1791 Wesley, John. 1787 1863 Whately, Rev. Richard Poets-Laureate of England Source: Official Records There is no authentic record of the origin of the office of Poet-Laureate of England. According to Warton, there was a Versificator Regis, or King's Poet, in the reign of Henry III, (1216-1272), and he was paid 100 shillings a year. Geoffrey Chaucer (1328-1400) assumed the title of Poet-Laureate, and in 1389 got a royal grant of a yearly allowance of wine. In the reign of Edward IV, (1461-1483) John Kay held the post. Under Henry VII, (14851509) Andrew Bernard was the Poet-Laureate, and was succeeded under Henry VIII, (1509-1547) by John Skelton. Next came Edmund Spenser, who died in 1599; then Samuel Daniel, who died in 1619, and then Ben Jonson (app't'd 1619). Sir William D'Avenant was appointed in 1638. John Subject Preacher. Philos. Preacher. Theology. Abolitionist. Religion. Poet. Architect. Drama. Religion. Poet. Dryden was appointed in 1670 but was deposed at the Revolution. The others, with the date of appointment, when known, have been: Thomas Shadwell, 1689; Nahum Tate, 1692; Nicholas Rowe, 1715; the Rev. Laurence Eusden, 1718; Colly Cibber, 1730; William Whitehead, 1758, on the refusal of Gray; Rev. Thomas Warton, 1785, on the refusal of Mason; Henry J. Pye, 1790; Robert Southey, 1813, on the refusal of Sir Walter Scott: William Wordsworth, 1843; Alfred Tennyson, 1850 Alfred Austin, 1896; Robert Bridges, 1913 (died April 21, 1930); John Masefield, 1930. D'Avenant was the godson (and considered by some the natural son) of William Shakespeare He was 10 years old when Shakespeare died. Noted Painters of Great Britain 1836 1912 Alma-Tadema, Sir Lawr. Ancient Authors, Greek (B. C. years are in bold face.) Source: Historical Records Name. Subj. Tacitus, the son-in-law of Agricola, left an account of the German people, based on his own travels and partly on Caesar and other authorities. He was famous as an orator and historian. RUSSIAN LITERATURE AND MUSIC To the western world modern Russian literature is chiefly known through translations of Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky, Turgeniev, Chekhov, Gorky, and Andreyev. These classics are still published in the Soviet Union. In connection with the centenary of Tolstoy's birth the State Publishing House (Gosizdat) issued the novelist's collected works in 100 volumes. Although one of Russia's youngest arts, music is among those most highly developed. It originally grew out of the demands of the old aristocracy in the seventeenth century, seeking to imitate the aristocratic culture of western Europe. The first branch of music to reach excellence in Russia was the opera. Musicians of the Neapolitan school, such as Arraya, Galuppi, Cimarosa, and Paisiello, serving at the Tsar's court, produced Russia's first operas. These were followed by French importa tions. Toward the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries, native composers began to transform the material of Russian folk song into operas. The greatest of these early Russian composers was Mikhail Glinka, whose works were composed for the court, the nobility, and the new merchant class. Moussorgsky, Borodin, and Rimsky-Korsakoff based much of their music on Russian folk songs. The last-named, when a young officer in the navy of the Czar, visited New York City when his ship was in that port. Tschaikovsky drew some of his musical inspirations from Rossini and Verdi, and several of his compositions were based on Italian national melodies. The symphonies of the modern Russian composers are an entire departure from the styles of Beethoven and Mozart. Philosophy. Born Died 1079 1142 Abelard, Pierre. 1820 1889 Augler, (Emile) 1799 1850 Balzac, Honore. 1594 1654 Balzac, Honore. 1823 1891 Banville, Theodore de. 1862 1923 Barres, Maurice 1473 1524 Bayard, Pierre T 1821 1867 Beaudelaire, Charles. 1732 1799 Beaumarchais, P.... 1780 1857 Beranger, Pierre.. 1859 1941 Bergson, Henri.. 1827 1907 Berthelot, Marcelin. 1636 1711 Boileau, Nicolas. 1825 1901 Bornier, Henri de.. 1627 1704 Bossuet. Jacques B. 1852 1935 Bourget, Paul. 1845 1921 Boutroux, Emile. 1867 1926 Boylesve, René... 1755 1826 Brillat-Savarin 1707 1788 Buffon, George L. 1845 1935 Cambon, Jules M.. 1491 1557 Cartier, Jacques 1570 1635 Champlain, Samuel de.. 1541 1603 Charron, Pierre. 1768 1848 Chateaubriand, Fr. 1762 1794 Chenier, André.. 1786 1889 Chevreud, Michael 1619 1683 Colbert, Jean B. Born Died Drama. 1621 1695 La Fontaine, Jean de... Fables. Statesman. History. Philosophy. Soldier. 1930 Porto-Riche, de. 1697 1765 Prévost (l'abbe). 1803 Drama. Fiction. History. Stories. Religion. Statesman. 1743 1794 Condorcet, Marquis de.. Philosophy. 1621 1686 Conde, Prince de. 1767 1830 Constant, Benjamin 1842 1908 Coppée, Francois. 1606 1684 Cornellle, Pierre. 1792 1867 Cousin, Victor. 1674 1762 Crebillon. 1769 1832 Cuvier, George L. Literature. Philosophy. Encyclopedia. Soldler. 1854 1928 Curel, Francols de. 1840 1897 Daudet, Alphonse 1596 1650 Descartes, Rene... 1713 1784 Diderot, Denis. 1860 1935 Dreyfus, Col. Alfred... 1803 1870 Dumas, Alexander 1824 1895 Dumas, Alexander, Jr.. 1651 1715 Fenelon, Francois de S.. Fiction. Novelist. 1821 1890 Feuillet, Octave. 1821 1880 Flaubert, Gustave. Fiction. Drama. Rellg., Liter. 1875 Quinet, Edgard. 1495 1553 Rabelais, Francols. 1639 1699 Racine, Jean 1875 1937 Ravel, Maurice. 1573 1613 Regnier, Mathurin. 1823 1893 Renan, Ernest 1585 1642 Richelieu, Cardinal 1680 Rochefoucauld, Duc de la Morais. 1661 1741 Rollin, Charles. 1804 1869 Sainte-Beuve. Soldier Fiction. 1337 1410 Froissart. Jean.. 1838 1882 Gambetta, Leon. 1811 1872 Gautier, Theophile. 1892 1896 Goncourt, Edmond de. 1830 1870 Goncourt, Jules de.. 1787 1874 Guizot, Francois. 1842 1905 Heredia, Joseph M. de.. 1915 Hervieu. 1567 1622 Sales (St. Francois de). 1804 1876 Sand, George. 1831 1908 Sardou, Victorien 1696 1750 Saxe, Maurice de.. 1791 1861 Scribe, Eugene. 1626 1696 Sevigne (Mme. de). 1766 1817 Stael, Mme de... 1804 1857 Sue, Eugene. 1839 1907 Sully-Prudhomme 1893 Taine, Hippolyte A. 1856 Thierry, Augustin 1797 1877 Thiers, Adolphe. Soldier. Poetry. Drama. 1805 1859 Tocqueville. A. C. de. History. 1611 Poetry, Flot. 1675 Turenne, Vicomte de.. 1828 1905 Verne, Jules Soldier. Fiction. Fiction. 1799 1863 Vigny. Alfred de. Poetry. Soldier Soldier. 1431 1484 Villon, (Corbier) Francols 1598 1648 Voiture... Poetry. Poetry. Morals. Morals. Poetry. 1694 1778 Voltaire, (F. M. Arouet) 1840 1902 Zola, Emile... Fict., Religion Fiction George Sand, novelist and dramatist, was the daughter of Lieut. Maurice de Saxe and his wife, Sophie, daughter of a Paris pool room keeper. When 17 she was married to Baron Dudevant, by whom she had 2 children. Her real name, she said, was Armandine Lucile Aurore Dupin. Bartholdi was the sculptor who made the Liberty Statue now in N. Y. Harbor. Born Died) Name Noted German Personages 1840 1905 Abbe, Ernst 1770 1827 Beethoven, Ludwig Von. 1844 1929 Benz, Carl... 1836 1907 Bergmann, Ernst von.. 1815 1898 Bismarck, Otto von.. 1742 1819 Bluecher, Gebhart L.. 1827 1901 Boecklin, Arnold. 1831 1910 Bodelschwingh, Fried.von 1575 1624 Boehme, Jakob. 1771 1848 Boyen, Hermann von. 1833 1897 Brahms, Johannes.. 1829 1884 Brehm, Alfred.. 1778 1842 Brentano, Clemens. 1824 1896 Bruckner, Anton. 1811 1899 Bunsen, Robert. 1473 1531 Burkmair, Hans. 1832 1908 Busch, Wilhelm. 1754 1798 Carstens, Jakob A. 1726 1801 Chodowiecki, Daniel. 1740 1815 Claudius, Matthias.. 1780 1831 Clausewitz, Carl von. 1783 1867 Cornellus, Peter.. 1472 1553 Cranach, Lucas. 1834 1900 Daimler, Gottlleb.. 1606 1695 Derfinger, Georg. Source: Biographical Records Subject Subject Industry Patriot Essays Sculpture Painter von Philosophy Drama, Critic Painter Chemistry Poet 1812 1887 Krupp, Alfred. 1827 1891 Lagarde, Paul de.. 1741 1801 Lavater, Johann K. 1881 1919 Lehmbruck, Wilhelm.. 1844 1900 Leibl, Wilhelm. 1646 1716 Leibnitz, Gottfried. 1729 1781 Lessing, Gotthold E.. 1847 1935 Liebermann, Max.. 1803 1873 Liebig. Justus von. 1844 1909 Liliencron, Detlev von. 1848 1896 Lilienthal, Otto.... 1811 1886 Liszt. Franz. 1865 1937 Ludendorff, Erich. 1483 1546 Luther, Martin 1837 1887 Marees, Hans von. 1818 1883 Marx, Karl.... 1260 1327 Meister, Eckehart. 1497 1560 Melanchton, Phil.. 1440 1494 Memling, Hans 1822 1884 Mendel, Gregor. 1815 1905 Menzel, Adolf von. 1733 1815 Mesmer, Friedrich A. 1800 1891 Moltke, Helmuth v.. 1804 1875 Moerike, Eduard. 1817 1908 Mommsen, Theodor.. 1756 1791 Mozart, Wolgang A. 1844 1900 Nietzsche, Friedrich. 1853 1932 Ostwald, Wilhelm. 1789 1869 Overbeck, Friedrich 1796 1835 Platen, August Graf von. 1831 1910 Raabe, Wilhelm 1795 1886 Ranke, Leopold von. 1867 1922 Rathenau, Walther 1777 1857 Rauch, Christian. Military Painter Painter Engineer Soldier 1858 1913 Diesel, Rudolf.. Engineer 1797 1848 Droste-Huelshoff, A. von Poetess 1471 1528 Duerer, Albrecht. Painter 1854 1915 Ehrlich, Paul. Science 1816 1859 Rethel, Alfred. 1810 1874 Reuter, Fritz. 1803 1884 Richter, Ludwig. Soldier Painter Philosophy 1468 1531 Riemenschneider, Tilman Novelist Poet, Drama. Drama Drama Essays, Fict. Essays, Fict. Painter Inventor Philos., Scien. Music Zoologist Philosopher Religion 1638 1701 Starhemberg. E. Graf von Soldier 1757 1831 Stein, Karl von. 1897 Stephan, Heinrich von... Postmaster Music 1770 1797 1831 Hegel, Georg W. F 1856 Heine, Heinrich.. Drama Poet Philosophy Statesman 1831 1805 Poet 1817 1821 1894 Helmholtz, Hermann von Physics 1744 1803 Herder, Joh. G. von.. Writer 1868 Stifter, Adalbert. 1888 Storm, Theodor.. 1455 1533 Stoss, Veit. 1825 1899 Strauss, Johann. 1857 1928 Sudermann, Hermann 1839 1924 Thoma, Hans... 1842 1926 Thyssen, August.. 1849 1930 Tirpitz, Alfred von.. 1834 1896 Treitschke, Heinrich von. 1848 1911 Uhde, Fritz von. Novelist 1770 1843 Hoelderlin, Friedrich Poet 1787 1862 Uhland, Ludwig Poet 1769 1859 Humboldt, Alexander von Scientist 1821 1902 Virchow, Rudolf. Physician Sculpture Poet,Transl't Kopernicus, Nikolaus (Nicholas) Copernicus (Prussian or Polish), astronomer, born 1473; died 1543. 1455 1529 Vischer, Peter 1751 1826 Voss, Johann H. 1832 1920 Wundt, Wilhelm. 1759 1830 York, Hans D. L. Music Philosophy Soldier |