André (Bernard), his account of Andrews (Dr.), his recent researches in chemical science, cxxxiii. 161 Angelo (Michael de Buonarotti, Anglican Synod, proposal of, for Sep- tember 24, 1867, cxxvi. 121; Anglo-Saxons, the phrase criticised, influence of Northern cos- of Brechin, 318; history of the scientific value of menageries, belief in creation of, from intermixture of, during the faculty of reason among the higher grades of, cxxxiii. 172; their sense of humour, ib. ; qualities shared by man, ib. ; borderland between reason and instinct, 173 Animals, structural identity of, with man, cxxxiv. 197; physical differences, 201; emotions shared in common, 209; their faculty of imitation, 210; other intellectual qualities of, ib. (see Man); theory of sexual selection, 229, 234 Animal life, forms of. See Zoology Animism, supposed primitive belief in, cxxxix. 435 Anjou, publications respecting,cxxvii. 77; traditions of the English occupation, ib.; etymology of the word, 79; prehistoric monuments, ib.; the dolmen of Bagneux, 80; conquered by the Romans, 81; their colony Egada, ib.; Christianity introduced, 82; monastic system in, 83; conquered by Chilperic the Frank, ib.; fragmentary knowledge of, under his successors, 84; the dowry of Charlemagne's sister, Bertha, ib.; creation of hereditary countships, 85; ravages of the Norsemen, 86; their evacuation of Angers, ib. ; their colony in Anjou, ib.; Ingelgerian Counts of, 'beyond the Maine,' 87; Foulques II., ib.; Wars of Foulques Nerra, ib., 88; Geoffrey Martel, ib.; relations with Rome, ib.; rise of Benedictine convents, 89; monks of St. Maur, ib.; Abbey of Fontevrault, 90; Foulques V., ib.; his son Geoffrey, ib.; secured by treaty to Henry IL, ib.; his government, 91; relations of Richard I. with, 92; siege of Angers, ib.; struggle between feudalism and monarchy, 93; Louis IX. and his brother Charles, ib.; glories of the house of Anjou-Sicily, 94; the Duke Réné, 95; later royal dukes of Anjou, 96; wars of religion in, 97; the Reformation in, ib., 98; D massacre at Monsoreau, 99; Jesuit College at La Flêche, ib.; interval of religious toleration, ib., 100; Huguenot persecutions in, 101; republican sympathies punished by the Vendean bands, ib. ; prospects of prosperity, 101, 102 Anna (Empress of Russia, 1693– 1740), her quarrel with Marshal Saxe, cxx. 519, 520; her accession, 525 Anne (Queen of England, 1664– ' 1714), her love of gossip and mystery, cxviii. 414; her critical state of health in 1713, 425; her death, 427 Earl Stanhope's History of her reign, cxxxii. 519; Jacobite acquiescence in her succession, 530; relations with Parliament, 531; conduct to the Pretender, 532; religious reaction against the Jacobites, 534; collapse of Tory policy, ib.; condition of society, 535; monied and professional classes, 537; decrease of population, 538; unfavourable conditions of life, ib.; ignorance of science, 539; weavers' strikes, 541; literary aspect of her reign, ib.; compared with present literature, 5-45; habits of authors, 548; sketches of her Court by Burnet and Lord Chesterfield, 553; epigram ascribed to, ib. note. Anne of Cleves (Queen of Henry VIII.), Holbein's portrait of, cxxv. 436 Annenkoff (M.), his Commentary on the Franco-German War, cxxxv. 151 Ansell (G. F.), his improved safety lamp for mines, cxxv. 559-561 Anselm (Archbishop of Canterbury, born about 1034, died 1109), his doctrine of the internal evidence of Revelation, cxiii. 485 Antarctic Pole, theory of a continent Antichrist. See Apocalypse ; Rénan, Antigua, prosperity of planters in, cxv. 48 'Anti-Jacobin,' the, unequal charac- Antioch, Church of. See Melitius ter, 1414-1493), cxxxv. 140; intro- Antoninus, the wall of, cxii. 516 associations of Rubens with, 216 Apocalypse, the, theological study of, tory of, 85; Papal condemnations Apollo, Greek statue of, found at Apollonius Pergaus (of Alexandria) his doctrine of Epicycles, cxvi. 95 Appian (2nd century), on the topo- about 1224- 1274), his hymn Lauda Sion,' Arabia, scanty geographical know- traditional division of the L ment of the Ommeiades, 356; the Persian invasion, ib.; Arab rule in Africa, 357 Arabia, physical features of, cxxii. 489; peculiarity of uplands, 491; snakes in, 493; the Bedouins, ib. ; 494; the settled population, ib.; 496; Arabs of the interior, 497 ; their supposed fitness for civilisation, 498; the Wahabees, ib.; religious condition of the Arabs, 499; star-worship of the Solibah tribe, 500, 501; contradictory accounts, ib.; the 'Biadeeyah' sect, 502; ancient Sabæan worship, 503; theory of Monotheism in, 504; religious revival in the last century, 505; cholera in 1854 at Nejed, 513 sudden importance of, after the death of Mahomet, cxxiv. 1; preparation for his mission, 2; perfection of the language, ib.; animosity of tribes, 3; the Yemenites and Maadites, 4; Himyarite language, ib.; ancient commerce, 5; caravans, ib. 7; temple of the Caaba, 8; obscure heretical sects in, 13; unpopularity of Christian doctrines, ib.; idolatrous worship in, 25; duties of hospitality, 26; destruction of the Jews, 38-41; feebleness of Islamism in, 47 piracies in the Persian Gulf in 1809, cxxv. 8; Egyptian invasion of Nejed, 9; British policy respecting, 11. See Wahabees probably once the home of the Ethiopians, cxxxv. 97; ancient stone-implements in, 102 15 ancient libraries in, cxxxix. Arab horses, compared with English racers, cxx. 124-126; superiority of Barbs over, 130 note; earliest introduction of, into England, 133-138; popularity of, in England during the last century, 141 Arab horses, native neglect of, for useful purposes, cxxxviii.430; their crossing with indigenous breeds, 444; Nejed horses, 447; royal stud at Riad, ib.; native horsemanship, 448 Arago (Dominique François, b. 1786), his estimate of the number of comets, cxl. 399 Aral, Sea of, question of its exist ence in the 13th century, cxxxv. 5, 11 Ararat, Mount, ascents of, cxxx. 339 Arbroath (Angus), Benedictine Ab bey of, cxx. 320, 321; description of the battle of, in 1445-6, 324 Arc (Jeanne de, 1410-1431), her patriotism not understood by her countrymen, cxix. 531 M. Guizot's treatment of the episode, cxl. 217 Archæology, prehistoric, recent study of, cxxxii. 440; prominent questions suggested, ib.; classifications of periods, 441; 'ages' of bronze, etc., not strict chronological divisions, 442; the Paleolithic uge, 443 (see Geology); views of French archæologists on the antiquity of man, ib.; drift-deposits. and bone-caves, 447-454; M. Lartet's Quaternary system criticised, 445; cave-bears, 456; Quaternary cave-dwellers, 459 (see Man); the Neolithic age, 463; polished stone-axes, ib.; remains of tumuli, 465; the Bronze Age, 467-477; the Iron Age, ib.; evidences of, regarding mankind, 479; questions left for ethnology, ib. Architecture (Greek), Mr. Fergusson's doctrine of definite proportions, cxvi. 485 Architecture, eclectic system of, in England, exv. 542; causes of modern inferiority, 513 Architecture, commencement of the 100 effects of exigencies of altered laws of proportion in, cxl. 188 Arctic regions, theory of a circum- weapons used by natives of, Arctic Seas, influence of, on deep- Arculfus, his narrative of his visit to Jerusalem in 680, cxii. 448 357 Arezzo (Thomas, Cardinal, 1756- 1832), his interview with Napo- of, d. 1661), his sentence and exe- Aristophanes (about B.C. 444-380), his remark on hereditary unsuitable to English trans- question of his un-Greek |