the schmale Heide, which unites the | by whom Rome was overthrown after promontory Jasmund to the main an existence of 12 centuries. Odoacer, island-to who finally captured the Imperial city, was king of the Rügii, and the cradle of the barbarian hordes who formed his army was this remote and insignificant island, and the neighbouring coast of Pomerania. 10 m. Sagard (Inn: Fürstenkrone). Near this hr.) is the Tumulus of Dubberworth, 30 ft. high. The N. extremity of the island Rügen consists of a long narrow peninsula, or rather of 2 peninsulas-that of Jasmund, and beyond it that of Wittowconnected with each other and the main island by 2 narrow necks of land. The length of this united promontory is about 25 m. The bay or firth which it encloses is crossed by one or two ferries, at which carriages and foot-passengers can be transferred from one side to the other, thus avoiding the necessity of retracing the same road in returning from Arcona. 4 m. E. of Sagard is Sassnitz, one of the pleasantest stopping-places on the island (Inn: *Fahrenberg). The scenery hereabouts is park-like, and the wild flowers abundant. A steamer runs in 2 hrs. to Arcona, offering a more interesting route than that by land. Beyond Sagard the road enters the ancient beech-wood of Stubbenitz. Here the goddess Hertha was worshipped by the Pagan Saxons; within it is the Herthaburg, a rampart of earth 50 ft. high. It abounds in stone barrows, called Hünengräber, in which skeletons and jars full of bones and ashes have been found. The whole district is likewise celebrated in Scandinavian poetry and mythology. Buried in the recesses of this mysterious grove lies the Hertha See, called the Black Lake, from the dark shadows of the beechwoods around. Tacitus (Germ. c. 40) describes an untrodden wood (castum nemus) in which the car of the goddess Hertha was kept, drawn by cows and washed in a secret lake. It is still looked upon with veneration by the inhabitants. It is about 300 paces long, and 48 ft. deep in the centre. These localities, and various ancient remains existing upon the island, such as tumuli and cromlechs, possess additional interest, if we regard them as the relics of a nation Less than a mile from the Hertha See and the wood of Stubbenitz, is (18 m. from Putbus, and 15 m. from Bergen) the foreland of the *Stubbenkammer, a chalk cliff, 440 ft. high, rising out of the sea, somewhat like Shakspeare's Cliff at Dover. (Large Inn, with 80 beds, on the verge of the forest, Swiss House H.) A staircase of 600 steps cut in the rock leads from the shore to the highest summit, called the *Königsstuhl after the Swedish King Charles XII., who thence watched a sea-fight between Swedes and Danes, 1715. Hither travellers repair to see the sun rise and set, and to enjoy the view. On the W. the promontory of Arcona, the N. point of Rügen, stretches far out into the sea. The grandest view of the cliff is from below. At Quoltitz is the Stone of Sacrifice, a rude block traversed by a groove or channel, to collect, it is conjectured, the blood of human victims. Spieker, a country-seat of Prince Putbus, is a fanciful castle, built by Baron Wrangel, after the Thirty Years' War. The way from Stubbenkammer to Arcona (7 hrs.) lies along another narrow tongue of land, called Die Schaabe, which unites the promontory Jasmund to that of Wittow. At the village of Altenkirchen (Haas's Inn), the poet Kosegarten, who was its pastor, is buried, 1828. For 8 successive Sundays, during the season of the herring fishery, the minister preaches upon the shore to the fishermen assembled around him in their boats, from the neighbouring islands. A figure, said to be of the god Swantewit, is built into the wall of the Church, of 12th cent., one of the oldest in Pomerania. Arcona, the most northern promontory of the island, partly a chalk cliff, 200 ft. above the sea, is surmounted by a lighthouse, which furnishes accom modation to travellers. The view from it extends over the coast of the promontory Jasmund to the island Hiddensöe, and to the more distant Danish island Moen. Upon Arcona stood the ancient Fortress of the Vends, who at one period inhabited this island, called Burgring. It was a circular intrenchment, from 30 to 40 yards high, with an opening to the N.W. Within it stood the temple of the 4-headed god Swantevit, destroyed by the Danes under King Waldemar, who took it by storm 1168, carried off its treasures to Denmark, and introduced Christianity into the island. Saxo Grammaticus, the historian, was present at the capture. Travellers must now either return by Altenkirchen and Wiek to the Wittow Ferry, and, after crossing it, proceed direct to 10 m. Bergen, or they may take boat to the neighbouring island Hiddensöe, whose inhabitants, a poor and primitive race, not much raised above the condition of Esquimaux, live chiefly in turf-covered huts, and support them selves by fishing. Many of them spend their whole lives on the spot, and never set foot even on Rügen. There is not a bush on the whole island, and peat or cow-dung is used for fuel. Bergen (Inns: *Prinz von Preussen; Adler; *Rathskeller) is the chief town of Rügen, and has 3700 Inhab. To the N. of it rises the hill of Rugard, the highest in Rügen, surmounted by the ruins of the ancient fortress, destroyed 1316. From this spot the whole island, with its deeply indented shores, may be surveyed as a map laid open at the spectator's feet. Here is a tower, erected to the memory of Arndt, the patriot-poet. Rly. to Stralsund (Rte. 76) 18 m. in 2 hrs. by Samtens, Alte Fähr, Stralsund Harbour. From Bergen S. to Putbus is 6 m., N. to Ralswick, 5 m., whence steamer to Stralsund (see above). ROUTE 76A. BERLIN TO STRALSUND BY NEUSTRELITZ. 140 m.; 3 trains daily, in 5 to 6 hrs. From the Stettin-Bahnhof (Plan A. 5) the train proceeds through the unimportant stations of (29 m.) Löwenberg and (63 m.) Neu-Strelitz to 85 m. Neu-Brandenburg Junct. Stat. (Inn: Goldene Kugal), a town of 8500 Inhab., chiefly engaged in the wool trade. Here are 4 interesting mediaval gateways, and a Middle-Pointed church. Rly. W. to (89 m.) Ludwigslust, with branch at (30 m.) Waren for Malchin, and at (51 m.) Karow for Güstrow and Plau (Rte. 61). Rly. W. to (125 m.) Lübeck, viâ Malchin, Teterow (Junct. for 17 m. N. Gnoien), Güstrow, Bützow (for Rostock), and Kleinen. Rly. E. to (33 m.) Pasewalk (Rte. 76) and N.E. to (16 m.) Friedland. The main line continues N. to Old Frankfurt Bahnhof (Plan D. E. 9, 10), the line proceeds E. to 14 m. Fredersdorf Junct. Stat. [Branch Rly. S. 3 m. to Rüdersdorf.] 29 m. Dahmsdorf-Münchbeerg Stat.-Diligence daily in 1 hr. to N. 4 m. Buckow, prettily situated on the socalled Märkische Schweiz. The line continues through a sandy and uninteresting country, but plantations of trees and other methods have been adopted of late to improve the otherwise unproductive land. 42 m. Werbig Jünct. Stat. Rly. to (19 m. S.E.) Frankfurt on the Oder; (42 m. N.W.) Angermünde, for Stettin or Stralsund. 117 m. Kreuz Junct. Stat. [Branch Rly. N.E. to Stargard Junct. Stat. for Stettin, &c., S.E. to Posen Junct. Stat. (see Rte. 80).] 154 m. Schneidemühl Junct. Stat.(Inn: Goldener Löwe.) Pop. 12,000. [Branch Rly. N. through Neu-Stettin to Belgard for Colberg (Rte. 75), S. to Posen (Rte. 80), and 17 m. N.E. to Deutsch-Krone.] [Branch Rly. E. through sand-hills and fir-woods to 55 m. Bromberg (Polish, Bydgoszcz) Junct. Stat. (Inns: H. Moritz; Rios H.; Schwarzer Adler). A town of 34,200 Inhab., on, the Brahe, without interest to the traveller. It owes its prosperity to the canal which by means of the Netze connects the Oder with the Vistula, made 1772-75 by Frederick the Great, to whom a bronze statue was erected in the market-place in 1862. 4 lines intersect at Bromberg: 52 m. Küstrin Junct. Stat. (Inns: Kronprinz; Adler). A 3rd-class fortress and town of 14,100 Inhab., surrounded by marshes, at the junction of the Warthe with the Oder, over which a bridge 875 ft. long is thrown. It was formerly the capital of the Neumark. Frederick the Great, when crown prince, was confined in the old castle by his imperious and crazy father, and compelled to look on while his young friend Katte was beheaded on the ramparts (1730). 6 m. N. of Küstrin is the village of Zorndorf, where the same prince, with 32,000 Prussians, defeated 50,000 Russians, under Fermor, in 1758. A monument marks them. W., and Jablonowo,32 m. E., passing spot where the king stood. [Branch Rly. S. 19 m. to Frankfurt (a. O.) Junct. Stat. (Rte. 81); S.E. through Reppen to Rothenburg for Glogau, &c.; N. to Stettin and N.E. to Stargard. At Glasow, on the latter route (30 m. from Küstrin) is a branch to (12 m.) Berlinchen. Pyritz, 16 m. from Stargard, and 46 m. from Küstrin, is a walled town of 8000 Inhab., the only place of interest on the line.] The line crosses the Oder, and continues N.E. to 80 m. Landsberg Stat. (Inn: Goldnes Lamm). A flourishing small town, of 24,000 Inhab., on the Warthe. (1) W. to Schneidemühl (see above). (2) N. to, 80 m., Dirschau, passing 25 m. Terespol Stat. (Diligence 5 times daily, in 1 hr., to S.E. 6 m. Culm, and 4 times daily, in hr., to 4 m. E. Schwetz, see Rte. 78.) 7 m. further is Laskowitz Junct. Stat. for Konitz, 44 (13 m. on the latter route) Graudenz (Rte. 78). This is the route taken by the St. Petersburg express, in 42 hrs., from Berlin-1023 miles. (3) S. to Inowraclaw for Posen. (4) S.E. for Warsaw, passing through, 31 m., Thorn (see Rte. 81A).] From Schneidemühl the Rly. continues N. E. through a dreary sandy plain to 206 m. Konitz Stat. [Branch Rly. W. to Neu-Stettin and Wangerin, E. to Jablonowo.] 251 m. Preuss-Stargard Stat., an industrious, walled town of 5400 Inhab. The St. Mary's Ch. is of the 15th cent. |