artillery, which was to arrive about five o'clock. On his way Lichnowski was near riding over a young democrat, who began to abuse him. The Prince hereupon went up to the guard, and gave in a report of the transaction, with his name and rank. The young man having overheard this, denounced him to his companions, and several shots being fired at them they attempted to ride back to the town, but found that they were surrounded on all sides. They then endeavoured to escape across the fields, but Major Auerswald was quickly stopped and dragged from his horse. The assassins, having thrown him on the ground, coolly deliberated where wounds would cause the greatest pain, and then fired into different parts of his body. Observing that life was not quite extinct, they left him, saying it was all the better, because he would have the more to suffer; but an old woman put an end to the unfortunate gentleman's agony by battering out his brains with a stone. Prince Lichnowski, after galloping about a field from which he could find no outlet, returned to the public promenade, where he was seized by a number of men, who, having literally slashed, slit, and scraped the flesh from his arms and part of his legs, left him with the remark, that this was enough for the present, and that he might afford them more sport when he had recovered a little. The prince, with the utmost difficulty, crawled to a neighbouring cottage, where he was kindly received. He had scarcely been there an hour when the same men, with many others, armed with guns, made their appearance and demanded his immediate surrender, which the hospitable people of the cottage refused. The wretches then made preparations to set fire to the house, and on hearing this the prince boldly stepped out to meet his fate. He was received with shouts of derision, and one of the leaders, dressed as a common labourer, declared that as the prince had always been a kind of Don Quixote he ought to die so: accordingly, they pulled off his clothes, and decked him with some sort of grotesque drapery; then forming a circle round him and pricking him with their knives and bayonets, they compelled him to keep constantly in motion: at last, tired of this sport, they fastened him to a wall, and, at a distance of only ten yards, fired more than twenty balls, most of them intentionally avoiding the vital parts; but after he had received three mortal wounds they went away laughing, and left him to suffer a little longer. In this state he was found by a patrol of Hessian cavalry, and carried, by his own desire, to the hospital, where the rest of those wounded in the riot had been received. He expired about an hour past midnight, after dictating a minute relation of these horrid scenes.

The site of Frankfort is commanded on the north by the gentle downs of the Roedenberg, behind which the Taunus range is visible. On the south it is united with Sachsenhausen, on the left bank of

the Maine, by a stone bridge. Until 1806 the city was begirt with walls and ramparts; these, however, have since been razed, and their site, with the glacis, is now covered with park-like grounds, vineyards, and trees. A fine road is carried round the whole, and beyond this, smiling gardens and tasteful villas again meet the eye. There still remain many narrow dark streets within Frankfort proper, and a multitude of old houses bedaubed with tasteless decorations; but, on the other hand, the squares and principal streets, more particularly the Belle Vue on the Maine, offer many truly palatial edifices, for the most part erected since 1814, from which period the restoration of Frankfort may be dated. The finest streets are the Zeil and the Neue Mainzer Strasse. The chief entrances of the city are seven large gates. The western or Bockenhenn gate is built on the plan of the Temple of Apteral Victory at Athens; and the upper main gate on the opposite side and near the river, on that of the Campus Militum at Pompeii. In front of the Friedborg gate is the monument erected by Frederick William II., of Prussia, to the memory of the Prince of HessePhilipstahl, and his fellow warriors, who fell at the storming of the town in 1792.

THINGS TO BE SEEN.-The Römer, or City Hall, whither the emperor formerly repaired after his coronation at the Cathedral, and near which the great popular festivities were held. The origin of this building is uncertain: it is believed to date from the fourteenth century, and has been built from time to time in a great variety of styles. The Kaisersaal in the Römer is worthy inspection; since 1556 it served as the banqueting hall of the emperors. It has of late been restored, and all the German emperors, from Conrad I., (912) until Francis II., are represented on the walls in oil portraits by the first masters. At present the Römer serves as a councilhouse, and as a repository for the city archives. Among these is the celebrated Golden Bull," a fundamental law promulgated by the Emperor Charles IV. in 1356, for fixing the mode of electing the sovereign.

THE BARTHOLOMEW'S KIRCHE, formerly the Dom, or Cathedral. This ancient church is built in the Gothic style, and in the form of a Roman cross. It contains a colossal statue of the patron saint, which is regarded as a master-piece of art. On the right of the grand choir a chapel is shown, in which the electors met and recognised the newly-crowned emperor. Here Bernard preached the Crusades, and, it is said, wrought miracles.

THE PFARRTHURM OF THE DOM is one of the latest specimens of old German architecture.

DANNECKER's far-famed statue of" Ariadne sitting on a Tigress" stands in the garden of the late Mr. Bethman, and should be visited before leaving Frankfort; it is to be seen daily.

N

STAEDEL'S INSTITUTE, so called after its founder, a wealthy merchant and trader, contains a collection of paintings of various schools, of which, however, much cannot be said.

THE PUBLIC LIBRARY contains a statue of Goethe by Monbesi. It is open on Tuesday and Thursday from 10 to 12; and on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, from 2 to 4.

THE PALACE OF THE PRINCE OF THURN AND TAXIS, standing in the Eschenheims, is the place of meeting for the plenipotentiaries who form the German Diet, but is not otherwise remarkable.

The house in which Goethe was born stands in the Hersch-graben, No. 74. His father's arms-three lyres-are still seen over the door. The birthplace of another remarkable Frankfort citizen, the late Mr. Rothschild, founder of the celebrated family of capitalists, is shown in the Judengasse, one of the most disgusting streets in the city. The Rothschilds have long quitted this unsavoury quarter, and now enjoy a large white, but somewhat dreary-looking mansion, near the road on the way from Frankfort to Hesse-Homburg. At the corner of the Dom-Platz is the house in which Luther for a time resided: it is marked by his bust, and his favourite motto, in Latin, "In quietness and confidence shall be your strength."

The

The traveller to whom historical reminiscence can compensate the absence of present grandeur, may visit the Saalhof, near the ferry, where formerly stood the Palace of Louis the Pious. Church of St. Leonard, too, occupies the spot where Charlemagne assembled his bishops and princes at the "Great Ford," from which Frankfort received its name. He may then, passing over 1000 years of history, visit St. Paul's Church, just to the north of the Römerberg, a building in nowise architecturally venerable, but in which the Frankfort Parliament, which voted the imperial crown to the King of Prussia, held its sittings. The fittings and insignia, with every memorial of the revolutionary period, have been removed, and the place has been restored to ecclesiastical

uses.

FIACRES may be engaged by the hour at the following rates for two persons:-Quarter of an hour, 12; half an hour, 24; threequarters of an hour, 36; and a whole hour, 48 kreutzers. When the time has exceeded one hour, further quarters are reckoned at 6 kreutzers each. Half fares in addition are charged when three or four persons are conveyed. No single drive in the city is charged at less than a quarter-hour fare. Two children are counted as one person; after midnight the rate is doubled; six kreutzers are charged for every package; two kreutzers are payable after the lamps of the vehicle are lighted: the turnpike tolls are payable by the person conveyed.

RAILWAYS,-Six railways connect Frankfort with the rest of The Taunus-Bahn runs six times a day to Mayence,

Germany.

Wiesbaden, and Biebrecht. The Maine and Neudar line has five trains daily to Darmstadt, Heidelberg, and Mannheim. The Maine and Weser-Bahn runs to Freiburg; the Soden-Bahn to Hochst and Soden: the regulation of its trains is greatly dependent on that of the trains of the Taunus-line. By the Hanan-line seven trains leave daily for that city; and the same number runs to Offenbach by the railway of that name.

OMNIBUSES leave six times a day for the Baths of Hamburg.

STEAMERS ply to Mayence, Bingen, and Wertheim, every day. The packets of the Netherlands, the Cologne, and Dusseldorf Companies maintain a constant intercourse between the towns throughout the entire course of the Rhine.

FREIBURG.

[Hotels: Zahringer St. of (best) Engel, Pfau, Sauvage, and Fohrenbach.]

Freiburg (Baden), the capital of the far-famed Breisgan, occupies one of the fairest situations in the Rhine country. The city lies within a crescent-like enclosure of high mountains covered with a mantle of the richest green, and crowned with monuments of the heroic period of Germany. From these heights the Freisam, upon which Freiburg is built, rushes down to the great plain of the Rhine, and furnishes streams to the water-course which art has led through the streets of the city. The traveller has thus in Freiburg the opportunity of choosing between a landscape garden-like in its aspect, and bounded by one of the noblest rivers of Europe, and the grandeur of mountain scenery. The walls which formerly constituted the immediate enclosure of Freiburg have disappeared, and their site is now agreeably occupied by tastefully-planned gardens and grounds. The finest views of the city and country are to be gained from the Schloss-berg (or Castle-hill), around which delightful walks are led.

Freiburg contains a population of 15,000 souls, only one-tenth of whom are Protestants. The broad Kaiser-street contains the best houses, and divides the city in half. Two of the streets are provided with fountains, which add to the picturesqueness of the aspect of the city. The Münster-platz is the principal square, and forms the market-place of the city. The Minster however forms, after all, the most attractive feature of Freiburg, one of the completest and most ancient Gothic structures in Germany. Tradition delivers that its construction was commenced in 1122 by Konrad, Duke of Lahringen, and completed by Konrad, of Freiburg, in 1272. St. Bernard is said to have preached the Crusade in this cathedral as early as in 1146. Inscriptions on the tower declare that its

square base existed in the thirteenth century; the higher portion and the pyramid are of later date. The most ancient portions of the church are the transepts and their outer turrets, and are in the Byzantine style. The new choir was begun in 1354; in 1471, Hans Reisenberg, of Gratz, carried forward the works, which were completed and the new building consecrated in 1513. With the exception of the portions otherwise specified, the whole building is constructed of red sandstone, is in the Gothic style, and has for its ground-plan the cross. The west tower, 380 feet in height, is unquestionably its noblest feature. The lower portion of the tower, which constitutes one-third of its total height, is square, massive, and simple, in the second portion the figure becomes octagonal and ornamented; and the whole is crowned with a pyramidal spire of stone open work of the greatest delicacy, and combining in the highest degree boldness and beauty. The portal and portico are exceedingly handsome, and highly adorned with pillars and sculpture. The internal grandeur of the church corresponds with its exterior aspect. The windows are filled with stained glass of rich colour, and covered with the quaintest devices of mediæval invention. Altars of wood and stone are most richly carved, and surmounted by paintings often fine. Saints and angels pray or bless from corbels and canopies, and every tradition of the ancient faith is symbolized in material forms.

Besides the minster, the Catholics possess the St. Martin's church, opposite the Rath house, in the western part of the city. This building is worthy of attention for its interior height. According to the tradition, Berthold Schwarz invented gunpowder in the cloister close by.

The Evangelical Protestants worshipped, until 1829, in the old convent chapel in the Pfaffengasse, when the Duke Ludwig resolved to provide them better accommodation by removing the pretty church of the abolished Cistercian monastery at Thènnenbach to Freiburg. The stones were carefully carried a distance of fifteen miles, and the church was erected near the Frankfort gate. It is called the Ludwig's kirche, in honour of its second founder. The former tower not corresponding with the style of the church, which was Byzantine, a new octagon tower was added by Habsch, the architect of the new building.

THE KAUFHAUS, opposite the cathedral in the Kaiserstrasse, was built in the sixteenth century. The lower part is a circular hall, supported on massive columns. Over this is a large hall with five high windows, between which are placed the statues of Maximilian I., Philip I. of Spain, Charles V., and Ferdinand I. harnessed, and bearing the insignia of the empire.

The railway from this place may be taken for Effringen, from where an omnibus takes the traveller to Basle. Railway, also, to