6th. That at some time within the next three months

7th.

8th.

9th.

from date, the commission shall again inspect the dairy and plant aforesaid, and if conditions are satisfactory, this approval shall be renewed. That the C. Brigham Company shall allow the commission or others to inspect its plant and dairy aforesaid at any time, and take samples of inspected milk without cost to the commission, at any point in its route to the consumer, for examination by its expert. The commission reserves the right to charge the C. Brigham Company for one examination of the milk a month. The commission reserves to itself the right to cancel its approval for any violation of its requirements for the production of inspected milk without notice, and to change said requirements on one month's notice.

Any certificate or approval of the Medical Milk Commission of Worcester is valid only so long as said commission continue its organization.

Over 11,000 quarts of this milk were used during the past summer at the clean milk station, and the opportunity of obtaining this milk, which was produced under the constant inspection of the commission, saved this committee many dollars, which during the two previous years had to be invested in securing clean milk.

Before the organization of the commission the attempts to produce clean milk for Worcester have been sporadic, and guided only by the indvidual producer's ideas of how such milk should be produced.

The

For over a year now, Worcester has had a supply of milk delivered in all parts of the city, which has been produced under requirements uniform among the fifty medical milk commissions of the United States and supervised and inspected by the local commission. demand for this milk has grown steadily until at present 300 to 400 quarts are delivered daily, and yet a large amount of milk is sold in this city to-day at the same price as inspected, without any of the rigid requirements which are insisted upon for inspected milk. In fact, one man, who gets ten cents for his milk, has on his bill, "Board of Health Inspection." Our Board of Health inspector does well if he can get around once a year. Such facts as these lead the commission to wonder if the value of inspected milk is appreciated.

The commission would like to call your attention to a few of the requirements which have been followed out in the production of this milk, and which in the opinion

of the best authorities are essential for milk which is intended for babies.

Of primary importance is the tuberculin test, which is required yearly.

This has been and will probably always be the greatest obstacle of agreement between the commission and the producer, until a more satisfactory test can be found or the test itself be perfected. The chief cause of trouble in our experience is that many cows react which are not sufficiently diseased to be dangerous to the consumer of her milk; in this way being a loss to the owner. Dr. Tonney of the Municipal Laboratories in Chicago, in an examination of that city's milk, found that 10.5 per cent. of samples examined caused tuberculosis in the Guinea pigs. Of supplies of milk as examined in New York city, Washington and Rochester, 8.3 per cent. show tubercular bacilli. He goes on to add, "Without entering into the question of the relative prevalence in human subjects of the human and bovine type of tuberculosis, which has been extensively dis

cussed at Johns Hopkins and at the Tuberculosis Congress in 1910, I believe it is safe to say that the problem of tuberculosis in milk supplies is of sufficient importance to warrant immediate steps for its eradication."

Chicago has passed an ordinance that all milk sold after January, 1914, shall be from tuberculin tested cows. Until that time all milk not obtained from such cows shall be pasteurized. It seems to the commission, from the review of the recent literature and from such action as Chicago has taken, that the physicians of this city ought to be aroused to the importance of demanding that milk which they recommend shall be from tubercular bacilli.

Our producers must have a good deal of encouragement to be willing to keep their herds tested and free from tuberculosis, because of the occasional financial loss which is coupled with it, and we know of no better way to give that encouragement than to patronize those who do.

The commission would also call to your attention the process of sterilizing the bottles before they are refilled. This is done by a long machine through which an endless chain runs. An open box of bottles with necks down are placed in this chain and into them is forced, as they pass along through the machine, warm water, hot alkaline solution, hot water and live steam, thus effectually sterilizing them. Very few, if any, producers sterilize their bottles, although we all recognize the importance of it when we remember the epidemics of recent years.

An acquaintance told me that early one morning he saw a boy deliver a bottle of milk at a house, take the empty bottle which he got in exchange to a neighboring watering-trough, rinse, fill with milk from a can,

and deliver it at the next house.

Again, the committee would like to call your attention to the bi-weekly report to the commission as to the health of the employees. This is a check which we guard against the spread of contagious diseases through feel is important, and which we think is an added safethe milk supply.

The commission through one or more of its representatives visit the farm frequently and have taken samples of milk for analysis weekly.

We believe that this analysis is as accurate a check on the condition of the milk from week to week as it is

possible to secure, and the amount of work which Prof. Kinnicutt has given the commission gratuitously in this way, only those who know what it is to make forty complete milk analyses will appreciate.

While the commission feels that the work of the first year has been a decided step in advance, yet they still believe that there is a need for a certified milk, a milk which will at all times be better than inspected milk, and which is bottled and sealed at the farm.

This naturally will cost more, but the added security which it would give to the consumer would be worth the extra cost.

The commission appeals to the profession and others to support this effort for better milk for this community, to offer suggestions which will further the cause and recommend, as they may have occasion, those producers which are making this greatest effort to produce such milk.

The commission has observed the increased demand for inspected milk especially among the new mothers, and the physicians who would be up to date must be

child.

A communication was received from Prof. U. Waldo Cutler advocating the establishment of an industrial museum in this city along the same lines as outlined in his article in the Worcester Magazine for December. The matter was referred to the Committee on Manufactures, of which Mr. Clinton S. Marshall is chairman, for investigation and report.

A communication was received from Mr. Charles Haggerty of the Webster Board of Trade complaining of the telephone service between this city and Webster, and the matter was referred to the Committee on Mer

cantile Affairs, of which Mr. Arthur O. Young is chairman, with the understanding that a conference shall be held with Mr. Haggerty to discuss what steps shall be taken to remedy existing conditions.

The Merchant Marine Committee of one hundred notified the Board that a national merchant marine

congress had been called at Washington, D. C., January 9-11, and extended an invitation to this Board to be represented by one or more delegates. It was voted that the matter of representation be left with the chair with power.

A communication received from the Merchants Association of New York advocating House Bill 22075, introduced by Hon. R. O. Moon, providing for an increase in the salaries of the judges in the Supreme Circuit and District Courts, was referred to the Committee on Leg

islation.

A communication from Director Charles E. Hildreth with reference to the State militia and the annual encampment, accompanied by a resolution from the Boston Chamber of Commerce, was laid on the table.

A report was submitted by Mr. Benjamin F. Curtis with reference to the recent hearing before the Interstate Commerce Commission at Washington on the subject of increased freight-rates in eastern classification territory. Mr. Curtis and Mr. Lorion were the delegates from this Board who went to Washington to protest against the proposed advances. Mr. Curtis' report appears elsewhere. It was referred to the Committee on Railroads and Transportation.

The Secretary read for information a report of progress from Hon. Robert Rantoul of the Boston Chamber of Commerce on the proposed Boston to Texas steamboat line. Mr. Rantoul gave in detail the opportunities for trade extension on the part of Worcester manufacturers in the Southwest. This matter was also referred to the Committee on Railroad and Transportation.

The President submitted a report of the recent meeting at the Boston Chamber of Commerce for the purpose of federating the various New England commercial organizations which he attended as a delegate. He was elected a member of the Committee on Organization, and stated that as such member he successfully resisted the proposition to compel each delegate to said federation to become a member of the Boston Chamber of Commerce as a prerequisite to representation. The directors unanimously endorsed the President's action.

An informal discussion followed with reference to the proposed abolition of the northern grade crossings. It was voted that the Secretary be instructed to secure and place on exhibition the set of plans proposed by the city for the abolition of these crossings, and that a public meeting be held under the auspices of this Board, to

Adjournment followed.

The Turin Exposition

A Practical Opportunity that 1911 will Bring Every Worcester Manufacturer to Increase the Volume

of his Foreign Trade with Little Outlay One of the most interesting and valuable expositions that has ever been held on the continent of Europe will be held next year when the International Exposition at Turin throws open its doors. This Exposition will differ from most of its predecessors inasmuch as it is to be devoted wholly to the exploitation and advancement of the mechanic arts. Naturally it affords an unusually fine field for the development of the foreign trade of this country, and a large number of American manufacturers, over 200 in fact, have already manifested their intention to take advantage of this opportunity for trade development and of being represented at Turin.

The Exposition management has established American headquarters at 21 Park Row, New York, but the bureau at that point is working very harmoniously with the New York Italian Chamber of Commerce which is stationed at 203 Broadway, and both bodies are co-operating with Mr. Albert C. Bonaschi, who is making the American canvass, and is, through an extensive acquaintance with the National Association of Manufacturers and the various other commercial organizations of the country, extra well qualified for the place.

Mr. Bonaschi recently visited Worcester, and at the suggestion of the Secretary of this Board prepared the figures given below, showing the relatively small expense it will be necessary for exhibitors to go to who are willing to make a collective exhibit at Turin whether they are from this city or any other.

Mr. Bonaschi says:

"Inasmuch as the most important details of the show, regarding the manner and conditions under which your manufacturers could be interested therein, were contemplated in our conversation, while other minor details will have to be settled as they come up, according to circumstances, I shall now give you an idea of the cost of such show, so that any firm participating in it shall beforehand have some figures on which to base its own calculation as to how much it is going to spend.

66

We will suppose a floor space of 1200 square feet, divided up among ten exhibitors, or an average of 120 square feet to each exhibitor: Space. Executive Committee's charges,

net, including ten general admission
fees for ten exhibitors, as according to
regulations each exhibitor must be reck-
oned as separate from others, unless
the show is made in the name of an
association....

Building the stand, elegantly roped in,
painting, decorating, sign for each
exhibitor, electric lamps, and installa-
tion for extra illumination-in fact,
everything in readiness for placing
exhibits, fittings pertaining thereto at

$410.00

Average cost for space, stand and decorations, with extra illumination for each exhibitor... $250.00 Minor Charges.-Transportation from New York or Boston to Turin exhibition grounds, for delivery on the very spot, including ocean freight, railroad Genoa to Turin, cartage from Turin warehouse to Exhibition, formalities for free entry through customs, etc. $20.00 per ton Fitting up exhibits and placing of fixtures, storage of empty packages, help and attendance, for each exhibitor... $20.00 Translating from English into Italian or French and printing folders to be distributed to visitors say about three pages, 3 by 3 inches-translation and composition, each exhibitor..... .$15.00 A good, competent man, a demonstrator speaking Italian, French and English, $150 per month; not over $900 for the season. Plus an all-around man, to clean, watch, etc., $300 for the season. Total..... . $1200.00

66

Or $120 for each exhibitor.

The above figures show that the average cost for each exhibitor will not exceed $430, or at most $450, everything included, with the exception, first, of the printing of a certain quantity of folders (the cost of composition and translation, however, being already included in the above figures); second, the cost of furniture and fixtures, which cannot be stated unless details are known; but they will not cost more, and perhaps less, in Turin than in Worcester. This can be easily ascertained.

"For your guidance this bureau was established by the Executive Committee of Turin, through the New York Italian Chamber of Commerce, for the purpose of facilitating the participation of American manufacturers in the Turin Exhibition. It has an agency in Turin in daily contact with the Executive Committee and the Deputy Commissioner from the United States, and has at his disposition a complete staff of engineers, carpenters, decorators, painters, electricians, etc., as well as demonstrators in the principal lines of manufactures and machinery. Therefore, all the American exhibitor has to do is to decide upon what to exhibit and then put the exhibit on the dock at Boston or New York, from the 10th to the 25th of February. Our bureau will do the rest, and insure a proper, efficient and imposing show, either collective or individual.

"Always at your disposition for whatever further information you may desire to have, I remain, with thanks for the courtesies shown me,

Very sincerely yours, ALBERT C. BONASCHI, General Manager International Exposition Bureau."

The Freight Rate Case What It Means to New England. Necessity for the Creation of a Local Traffic Bureau

The Worcester Board of Trade, the Boston Chamber of Commerce, and the New Haven Chamber of Commerce are the only three commercial organizations

in New England that have contributed to the expense involved in fighting the proposed freight-rate increases, and this Board sent two of its members to Washington, Messrs. Benjamin F. Curtis and Albert C. Lorion, to appear as witnesses before the Interstate Commerce Commission in opposition to these increases. Mr. Curtis has prepared a brief résumé of the facts brought out by the New England men in attendance on the hearings bearing out the contention of this Board that the advances proposed are not only burdensome but entirely uncalled for. His report to the directors follows:

You have all doubtless followed this case through the daily paper reports, in a general way. There is little that I could add to same, except comment.

Testimony showed that the proposed increases would mean additional earnings of $27,000,000 to the railroads. This must finally be paid by the consumer. For example, on butter, eggs, cheese. meats and poultry, a twenty per cent. increase would mean $2.50 advance per capita for New England.

While the wages of railroad employees have advanced, testimony shows that the gross earnings have advanced to even greater per cent.

Boston Chamber of Commerce was ably represented by Mr. D. O. Ives and Mr. L. D. Brandeis. Their work has attracted the attention of the country.

New England was represented by Mr. G. T. Miller. treasurer Bridgeport Brass Works. He testified that any advance in rates would limit the scope of territory for business of his company.

Mr. John S. Lawrence of Lawrence & Co., Boston, dealers in textile fabrics, represented six largest mills manufacturing cotton textile fabrics in New England. He said the proposed advance would cost his firm $75,000 a year more freight. Rates had already been advanced thirty-seven per cent. within the last eleven years.

A representative of Norton Company stated that the twenty per cent. advance in rates would cost his company $17,000 more in one year. On a specified western point the western competitor's advance was only eight cents per cwt., while the advance from New England was thirteen cents per cwt.

Mr. A. C. Lorion represented the Wright Wire Co., Graton & Knight Mfg. Co. and the Metal Trades Association, and stated any advance in rates would curtail their selling territory.

Mr. Edwin F. Fobes, president New England Confectionery Co., employing 20,000 people, testified that the proposed advances affected one-third of their trade, and with competition in the middle West, it would localize the manufacturers.

Mr. G. A. Stewart, representing Mitchell Woodbury Co., of Boston, dealers in crockery and china, testified along the same lines. The advances would seriously affect his trade.

Mr. Charles H. Jones, president Commonwealth Shoe & Leather Co., appeared for the New England Shoe & Leather Association. He stated that they had already been subjected to several freight advances in ten years. Further advances would be disastrous and would check the movement of shoes to western points.

To sum up the situation, the general feeling is that the testimony from the Atlantic seaboard shippers impressed the commission, and the probable result would be an advance of one-half the amount originally proposed.

There are several important things to be gathered from this and similar hearings from New England shippers:

First, the importance of attending same. Not five, but fifty should attend. Numbers impress a commission even if they don't testify. Recently, in another case, Chicago sent a trainload of their biggest manufacturers representing millions, and spent a week of their time simply booming Chicago. Is it any wonder they scored their point when New England sent two or three men for a day?

Second, New England must organize, as these matters of discrimination against New England have only commenced. In Worcester we should have a traffic I club and discuss and better understand these subjects. No one man knows it all. The progress of the West is largely due to co-operation and organization.

If each Worcester firm would have a representative attend a monthly meeting, it would assist the smaller company and promote the interest of conservative New England manufacturers.

Express Hearing Ordered

In Answer to Telegrams from this Board Interstate
Commerce Commission Announces its Intention

of Making a Thorough Investigation of
Express Rates

Members of the Worcester Board of Trade are familiar with the efforts being put forth by this organization, in common with some 208 other commercial bodies, to secure a general reduction in express rates.

On December 9 a letter was sent out by the Merchants' Association of New York stating that there was some danger that the Interstate Commerce Commission would not consider the petition in question, on the ground that the commission had two cases before it of somewhat similar tenor, although not so extensive in scope, and asking that this Board communicate with the Washington authorities urging them to give priority to our case.

In reply two telegrams were sent to Washington, one to the commission as a whole and the other to Mr. Commissioner Prouty, the New England member. The telegrams read as follows:

To the Interstate Commerce Commission,

Washington, D. C.:

In the matter of the investigation by your honorable body of the rates and charges by express companies and individual and joint classifications, regulations, etc., of said companies, the Worcester Board of Trade desires to join with the 208 other commercial organizations of the country in the request that you make a complete and sweeping investigation of all the facts with reference to the operations of the express companies, especially with reference to their alleged discriminations and extortions in violation of the act to regulate commerce, approved February 4, 1887, and the amendments thereto, as petitioned for by Hon. John W. Griggs et al., November 19, 1910.

The telegram to Mr. Prouty read as follows: Hon. Charles A. Prouty, etc.,

Washington, D. C.

We understand that there is a possibility that the petition for an investigation of the express companies asked for by 209 of the leading commercial organizations of this country will be indefinitely deferred. The

Worcester Board of Trade desires to protest against any such course. If the express companies have been maligned, they should be exonerated; if the express companies are guilty as charged, the shippers are entitled to relief. We understand the petitioners desire to offer testimony to substantiate their claims of extortion and discrimination. Is there any reason why they should not have an opportunity to do so?

In answer to the above the following prompt and perfectly satisfactory letters came back:

Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C., December 13, 1910.

Worcester Board of Trade, Worcester, Mass.

Gentlemen:

Kindly refer to my recent letter acknowledging a telegram from you which urged the granting of the petition filed by the Merchants' Association of New York in the express matter.

Commissioner Prouty submitted the matter to the commission yesterday, and it has been decided to grant this petition and make a general investigation of the express situation. This hearing has not been set definitely, but will be held in the near future. Respectfully,

C. M. FARRELL,
Confidential Clerk.
Interstate Commerce Commission,
Office of the Secretary,

Washington, December 14, 1910.

Rules throughout New England, beginning December 1, 1910, as amended by the Interstate Commerce Commission, and published in the tariffs of the railroads.

The undersigned has been designated by the Interstate Commerce Commission and appointed by the railroads as a Demurrage Commissioner, with offices in the Old South Building, 294 Washington Street, Boston, Mass., to arbitrate all doubtful or disputed cases growing out of the application of these demurrage rules which the shippers or the railroads desire to refer to him. The railroads will operate their demurrage departments as heretofore. The Demurrage Commissioner will act only in such cases as are not satisfactorily adjusted in direct negotiations between the shippers and the railroads.

The Commissioner is experimentally provided as an impartial investigator, to whom both the shippers and the railroads may freely refer.

It is expected that a high degree of satisfaction will come from this effort to work together. To this end the fullest confidence and the freest use of the Commissioner's office are cordially invited. Particularly, the Commissioner desires to hear from those shippers who are located remote from the railroad and, in consequence, feel the need of extended free time.

The Commissioner will in all cases appeal to the railroads to give their best service, and to the shippers to enable the railroads to do so by the prompt release of cars, in order that efficiency of transportation may be increased and that commerce may be facilitated. A. G. THOMASON,

Demurrage Commissioner.

The Northern Crossings Hearings Concluded on City Plans, January 10. Public Meeting by Board of Trade Gives First Real Information as to What City Proposes

For many months the people of the city of Worcester have been interested in the subject of the abolition of the northern grade crossings. It was known that a set of plans had been prepared by the city engineer for the purpose of completing the work already done in connection with the southern and western crossings, but for some reason the people, most directly interested had failed to attend either of the hearings held here or in Boston at which these plans were exhibited and discussed. Notices of these hearings were published in the several daily newspapers of this city, but they did not apparently reach the parties at interest. Realizing the danger that there might be from having these plans submitted to the commission and approved without their being examined by the abutters and those leasing property along the line, the Worcester Board of Trade secured the names of 200 people, parties at interest in these proceedings, either living or having places of business along the line of the Boston & Maine Railroad from Front Street to Barber's Crossing, and arranged a public meeting in Board of Trade Hall, at which there were present Assistant City Solicitor Clifford S. Anderson and Samuel H. Pitcher, C. E., the engineer who drew the plans. The President of this Board, Mr. Charles T. Tatman, presided, and although the night was one of the stormiest that December produced, the attendance was very large and included a large number of ladies. Intense interest was mani

fested in the plans, and they were subjected in some particulars to considerable criticism. It was the general expression from all those present that the Worcester Board of Trade had performed a most useful public service in arranging for this hearing, as many of those present had no knowledge whatever of what was proposed in the city's plans. The next and final hearing will be January 10 at City Hall, Worcester, and it is probable that a large number of those present at the Board of Trade meeting will be present either in person or by counsel at that time.

City Votes $500 for Work

John Nolen's Address on City Planning Bears Practi-
cal Fruitage and Board of Trade's Special
Committee on Washington Square
Rejoices

One of the most interesting features in connection with the work of this Board during the month of December was the address delivered by John Nolen of Cambridge, at the very beginning of the month, on the subject of" City Planning." Mr. Nolen, who is one of the most celebrated landscape architects in this country and shares with Charles Zueblin the reputation of being the leading expert in this particular field of civic development that the United States boasts, came east from St. Paul on purpose to deliver this address. It was given in Horticultural Hall and was attended by 300 of our leading citizens, and the interest aroused in the subject of city beautification justified the expense and effort necessary to secure Mr. Nolen's presence here. His address was punctuated with pictures, showing the best and the worst sides of our great American cities, and showing, as well, the comprehensive and practical way in which the problems of city beautification have been worked out abroad, notably in the municipalities of Germany.

One fruit of his exceedingly inspiring lecture was the voting of an appropriation of $500 by the city government later in the month for the purpose of having a survey made of Washington Square by a competent landscape architect, with the idea of beautifying that portion of the city so that it shall be worthy of the fine new union station that is to be thrown open to the public at that point this spring. The work of beautifying this square has been a project very near to the hearts of the officers of this Board for a long time, and for several months a special committee, headed by Mr. Arthur C. Comins of the Board of Directors, has labored industriously to bring this about.

The architect to be employed will work with the city engineer, and the result, thanks to the efforts of this Board, will be to make that section of the city a civic center of which Worcester and the State will be proud.

Worcester Publicity Association

Through the good offices of this Board the organization of the Worcester Publicity Association has been completed. By the formation of this association another potent force has been set to work for the advancement of our city and the development of its resources. The training of this body of live men in the development of private enterprises cannot fail to be of benefit when they combine to further worthy civic enterprises. This combination of effort is one to which every member is pledged. This Magazine has been selected as their official organ.