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MATT. VII.

in thy name have cast out devils? and in thy name done many won23 derful works? And then will I profess unto them, I never knew 46 you: depart from me, ye that work iniquity.

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Therefore

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LUKE VI.

And why call ye me, Lord, Lord, and do not the things which I say? Whosoever cometh to me, and heareth my sayings, and doeth them, I will show you to whom he is like: he is like a man which built an house, and digged deep, and laid the foundation on a rock: and when the flood arose, the stream beat vehemently upon that house, and could not shake it: for it was founded on a rock. But he that heareth, and doeth not, is like a man that without a foundation built an house upon the earth; against which the stream did beat vehemently, and immediately it fell; and the ruin of that house was great.

whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise man, which built his house upon a 25 rock and the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell not for it was founded upon a 26 rock. And every one that heareth these sayings of mine,and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, which built his house upon the 27 sand and the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell and great was the fall of it. And it came to pass, when Jesus had ended these sayings, the 29 people were astonished at his doctrine: for he taught them as one having authority, and not as the scribes.

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VIII. 1. When he was come down from the mountain, great multitudes followed him. [Ver. 2-4 in § 33.]

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$42. THE HEALING OF THE CENTURION'S SERVANT.-Capernaum.

MATT. VIII. 5-13.

And when Jesus was entered into Capernaum, there came unto him a 6 centurion, beseeching him, and saying, Lord, my servant lieth at home sick of the palsy, grievously tormented.

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And Jesus saith unto him, I will come and heal him. 8 The centurion answered and said, Lord, I am not worthy that thou

1 In Matthew, the centurion seems to come in person to Jesus; in Luke, he sends the elders of the Jews. This diversity is satisfactorily explained by the old law-maxim: Qui facit per alium, facit per se; that is, What one does by means of another, he does himself. Matthew narrates briefly. Luke gives the circumstances more

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LUKE VII. 1-10.

Now when he had ended all his sayings in the audience of the people, he entered into Capernaum. 2 And a certain centurion's servant, who was dear unto him, was sick, 3 and ready to die. And when he heard of Jesus, he sent unto him the elders of the Jews, beseeching him that he would come and heal 4 his servant. And when they came to Jesus, they besought him instantly, saying, That he was worthy 5 for whom he should do this: for he loveth our nation, and he hath built 6 us a synagogue. Then Jesus went with them. And when he was now not far from the house, the centurion sent friends to him, saying unto him, Lord, trouble not thyself: for I am

fully. In like manner, in John 4. 1, Jesus is said to baptize, when he did it by his disciples. In John 19. 1, and elsewhere, Pilate is said to have scourged Jesus; certainly not with his own hands. In Mark 10. 35, James and John come to Jesus with a certain request; in Matt. 20. 20, it is their mother who prefers the request.

MATT. VIII.

shouldest come under my roof: but

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speak the word only, and my serv9 ant shall be healed. For I am a man under authority, having soldiers under me and I say to this man, Go, and he goeth; and to another, Come, and he cometh; and to my servant, 10 Do this, and he doeth it. When Jesus heard it, he marvelled, and said to them that followed, Verily I say unto you, I have not found so 11 great faith, no, not in Israel. And

say unto you, That many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom 12 of heaven. But the children of the

kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness: there shall be weeping 13 and gnashing of teeth. And Jesus said unto the centurion, Go thy way; and as thou hast believed, so be it 10 done unto thee. And his servant was healed in the selfsame hour. [See in § 31.]

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LUKE VII.

not worthy that thou shouldest enter 7 under my roof: wherefore neither thought I myself worthy to come unto thee: but say in a word,1 and 8 my servant shall be healed. For I also am a man set under authority, having under me soldiers, and I say unto one, Go, and he goeth; and to another, Come, and he cometh; and to my servant, Do this, and he doeth it. When Jesus heard these things, he marvelled at him, and turned him about, and said unto the people that followed him, I say unto you, I have not found so great faith, no, not in Israel.

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And they that were sent, returning to the house, found the servant whole that had been sick.

$43. THE RAISING OF THE WIDOW'S SON.-Nain.

LUKE VII. 11-17.

And it came to pass the day after, that he went into a city called Nain; 12 and many of his disciples went with him, and much people. Now when he came nigh to the gate of the city, behold, there was a dead man carried out, the only son of his mother, and she was a widow: and much people 13 of the city was with her. And when the Lord saw her, he had compassion 14 on her, and said unto her, Weep not. And he came and touched the bier: and they that bare him stood still. And he said, Young man, I say unto thee, 15 Arise. And he that was dead sat up, and began to speak. And he delivered 16 him to his mother. And there came a fear on all : and they glorified God, saying, That a great prophet is risen up among us; and, That God hath 17 visited his people. And this rumour of him went forth throughout all Judea, and throughout all the region round about.

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§ 44. JOHN THE BAPTIST IN PRISON SENDS DISCIPLES TO JESUS.-Galileo:

MATT. XI. 2-19.

Capernaum?

LUKE VII. 18-35.

Now when John 3 had heard in the 18 And the disciples of John showed prison the works of Christ, he sent 19 him of all these things. And John

1 Comp. Gen. 1. 3; John 1. 1-3. 2 Comp. Luke 13. 25-28.

3 Matthew places this narrative after the sending out of the twelve, Matt. 11. 1: see § 62. But it was during their absence John was beheaded : see Mark 6. 30; Matt. 14. 13. The order of Luke is therefore followed. Our Lord was pro

bably at or near Capernaum, or perhaps Nain: comp. § 45.

4 In the prison: this was, according to Josephus (Antiq. 18. 5. 2), in Machærus, a castle or fortress situated on the southern border of Peræa, near the Dead Sea, and not very far from Livias (see Wieseler, p. 243-247), a town in which Herod

MATT. XI.

3 two of his disciples, and said unto him, Art thou he that should come, or do we look for another?

LUKE VII.

calling unto him two of his disciples sent them to Jesus, saying, Art thou he that should come? or look we for 20 another? When the men were come unto him, they said, John Baptist hath sent us unto thee, saying, Art thou he that should come? or look 21 we for another? And in the same hour he cured many of their infirmities and plagues, and of evil spirits; and unto many that were blind he gave sight.

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4 Jesus answered and said unto them, Go and show John again those things which ye do hear and see: 5 the blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the 6 gospel preached to them.' And 23 blessed is he, whosoever shall not be offended in me.

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And as they departed, Jesus began to say unto the multitudes concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness to see? A 8 reed shaken with the wind? But 25 what went ye out for to see? A man clothed in soft raiment? Behold, they that wear soft clothing 9 are in kings' houses. But what 26 went ye out for to see? A prophet? yea, I say unto you, and more than 10 a prophet. For this is he, of whom 27 it is written,2 Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee. 11 Verily I say unto you, Among 28 them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist: notwithstanding he that is least in the kingdom of 12 heaven is greater than he.

And 29

from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffereth violence, and the violent 30 13 take it by force. For all the prophets and the law prophesied until 14 John. And if ye will receive it, this is Elias, which was for to come.* 31 15 He that hath ears to hear, let him 16 hear. But whereunto shall I liken

had a residence, and where he probably held the grand feast, during which he ordered the beheading of the Baptist: see in § 63.

Then Jesus answering said unto them, Go your way, and tell John what things ye have seen and heard; how that the blind see, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, to the poor the gospel is preached. And blessed is he, whosoever shall not be offended in me.

And when the messengers of John were departed, he began to speak unto the people concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness for to see? A reed shaken with the wind? But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed in soft raiment? Behold, they which are gorgeously apparelled, and live delicately, are in kings' courts. But what went ye out for to see? A prophet? Yea, I say unto you, and much more than a prophet. This is he, of whom it is written,2 Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee. For I say unto you, Among those that are born of women there is not a greater prophet than John the Baptist: but he that is least in the kingdom of God is greater than he. And all the people that heard him, and the publicans, justified God, being baptized with the baptism of John. But the Pharisees and lawyers rejected the counsel of God against themselves, being not baptized of him.

And

the Lord said, Whereunto then shall I liken the men of this generation?

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LUKE VII.

and to what are they like? They are like unto children sitting in the marketplace, and calling one to another, and saying, We have piped unto you, and ye have not danced; we have mourned to you, and ye have not wept. For John the Baptist came neither eating bread nor drinking wine; and ye say, He hath a devil. The Son of man is come eating and drinking; and ye say, Behold a gluttonous man, and a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners! But wisdom is justified of all her children.' [See in § 46.]

§ 45. REFLECTIONS OF JESUS ON APPEALING TO HIS MIGHTY WORKS.— -Capernaum?

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MATT. XI. 20-30.

Then began he to upbraid the cities wherein most of his mighty works 21 were done, because they repented not: Woe unto thee,2 Chorazin! woe unto thee, Bethsaida! for if the mighty works, which were done in you, had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sack22 cloth and ashes. But I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for Tyre 23 and Sidon at the day of judgment, than for you. And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted unto heaven, shalt be brought down to hell: for if the mighty works, which have been done in thee, had been done in Sodom, it 24 would have remained until this day. But I say unto you, that it shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment, than for thee.

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At that time Jesus answered and said, I thank thee, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because thou hast hid these things from the wise and 26 prudent, and hast revealed them unto babes. Even so, Father: for so it 27 seemed good in thy sight. All things are delivered unto me of my Father: and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him. 28 Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you 29 rest. Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly 30 in heart and ye shall find rest unto your souls. For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. [Ch. 12. 1-21 in §§ 37—39.]

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$46. WHILE SITTING AT MEAT WITH A PHARISEE, JESUS IS ANOINTED BY A WOMAN WHO HAD BEEN A SINNER.-Capernaum?

LUKE VII. 36-50.

And

And one of the Pharisees desired him that he would eat with him. 37 he went into the Pharisee's house, and sat down to meat. And, behold, a woman in the city, which was a sinner, when she knew that Jesus sat at

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1 Wisdom is justified, &c.: this obscure sentence has been well explained, in harmony with the context, thus,-The Divine wisdom, which has done all that was possible to draw her children to herself, by using diverse methods in the ministry of John and in that of Christ (see verses 16-19), is in this manner absolved from the complaints of her children, namely, the wayward Jewish

people, who are called also, "the children of the
kingdom" (Matt. 8. 12), and "the children of the
prophets and of the covenant" (Acts 3. 25). In-
stead of but, we should, according to the Greek
(Kai), read and at the beginning of the sentence.
2 Comp. Luke 10. 13-15; see in § 81.
3 Comp. Luke 10. 21. 4 1 Cor. 2. 14.
5 And, behold, a woman: the common opinion,

LUKE VII.

38 meat in the Pharisee's house, brought an alabaster box of ointment, and stood at his feet behind him weeping, and began to wash his feet with tears, and did wipe them with the hairs of her head, and kissed his feet, and 39 anointed them with the ointment. Now when the Pharisee which had bidden him saw it, he spake within himself, saying, This man, if he were a prophet, would have known who and what manner of woman this is that 40 toucheth him: for she is a sinner. And Jesus answering said unto him, Simon, I have somewhat to say unto thee. And he saith, Master, say on. 41 There was a certain creditor which had two debtors: the one owed five 42 hundred pence,' and the other fifty. And when they had nothing to pay, he frankly forgave them both. Tell me therefore, which of them will love 43 him most? Simon answered and said, I suppose that he, to whom he for44 gave most. And he said unto him, Thou hast rightly judged. And he turned to the woman, and said unto Simon, Seest thou this woman? I entered into thine house, thou gavest me no water for my feet:2 but she hath washed my feet with tears, and wiped them with the hairs of her head. 45 Thou gavest me no kiss :3 but this woman since the time I came in hath 46 not ceased to kiss my feet. My head with oil thou didst not anoint: but 47 this woman hath anointed my feet with ointment. Wherefore I say unto

thee, Her sins, which are many, are forgiven; for she loved much: but to 48 whom little is forgiven, the same loveth little. And he said unto her, Thy 49 sins are forgiven. And they that sat at meat with him began to say within 50 themselves, Who is this that forgiveth sins also? And he said to the woman, Thy faith hath saved thee; go in peace.

§ 47. JESUS, WITH THE TWELVE, makes a seconD CIRCUIT IN GALILEE. [See § 32.]

LUKE VIII. 1-3.

1 And it came to pass afterward, that he went throughout every city and village, preaching and showing the glad tidings of the kingdom of God: 2 and the twelve were with him, and certain women, which had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities, Mary called Magdalene, out of whom went 3 seven devils, and Joanna the wife of Chuza Herod's steward, and Susanna, and many others, which ministered unto him of their substance.5

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§ 48. THE HEALING OF A DEMONIAC. THE SCRIBES AND PHARISEES BLASPHEME.

Galilee.

MARK III. 19-30.

19, 20 And they went into an house. And the multitude cometh together 21 again, so that they could not so much as eat bread. And when his friends heard of it, they went out to lay hold on him: for they said, He is beside himself.

that this was Mary Magdalene, is wholly without foundation, and even contrary to all appearance; for she is evidently mentioned by Luke, as for the first time, in ch. 8. 2, and that not as a sinner, (like this woman,) but as afflicted formerly with seven devils, which is no certain evidence of a depraved life.-The omission of this woman's name is to be attributed, most likely, to delicacy of moral feeling in the apostles and evangelists, who could not help relating in the churches this most touching and instructive story, but yet thought it right to withhold the name.

1 Pence: the Roman penny (denarius) is considered equal in value to seven pence halfpenny of our money.

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