and would not let their husbands and fathers rest till they too could dress like her; although, unless Miss Display had indulged her own Approbativeness, that of the other milliner-made ladies would not have been excited.

Mr. Witty threw off a joke, and this excited the risibles of Mr. Serious, who, in return, manufactured another; whereas, but for Mr. Witty's influence, the face of Mr. S. would still have remained as long as ever.

Mrs. Timid, while in a church, screamed out with fright, and nearly all in the house were instantly electrified with fear, but for what, they did not know.

In 1836, Mr. Hope embarked in speculations in stock, real estate, mulberry trees, &c., and counted his thousands in prospect, which inspired confidence in the breasts of thousands of the Messrs. Doubtful, who were excited by his spirit and followed his example.

Mr. Appetite commenced eating his breakfast greedily, when in came his boy, who soon cried out for a piete, which he probably would not have thought of for hours if he had not seen his father eating so greedily.

I now appeal, whether this principle of sympathy, this feeling as others feel-this spreading of the emotions from heart to heart--is not a law of human nature, as well as a doctrine of Phrenology? whether it is not as universal and as uniform as the nature of man, and as powerful as it is universal? What heart is so adamantine as not to experience its power, or be swayed by its influence?

SECTION III.

ANALYSIS OF THE FACULTIES, AND MEANS OF INCREASING AND DIMINISHING THEIR ORGANS.

We come now to the direct application of these principles to both SELF IMPROVEMENT, and to the moral training and government of children. That is, we shall now proceed to show directlý How to enlarge and strengthen the weak faculties, and control, direct, and restrain those that are too large. In effecting this most desirable end this greatest and best work to which mortals can apply themselves the first and the most important thing to be done, is to ob

tain a distinct knowledge of the precise function of every faculty. This knowledge will tell us the food of every faculty, by feeding which to that faculty, that is, by keeping that faculty continually stinalated, it will be called into constant action, and thereby enlarged. To impart this knowledge, let us briefly analyze the faculties, and in order to do this in the shortest and most effectual manner possible, I shall point out the adaptation of every faculty to its counterpart in nature, or the want in the nature of man it supplies. Thus, Phloprogenitiveness is adapted to the infantile condition of man ; Causality, to the arrangement or existence of laws of cause and effect; Appetite, to the arrangement of nutrition and our constant requisition for food; Constructiveness, to our demand for houses, clothes, tools, and things made; Ideality, to the bountiful and perfect in nature; Language, to our having ideas to communicate, and the benefit derived therefrom; Benevolence, to our being in a world of suffering, which this faculty can mitigate, &c. There is Do other short-hand method of impressing indelibly the nature and function of every faculty at all to be compared with this, united with definition instead of description. Remembering this adaptation of a faculty to its object, is comparatively easy, and this rivets its true function concisely, yet completely.

We begin, then, with the propensities; and shall analyze the social group first, though, having treated this subject somewhat fully in my work on Matrimony, I shall proceed no further than to show how to control and restrain these several organs.

1. AMATIVENESS.

The reciprocal attachment and love of the sexes for each other. *Soft coercive band, connecting souls! Without thee what is life?"

ADAPTATION.-As death appertains to man's worldly existence, some means for propagation became necessary, in order to prevent extinction. It is adapted to the great arrangement of parentage. Its primary function is, connubial love-that tender affection and union of soul which exists, or at least should always exist, between husband and wife. Its products are marriage and of spring.

Its abuses are licentiousness and lust, in all their forms and degrees. But, as I shall soon publish a work devoted exclusively to

this subject, entitled, "Amativeness, its uses and abuses, together with the means of restraining its excessive or perverted action,"* I will not even enter upon it here, farther than to say to those who wish to subdue it, banish, as far as possible, all those thoughts and associations that excite these feelings, and above all, avoid all stimulants, even in diet, because the connection is most intimate between the states of the body and those of this organ and faculty.

2. PHILOPROGENITIVENESS.

Parental love; attachment to one's own children; love of children generally.

ADAPTATION.-If all mankind had been brought forth, like the fabled Minerva from the brain of Jupiter, in the full possession of all his physical and mental powers, capable, from the first, of taking abundant care of himself without requiring parents to supply a single want, this faculty would have been out of place; for then it would have had nothing to do. But the FACT is far otherwise. Man enters the world in a condition utterly helpless. Infants require a great amount of care and nursing. This infantile condition of man has its counterpart in this faculty. Without its stimulus to provide for and watch over infancy, every child must inevitably perish, and our race become extinct.

ABUSES.-Spoiling children by over indulgence; fussing with them; being so tender of them as to ruin their health, or unfit them to take care of themselves.

Its primary, distinctive function is PARENTAL love-attachment to one's own children; and the more helpless the child, the more vigorous its action. None but parents can ever know the genuine feelings of parental love. There is something peculiarly enduring in the thought that they are bone of our bone and flesh of our flesh, and this feeling is greatly augmented by their being begotten by a husband, or borne by a wife, whom we dearly love.

A few words in regard to its cultivation, must suffice. The relations between parents and their children should be of the most friendly character, and nothing should be allowed to interrupt or lacerate it. Make them confidants, and induce them to disclose freely all that troubles or delights them. Parents and children

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ANALYSIS OF ADHESIVENESS.

167

should be separated as little as possible, and a perfect understanding should be had between them. Let parents never assume any appearance of austerity or distance, but let them do all they can to cultivate good feeling between them and their children, and between children and children. Let families be separated but little. Special care should also be taken to choose their associates, for they exert a powerful influence in the formation of character. Associates they should have; for without them, not only will one pow erful faculty lie dormant, but all the advantages to be derived from society, be lost; yet better have no associates, than those at all objectionable. This organ can be cultivated by playing with children, and indulging it in witnessing their innocent gambols, &c. The elder children can cultivate it by taking care of the younger, and the younger, by loving dolls, pets and toys representing various animals. Raising stock, and bringing this feeling into action by being with children, is calculated to enlarge it; but the most effectual means of cultivating it, is to enter upon the parental relations, and love and provide for your own children. All other means sink into insignificance compared with this.

ADHESIVENESS.

Friendship: the social feeling: love of society: desire and ability to form attachments, congregate, associate, visit, entertain friends, &c.

"A new Commandment give I unto you, that ye love one another." "Love is the fulfilling of the Law."-Bible.

If man had been created a lonely, unsocial, solitary being, nearly half his faculties, having nothing to excite them to action, would have lain dormant, and the balance have been but feebly exercised. The activity of every faculty in one, naturally excites the same falty in those around him. Hence, without the element of Friendship, to bring mankind together into associations, neighborhoods, fam lies, &c., they could have had no opportunity for the exercise of Language, Ambition, Imitation, and many other faculties, and Ile for that of Kindness, Justice, &c.; and the action of all the remainder would have been far less efficient and pleasurable than now. Without this arrangement, co-partnerships, and those public and private works which require the combined labor and resources

of more than one for their completion, would have remained unknown; and the selfish propensities have rendered all men Ishmaelites, turning every man's hand against his neighbor, rendering each most hateful to all; kindling rising jealousies, animosities, &c., into burning flames, and for ever blotting out the pleasant smile of glowing friendship; the cordial greeting of old associates, the hearty shake of the hand, and that silent flow of perpetual happiness which springs from being in the company of those we like.

This faculty casts into the shade the modern ceremony of formal introductions, and of waiting for the last call to be returned, or letter answered. It should be in constant action, and, therefore, lonely travellers should wile away their tedious hours by opening at once the portals of their hearts, engaging freely in conversation, and "scraping acquaintance" at first sight. first sight. Still, intimate friendshi should be formed judiciously; for it is a most powerful means of intellectual and moral elevation or degradation. Young people, in particular, though they should form speaking acquaintances and passing friendship readily, to which they are strongly predisposed, should nevertheless be careful how they make confidants and bosom friends.

The young form attachments much more readily than those who are older, partly because they become hardened by frequent disappointments, in finding supposed friends unfaithful, and partly because long separated from the friends of their youth. This blunting of the fine, glowing feelings of friendship, is certainly most unfortunate. Friendship should be regarded as most sacred, and never be trifled with. Do almost anything sooner than violate this feeling; and let friends bear and forbear much, at least until they are certain that a supposed injury or unjust remark was premeditated; and then, when friendship is thus violated, think no more of your former friend, not even enough to hate him. Dwell not upon the injuries done you, but banish him from your mind, and let him be to you as though you had never known him; for dwelling upon broken friendships only still farther lacerates and blunts this feeling, and more effectually sears your friendship. Never form friendships where there is any danger of their being broken; and never break them unless the occasion is intentional and most aggravated: and let friends try to make up little differences as soon as possible.*

* I have seen a young man rendered crazy, and thrown into a perfect