no fear that an eruption will take place while they are at the foot of the mountain. That considerable heat still remains in the volcanic reservoirs below, however, is shown by the steam jets that continue to issue at the summit and by the warm springs at Longmire. Mount Rainier bears a greater number of glaciers than any other peak in the continental United States. A study of the map will show great arms of ice extending from the summit down the mountain sides to end in rivers far below. Six great glaciers appear to originate at the top of the peak.

The University of Washington is in Seattle: State College in Pullman; Gonzaga University in Spokane.

mi.; rank, 40th-Population, 1,901,974; rank, 25th. tier soldiery in the Continental Army in the east. and gave impetus to the conquest of the Illinois country by General George Rogers Clark.

It is essentially mountainous. the Appalachian Range having several spurs therein. Its western parts drain into the Ohio River, and its eastern portions down the Potomac River to the Atlantic Ocean. The climate is moderate, and between the north and south extremes.

The State is a heavy producer of soft coal, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, iron and steel products. glass and glassware, chemicals and chemical products. Millions of dollars have been invested in chemical plants in the Kanawha Valley.

West Virginia produces more hardwood than any other State, excepting Arkansas, and has vast timber wealth, including yellow poplar, birch, ash, oak, spruce, hemlock and walnut.

The chief agricultural products are wheat, corn, oats. hay, potatoes. tobacco, apples, peaches. plums and grapes.

The date of the appearance of the first white settler in what is now West Virginia is unknown. Recently discovered records in England indicate that probably pioneers had crossed the Potomac and located on or near the site of Shepherdstown (as early as 1719). Morgan was recorded as a settler near Bunker Hill, Berkeley County (by 1726). Out of the groups of French and English settlers and the struggle between them, came the French and Indian War. In this took place the first armed conflict on West Virginia soil. Dunmore's War followed in which the pioneers took a part. serving at the battle of Point Pleasant at the mouth of the Great Kanawha (Oct. 1777) and in the expedition into the heart of the wilderness of Ohio, where at Camp Charlotte, preliminaries were agreed upon with the Indians, out of which grew the treaty of Pittsburg by which the Indians were kept quiet until 1777. This action had a profound influence upon permitting operations of the fron

In the American Revolution, no region sent more men to the east under Washington and his subcommanders, or did more valiant defense of the "back door" of the embryonic United States, than did the men from West Virginia. These days found the pioneers forced to wage war against the British from the sea and the Indians from beyond the Ohio. Indeed from the west the closing days of the Revolution blended into the so-called later Indian wars which only ended at the battle of Fallen Timbers (Aug. 20, 1794) where General Anthony Wayne broke the power of the savage. Several conflicts at arms took place on West Virginia soil.

In the Whiskey Insurrection (1794) hundreds of "west" Virginians rendezvoused at Moorefield, preparatory to marching into Pennsylvania. In the War of 1812 many men marched to Norfolk to defend the shores of Virginia from the English. A brigade collected at Point Pleasant and marched across the state of Ohio, to serve in the Maumee River region under General Benjamin Harrison. In the War with Mexico. West Virginians responded to the call of the Governor of Virginia for volunteers and several hundred saw service in and around Mexico City, including a young man named Thomas J. Jackson. from Weston, who emerged from the Civil War as "Stonewall Jackson. Five companies from Jefferson and Berkeley Counties saw service (Oct. 1859) in the John Brown "Insurrection."

With the opening of the, Civil War (1861) the first engagement of the war took place at Philippi (June 2, 1861). Skirmishes, battles, and other affairs at arms were in evidence almost continuously until the spring of 1865.

Mineral Springs at White Sulphur and Greenbrier County, West Virginia, are world famous.

Among higher institutions of learning are University of West Virginia, in Morgantown; West Virginia State College, in Institute; and West Virginia Wesleyan, Buckhannon.

chiefly, and the fisheries on the lakes are highly productive.

is

Agriculture is the leading industry and everything grown in the north temperate zone produced, in grains, vegetables and fruits, agriculture being especially well diversified-corn. wheat, rye, barley, hay, flaxseed, potatoes. sugar beets, with considerable quantities of tobacco for cigar wrappers, hops, peas, sorghum and maple syrup. More peas are canned than in any other State, and more hemp raised. The State ranks high in cranberry production and also produces apples, cherries and plums. Wisconsin is a leader in the number of dairy cows, in cheese production and in the output of condensed milk products and casein.

Manufactures include lumber cut in the Great Lakes region. The State ranks high in butter production; refines much beet sugar, makes much woodwork and implement products, considerable pig iron output, ranks fifth in zinc production, fourth in iron ore output, the valuable hematite kind

The story of Wisconsin forests, as of all of the Lake States, is tragic. Naturally, almost the entire valuable hardwoods. Lumbering proceeded without State was covered with pine. hemlock, and the regard to conservation, until more than 8,000,000,000 ft. were cut annually: until exhaustion of supply cut production. The cut (1899) was 3,389,166 M. bd. ft.; and (1933) was 186,000 M. bd. ft. The estimated stand is about 2.000.000 M. bd. ft. There are wide areas of cut-over forest lands, with scattered timber tracts left.

Superior, at the head of Lake Superior, opposite Duluth, is the main terminus of the Great Northern Railway, and has great ore, lumber, wheat and coal dockage. with considerable manufacturing of iron products.

The Wisconsin Unemployment Compensation Act. the first adopted by any American State, went into effect (July 1, 1934), affecting more than 1,500 employers and about 400,000 employees receiving less than $1.500 annually each.

Wisconsin was the first State to set up (1917) a cooperative crop reporting organization jointly with the Federal Government a system which has since been adopted by forty States.

A law was passed (1939) restricting labor picketing to labor disputes which are defined as a difference between an employer and a majority of his

employees in a collective bargaining unit resulting in a strike or a lockout.

Wisconsin is rich in lakes and resorts that beckon the tourist. Devils Lake in Sauk County is set between mammoth quartzite bluffs. It is fed by springs and has no visible outlet. Ripple marks made by waves 700,000 to 1.000.000 years ago may be seen on the rocks and scratches made by glaciers may be found on the bluffs. A series of waterfalls in the Bad River four miles from the city of Mellen annually attracts thousands of visitors. The principal falls, because of the copper colored rocks which flank it, has long been known as Copper Falls.

Jean Nicolet was the first white man known to set foot on Wisconsin soil. He arrived at the mouth of the Fox River (1634) and landed either at Red Banks or at Dotys Island up the river near Neenah. The source material for early Wisconsin history. the "Jesuit Relations" which were reports sent by the Jesuit missionaries in New France to their order in Europe, merely says. "When they (Nicolet and his companions) reached their destination they fastened two sticks in the earth and hung gifts thereon so as to relieve these tribes from the notion of mistaking them for enemies to be massacred."

Its waters flow in all directions, drainage by the Green River to the southwest, by the Yellowstone and Snake Rivers to the northwest, by the Big Horn to the north, and by the North Platte. Sweetwater and Laramie Rivers to the southeast, none of them navigable.

The climate is that of the rarefied air of high elevations, and is salutary, with severe winters and pleasant summers, moisture precipitation being low at about 12 inches mean annually.

The soil in its entirety requires irrigation and there are more than 5,000 miles of ditches in the State. The crops include corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, hay, alfalfa and fruit. No State produces a sugar beet with a higher sugar content, and the average yield for the beets is 13.5 tons an acre. The production of certified seed potatoes is extensive. Great mineral resources, not fully developed, include coal, petroleum, gold, silver, iron and copper. Since the days of the cattle kings the State has been recognized as one of the greatest of livestock States; more than 800,000 head of fine beef cattle and 4,000,000 head of sheep and lambs graze on the prairies, ranches and farms. The wool clip is of great value. Dairying is important in several sections.

The University of Wyoming is in Laramie. The first guaranty of equal suffrage to women in the United States was contained in the Act of 1869 of the Territorial Legislature of Wyoming. The Constitution, subsequently adopted by the voters of Wyoming, was confirmed by Congress (July 1, 1890) and Wyoming was admitted into the Union.

Many tourists visit the State to enjoy the ranch life which retains much of the flavor of the Old West. The Shoshone Indian Reservation is in the west central part of the State.

The first white settlement established (about 1834) was old Fort Laramie, now a national monument. The area had been used by trappers (about 1820) and was explored (1743) by Sieur de la Verendrye and his sons, from Canada, who traveled as far south as Wind River.

Yellowstone National Park (3,438 sq. m.), the oldest and best known of the national parks (set aside in 1872) is principally in the extreme northwestern portion of Wyoming but partly in Idaho and Montana. High above sea level (6,000 ft. and over) it is heavily forested and is a game preserve and bird sanctuary The Great Falls of the Yellowstone are higher than Niagara. In the Park are found more and greater geysers than in all the rest of the world put together, and Old Faithful Geyser is the greatest single attraction in the United States national parks. The region has no rival, and was discovered by John Colter (1807). The Grand Teton National Park (150 sq. m.)

Thermopolis Hot Springs, in Hot Springs County, is one of the outstanding geological phenomena of the world. It is the largest hot spring known, flowing 18,600,000 gallons of water at 135 degrees Fahrenheit every 24 hours, which contain mineral properties adaptive to the successful treatment of rheumatism, infantile paralysis and similar disorders. The Saratoga Mineral Hot Springs are in Carbon County. Mammoth Hot Springs in Jupiter Terrace is the largest hot spring terrace in the world.

There are as well two other national monuments, Devils Tower (the first national monument) and Shoshone Cavern; 11 national forests and two State parks.

The Grand, Middle, and South Tetons comprise the historic Trois Tetons, which were noted landmarks to the trappers and explorers of the early 19th century. Eleven peaks are of such boldness and prominence that they receive rank as major peaks. In order of descending altitude they are: Grand Teton, 13.766 ft.: Mount Owen, 12.922: Middle Teton, 12.798; Mount Moran, 12.594: South Teton. 12.505: Mount Teewinot. 12.317: Buck Mountain, 11.923 Nez Perce, 11.900: Mount Woodring. 11.585: Mount Wister, 11,480; and Mount St. John. 11.412. Up to the beginning of the last century Indians held undisputed sway over the country dominated by the Trois Tetons. Then, as now, Jackson Hole was literally a happy hunting ground, and, while the severe winters precluded permanent habitation. during the milder seasons, bands of Indians frequently entered the basin on hunting or warring expeditions. They represented many tribes, usually hostile to each other. The dreaded Blackfeet, the Crows, the Nez Perce, the Flatheads, the Shoshoni, and others.

On the Jackson Hole side the Teton Range presents one of the most precipitous mountain fronts on the continent. Except for Teton Pass. at its southern end, the range is practically an insuperable barrier. Forty miles in length, it springs abruptly from Jackson Hole and only a few miles west of its base attains elevations of more than 13.000 ft. above the sea. Thus most of the range is lifted above timber line into the realm of perpetual snow, and in its deeper recesses small glaciers still linger. The grandeur of the beetling gray crags, sheer precipices, and perennial snow fields, is enhanced on this side by the total absence of foothills and by contrast with the relatively flat floor of Jackson Hole, from which they are usually viewed.

The Teton Range may be described as a long block of the earth that has been broken and uplifted along its eastern margin, thus being tilted westward. Movement of this sort along a fracture is what the geologist terms "faulting." The total amount of uplift along the eastern edge of the block amounts to more than 10.000 ft. Doubtless this uplift was accomplished not by one cataclysm but by a series of small faulting movements distributed over a very long period. Probably the time of faulting was as remote as the middle of the Tertiary period (the period just before the Ice Age, the latest chapter of the earth's history).

Alaska, an Organized Territory of the United States, with an area of 586,400 square miles, including the Aleutian Islands, occupies the northwestern part of the North American continent, with all the islands near its coast except Bering and Cooper Islands. It is bounded on the north by the Arctic Ocean, the east by the

Yukon Territory of Canada and British Columbia, the southwest by the Pacific Ocean and on the west by Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean. At the end of the Peninsula is the Valley of 10,000 Smokes (near Katmal), so named because of the constant discharge of vapor from lands thick with volcanic formations. Southeast

Alaska is a narrow strip between Canada and the Pacific Ocean, to the west of which lies the Alexander Archipelago. The Yukon (2,400 miles) is the principal river. Its chief tributaries are the Tanana, Porcupine and Koyukuk.

Affected by the warm Japanese current, the coastal temperature rarely falls below zero and rises to 80 degrees in the summer. The section has abundant rainfall. In the interior there is a difference of 150 degrees between winter and summer temperatures; in some parts 60 below in winter and 90 above in summer.

The 1940 population is 72,524, an increase of 13,246 in the decade. The 1939 population of the chief cities: Juneau, 5,729; Ketchikan, 4,695; Anchorage, 3,495; Fairbanks, 3.455; Sitka, 1,987; Petersburg, 2,187; Wrangell, 1,162.

Alaska has vast forests along the coasts, of which more than 21 million acres are in forest reservations, from which the total annual cut is between 40 and 50 million board feet.

Russia offered (as early as 1855) to sell the territory to the United States. The offer was declined. During President Buchanan's administration negotiations for purchase were opened, but were called off by Russia after an offer of $5,000,000 had been made. Credit for the final purchase is given William H. Seward, Secretary of State under President Johnson, and the treaty of purchase was signed (4 A.M., March 30, 1867) and sent to the Senate for ratification the same day. Articles were exchanged and the treaty proclaimed by President Johnson (June 20, 1867). Formal transfer of the territory took place at Sitka (Oct. 18, 1867). The purchase price was $7,200,000. At first a district (or unorganized territory), by an act of Congress (approved August 24, 1912) Alaska was made a Territory. The Governor is appointed by the President for a term of four years.

Mt. McKinley National Park (3,432 square miles) the second largest National Park in the United States (established 1917) was created primarily to protect the great herds of mountain sheep and caribou on this part of the Alaska Range. Mount McKinley (20,300 feet) is the highest mountain in North America. Rising from an elevation of only 2,000 feet, this mountain (from its base to the top) is the highest in the world.

Glacier Bay National Monument, in Southeastern Alaska (created 1925) was (1939) increased to 3,850 square miles, to include the Fairweather Range of high peaks and glaciers, with Mt. Fairweather (15,300 feet) the loftiest peak. It abounds with magnificent scenery and wildlife on land and water.

Katmai National Monument on the mainland opposite Kodiak Island, created (1918) and enlarged (1931) contains 4,212 square miles and is a great wild life reserve noted for its abundance of Alaskan brown bears and many grizzlies.

Alaska is a hunter's paradise. Seldom can one be in a country where hunting is possible with so few restrictions. Hunting the Alaska brown bear is a dangerous sport and the Game Commission demands that each non-resident hunter be accompanied by a registered guide. Big game are protected under a law approved by the President (Jan. 13, 1925) and administered by the Commisison of five Alaskans. Rivers and lakes afford excellent fishing and deepsea "strip-fishing" for salmon has become a favorite sport in Southeastern Alaska.

The entire Territory, except the far north. is covered with trails. The Alaska Road Commission, created by the Act of Congress (1905) has charge of the existing system of roads and trails except those in the National Forests. Of the 2,366 miles of road, 950 miles are connected in one system making it possible to drive from the coast at Valdez by way of Fairbanks to the Yukon River (533 miles). The McKinley National Park road is 93 miles in length.

protecting the future subsistence sources of the 15,000 native Eskimos who depend upon that animal as an essential source of food and clothing and in August (1939) appropriated $795,000 under the Reindeer Act which was to carry out this plan. The work was completed by the end of the fiscal year, approximately 90,000 animals having been purchased from non-native owners. Reindeer Servíce activities are directed by the general reindeer supervisor. with headquarters at Nome. The industry contains 31 reindeer associations, 59 different ranges. There are 4,600 reindeer owners with approximately 250,000 reindeer (a conservative estimate) wolves having taken a large toll of the herds in recent years.

Mink, blue and silver foxes are the most important, Fur farming continues an important industry. but many ranchers are experimenting with white fox, marten, land otter, beaver and fitch. Furs shipped (1939) were valued at $1,892,968, not including the fur seals, and represented a decrease of 131,444 fur pelts shipped over the previous year, and a decrease of $44,402 in total revenue. On a cash return to trapper and rancher, beaver led, with 31,397 pelts valued at $463.105. Mink was second, with 42,883 pelts ($418,109); 9,426 blue foxes brought $216,798. Fur farmers in the country Fur Station, at Petersburg, where projects are being look with favor upon the Territorial Experiment carried on in feeding, disease, management and housing of mink, blue fox, silver fox and marten. During the year the Alaska Game Commission issued 220 fur-farm licenses. In addition to its regular wildlife agent personnel, the commission had 71 licensing officers on its rolls and 78 registered guides. These guides are authorized to enforce the game laws.

Seal killing on the Pribilof Islands was brought under control (1910) and pelagic sealing prohibited by treaty (1911). There were 60,473 fur-seal skins taken at the Islands (1939) of which 47,646 were from St. Paul Island and 12,827 from St. George Island. As in previous years, killings were confined insofar as possible to surplus 3-year-old males. The computation (as of Aug. 10, 1939) showed 2,020,774 seals in the Pribilof herd, an increase of 148,336 over the preceding year.

Other industries are fishing, canning and quarter billion pounds a year (about 7,000,000 mining. The pack of canned salmon averages a cases). The 109 canneries operating (1939), 11 more than the previous year, employed 24,921, an increase of 2,641. Ketchikan boasts that more salmon is canned in that city than any other in the world.

The whaling station, at Akutan, the only one operated (1939), employed 109 persons. The catch of 171 whales produced 246,000 gallons of body oil ($85,915): 132,750 gallons of sperm oil ($33,188); and 180 tons of meal from meat ($12,469); 180 tons of bone meal ($4,959) and 8,200 pounds of sperm jawbone ($410); a total value of $136,941 and a decrease of $42,700 in the year. Three steam whalers were operated, 2 less than the preceding year.

Persons employed in commercial fisheries numbered 30,572. The total value of the manufactured Alaska fishery products (1939) was $40,104,493. The estimated approximate value of the catch, exclusive of whales, to the fishermen was $11,321,000. Gold is mined in Southeast Alaska; also in the interior along the Yukon River; and at Nome and several other places in the west. Other minerals are silver, platinum, copper, coal and petroleum. Coal and petroleum production is increasing. The University of Alaska is near Fairbanks in College. There are high schools and elementary schools for whites and also separate ones for the Indians.

There were in air service in Alaska (1940) 175 planes which carried 31,435 passengers and covered 3,598,790 miles. Passenger miles flown were carried, 4,835,892 5,745,804; freight and mail pounds, of which 520,232 was mail. Aviation fields, many of the emergency class, number 121, with 12 seaplane floats. A system of meteorological range stations and radio beam stations is under installation by the Civil Aeronautics Authority from Ketchikan to Nome. Bi-weekly air service between Seattle and Junea was inaugurated (May, 1940).

The trade of Alaska is almost entirely with the United States. Imports of merchandise from the United States are chiefly meat products, dairy products, eggs, grains, vegetables, fruit, tobacco, cotton and wool manufactures, logs, boards, etc., paper manufactures; petroleum, iron and steel manufactures; motor and other vehicles.

The Hawaiian Islands, an Organized Territory of the United States-the crossroads of the Pacific-are 20 in number, of which nine are inhabited, lying in the North Pacific Ocean in longitude 154° 40-160° 30' west, latitude 22° 16'-18° 55' north, and more than 2,000 miles from the nearest mainland. The group extends for 390 miles from northwest, to southeast, comprising 6,407 square miles of which 4.030 square miles are in Hawaii. The islands are mountainous and volcanic in origin, filled with extinct craters, Haleakala on Maui being the largest in the world. On the Island of Hawaii is Mauna Kea (altitude 13.784 ft.), quiescent, and Mauna Loa (altitude 13,686 ft.), active. Sixteen miles east of the latter is the largest active volcano in the world, Kilauea (altitude 4,090 ft.) with its "pit of eternal fire"; a wonderful feature of the Hawaiian National Park.

There are more than 1,000,000 acres in the forest reserves, and the total area of public lands exceeds 1,500,000 acres. The soil is fertile and all tropical and sub-tropical fruits and vegetables are grown.

The two chief crops are cane sugar (averaging about one million tons a year), and pineapples, most of which are canned as fruit or juice, and in those forms exports approximate 500 million cans yearly. Sugar retained its position as the leading industry, the total value of shipments (1939) being $55,217,960, of which total $53,973,169 represented the raw, and $1,244,791 the refined product. The $51,069,686 valuation of the pineapple crop (1939) to the mainland consisted of fresh pineapples, $230,188; canned, $34,098,779; juice, $16,723,754; alcohol, $16,965.

Merchandise purchases from the mainland are chiefly meat and dairy products, grains, fodders, beverages, rubber and manufactures, tobacco, textiles, wood manufactures, paper, petroleum, coal, quarry products, and iron, steel, copper and glass manufactures, which were valued (1939) at $101,817,230; shipments to the mainland, $113,206,898, an increase of $16,650,219 in the year.

The islands are becoming increasingly popular as a tourist center. During the calendar year (1939) a total of 65,431 arrived, of which number 24,390 were tourists who spent two days or more in the Territory. The Pan American Clippers furnish over-night service between Hawaii and the Pacific Coast of the United States.

There are 66,485 privately owned motor vehicles registered in the Territory of which 45,400 are in the City and County of Honolulu and 8,390 in the County of Hawaii. Regular air service for the transportation of passengers, mail and express among the islands of the Hawaiian group is maintained. Total mileage flown during the fiscal year (1939) was 476,797; passengers carried, 24, 146.

The native population of Hawaii at the time of discovery has been estimated at about 200,000. With civilization it has dwindled and the race seems destined to disappear through intermarriage and other stocks rather than by death.

The population (1940) is 423,330, an increase of 54,994 or 14.9% over 1930.

Population growth by Districts was: Island (county)

1939 Pop. 154,476

1938 Pop.

City of Honolulu

153,073

Rural Oahu

74,067

74,110

City of Hilo

16,459

16,700

Rural Hawaii

64,493

County of Kalawao

521

County of Kauai

39,914

County of Maui

62,958

65,253 504 40,354 63,594

by racial origin, Portuguese, 30,708; Puerto Rican, 7,736; Spanish, 1,219; total, 107,381. Japanese number 155,042; Filipino. 52,430; Chinese, 28,601; Korean, 6,738; all others, 941. Complete total, 414,991.

The Hawailan Islands were discovered by Capt. Cook (1778) and there he met his death on his second visit (1779). King Kamehameha brought the islands under one rule (1791). Hawaii became a constitutional monarchy in (1840). A revolution drove Queen Lilluokalani from the throne (1893). An attempt to secure annexation to the United States failing, a republic was proclaimed (July 4, 1894). On the outbreak of the SpanishAmerican War a treaty of annexation was negotiated, ratified by the Hawaiian Senate, and consummated by a joint resolution of Congress (July 7 1898). Hawaii was created a Territory, an intergral part of the United States, and its government provided for by the organic act of April 30, 1900, The chief executive officer of the Territory of Hawali is the Governor (Joseph B. Poindexter (D.), appointed Jan. 30, 1934; reappointed Mar. 13, 1938), who is appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate for a four-yearterm, and who must be a resident of the islands for three years to be eligible for appointment, which applies as well to all other Territorial positions for which nominations are made by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The Territorial Secretary who serves as Acting Governor during the absence or illness of the Governor is appointed in this manner, but the heads of the Territorial departments are appointed by the Governor, with the approval of the Territorial Senate.

The Legislature of Hawaii consists of the Senate of 15 members, elected for four-year terms: and the House of Representatives, of 30 members, elected for two-year terms. The Delegate tc Congress is elected every two years, and has floor privileges in the house, but no vote.

The islands expressed their desire for statehood at the elections (1940) with 39,413 voting in favor and 19,911 against.

Honolulu, on the Island of Oahu, is the capital and chief commercial city and port of the islands. It has a fine natural harbor. It has never been hotter than 88 degrees or colder than 56 degrees in the records of the U. S. Weather Bureau.

The Federal Government maintains a large army post on the island with quarters for a division of 30,000 men at Schofield Barracks and the subsidiary forts. The Navy Department has a large base at Pearl Harbor with drydock and two others under construction. The Hawaiian Detachment, consisting of 30 of the principal vessels of the U. S. Scouting Fleet, was based for the first time in Pearl Harbor (1939) possibly permanently, the Navy Department having designated Honolulu as their home port. The military reservation Kapolei was made a permanent military post (Nov. 23, 1934) and designated Fort Barrette. There are also an aviation field and radio station.

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The United States flag was hoisted over Wake Island (July 4, 1898) by Gen. F. V. Greene, commanding Second Detachment Philippine expedition. With its two sister islands, Wilkes and Peale, it is in the direct route from Hawaii to Hong Kong, about 2,000 miles from the first and 3.000 miles from the second: and 1,290 miles from Guam. The group is 412 miles long and 11⁄2 miles wide and the total land area is about 2.600 acres.

The Midway Islands, owned by the United States. are a group in the North Pacific, 1,200 miles northwest of the Hawaiian Islands. A relay cable station of the Commercial Cable Company is established there. The area of the group is 28 square miles, and population (Census, 1930) was 25, increased to 118 (1936); both are included in the totals for Hawaii.

Wake and the Midway Islands are under the