstræmia Flos-Regina) broadcast. Photograph taken February, 1923, shows a dense undergrowth of pyinma with fairly vigorous teak and no weeds. Burma Fac ing 432 Sample plot, seventeen years. 433 To face page Natural regeneration of sâl—annually cut back by frost-Balaghat, C.P. 432 Chir (Pinus longifolia) Plantation, seventeen years old. Sown broadcast and unweeded. Note frosted sâl. Supkhar, Balaghat Division, 2500 feet. Central Provinces Chir Pine (Pinus longifolia) Plantation. Thinned. Average height 28-8 feet. C.P. May, 1924 Natural reproduction of sâl on hoed strips at Seowari, Compt. 15D, Singbhum Forests. Photograph 26 February, 1920. Bihar and Orissa Artificial regeneration of sâl in Clear Felled Area, 1922. Ramgarh Forest, Gorakhpur Division 433 436 Young even-aged sâl crop, aged thirty-seven years, recently thinned. Advance growth retained (as the crop of the future) on an area over . 437 438 439 444 Sål Shelter Wood in a regeneration area, 1923. Lakhmanmandi Block, Evergreen Forests, Chenat Nair, Palghat Division. The appearance of A teak patch, two monsoons old, average height 4 feet. After the 446 447 450 451 Natural regeneration of teak dating from Clear Felling in 1911. photo- Elephant being used to thin in a young pole forest in the Saugor Division, 452 453 A typical blank area in sål forest in Singbhum owing to past cultivation of field crops. Bihar and Orissa 456 457 |