purposes are probably of the most cramping and flimsy construction. As the middle passage' is comparatively short, the owners are more likely to stow the unhappy sufferers close, and to lay in a precarious stock of provisions.

With respect, however, to slavery at Tripoli, some mitigating circumstances are mentioned by Captain Smyth; such as, that pregnant women are not sold as slaves. The children of slaves are free. Slaves are permitted to plead their own cause."

"Sir Charles Penrose suggested, some months since, the idea of educating one of these Christian slaves in Malta; and Captain Smyth says, there would be no difficulty whatever in getting one or two of them over here. But it is necessary first to make further inquiries into the history and circumstances of these Christian tribes; and, above all, to ascertain the language which they speak."

"It is a pity," remarks a correspondent of Mr. Jowett's, "we have not a Protestant place of worship at Tripoli. Much good would result from it; both by adding respectability to the flags, and probably the conversion of many Jews. Indeed, the mockery, foolery, and bigotry of the Roman Catholics here must disgust the Moors and Jews with the Christian religion. Five Protestant flags, (namely, British, American, Dutch, Danish, and Swedish,)—and no clergyman!'

"I never heard," continues Mr. Jowett, "that, at Tripoli, we have at any time had a chaplain. By treaty, the consul is allowed to hire a place to pray in. The Protestant population is extremely small, probably not exceeding five or six families, and some few additional and occasional individuals. But the services which a pious minister of Christ might there render to the great cause of his Master, must not be estimated by counting his weekly congre. gation. The writer of the paragraph above quoted, has taken an enlarged and judicious view of the subject. A Protestant chaplain would at once communicate and share respectability, in his proper sphere. In the mean while, he might gain a thorough acquaintance with the Moors and Arabs, such as would lay a solid foundation for future operations. With the Jews he might commence directly; no Christian, however bigotted, and no Mahomedan, could ob

ject to the conversion of a Jew. I scarcely need add, how interesting would the opportunity be, for making further inquiry respecting the Christian Negroes of the Interior.

"Let our friends, such of them as shrink from Fezzan, think of Tripoli.”

IRELAND.

Several clergymen in Ireland have undertaken to circulate in that kingdom, cheap and popular tracts, calculated to expose the errors of Popery. This measure has been resolved upon in consequence of the unceasing efforts of the priests, and their emissaries, to pervert the minds of the Protestant peasantry by plausible objections against the reformed religion, and by popular and specious arguments in favour of their own communion. These tracts are com posed with a view to the instruction of the lower orders of Protestants, and they will not only be free from every thing of a political tendency, but will avoid also every subject upon which all orthodox Protestants are not agreed. Small subscriptions in support of this object will be received by the Publisher, who will also procure copies of the tracts already published, for such as may be desirous of possessing them.

INDIA.

Among the extraordinary events of the present times, which indicate the rapid advance of mankind toward that grand era of truth and love for which Christians sedulously labour and devontly pray, the institution of a College at Calcutta, by the Natives themselves, is one of the most singular.

The institution is remarkable, as being the first which has been formed for English instruction, projected, superintended, and supported, by the Natives themselves.

The following persons compose the Managing Committee:

Heritable Governors: Dhee Raj Portal Chund Buhadoor, Zemindar of Burdwan; Gopee Mohun Thakoor.

Directors for the current year, 181617: Baboo Gunganarein Doss; Baboo Radhamadub Bonerjee; Baboo Joykishun Sing; Baboo Gopee Mohun Deb; Huree Mohun Thakoor.

European Secretary: Lieutenant F. Irvine.

Native Secretary: Baboo Buddeenath Mookerjee.

*The following, among other rules, were approved by the subscribers, at a meeting held August 27, 1816.

The primary object of this institution is, the tuition of the sons of respect -able Hindoos in the English and Indian languages, and in the literature and science of Europe and Asia. The col lege shall include a school (Pàthsal) and an academy (Màhâ Pâthsâlä). The former to be established immediately; the latter as soon as may be practicable. In the school shall be taught English and Bengalee reading, writing, grammar, and arithmetic, by the improved method of instruction. The Persian language may also be taught in the school, until the academy be establish ed, as far as shall be found convenient. In the academy, besides the study of such languages as cannot be so conveniently taught in the school, instruction shall be given in history, geography, chronology, astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, and other sciences. Public examinations shall be held at stated times, to be fixed by the managers; and students, who particularly distinguish themselves, shall receive honorary rewards. Boys who are distinguished in the school for proficiency and good conduct, shall, at the discretion of the managers, receive further instruction in the academy, free of charge.

When a student is about to leave either the school or the academy, a certificate shall be given him, under the signature of the superintendants; stating the period under which he has studied, the subjects of his studies, and the proficiency made by him; with such particulars of his name, age, parentage, and place of residence, as may be requisite to identify him.

There shall be two distinct funds; to be denominated, the "College Fund," and the "Education Fund;" for which separate subscription-books shall be opened: and all persons who have already subscribed to this institution, shall be at liberty to direct an appropriation of their contributions to either fund, or partly to both.

The object of the College Fund is, to form a charitable foundation for the advancement of learning, and in aid of the Education Fund. Its ultimate purpose will be, the purchase of ground, and construction of suitable buildings thereupon, for the permanent use of the college; as well as to provide all necessary articles of furniture, books, a philosophical apparatus, and whatever else may be requisite for the full accomplishment of the objects of the institution.

The amount subscribed to the Education Fund shall be appropriated to the education of pupils, and expense of tuition.

The subscription to the Education Fund shall be restricted, for the present, to the admission of one hundred scholars into the school of the institution; that being calculated to be the greatest number which can be admitted during the first year, without detriment to the good order of the school and the progress of the scholars. The subscription will, however, be extended, as soon as a greater number can be admitted. . The committee of managers will appoint an European secretary and native assistant secretary, who shall also be superintendants of the college, under the direction and controul of the committee.

INDIA.

DISPATCHES have arrived from the marquis of Hastings, communicating the intelligence that the Mahrattas had suddenly commenced extensive hostilities against us. The project had, doubtless, been a considerable time in contemplation; but the decisive operations of the Marquis against Dyaram, and the cap

ture of the fortress of Hattrass, probably disturbed the plans of the conspiring chiefs. Mr. Elphinstone, our Resident at the court of Poona, having discovered that that sovercign was plot ting against us with several other powers with whom we are professedly at peace, seized the person of the Peshwa, and committed him to safe

custody, while our troops advanced upon Poona, took possession of that capital, and compelled the Peshwa to accede to our terms, including the cession of three of the chief fortresses to the British general. The whole force of the Peshwa was some years ago estimated at 40,000 cavalry and 20,000 in fantry; and this large deduction must now, of course, be made from the forces of the confederacy. In the skirmishes which have hitherto taken place, the British troops are stated to have been victorious; and no serious apprehensious are entertained of the result: in fact, the war may be considered as already concluded.

GREAT

A special commission was opened at Derby, on the 16th of October, for the trial of the leaders in the late riots in the neighbourhood of Nottingham. True bills were found against more than 40; but 35 only were in custody. Four of these having been found guilty, the remainder, who had pleaded not guilty, were allowed to withdraw their plea, the crown officer pledging himself in that case not to proceed against them,

ALGIERS.

A formidable insurrection has broken out in Algiers. A body of Turkish soldiers marched tumultuously towards the palace of the Regency, where the Dey was surrounded by his ministers, and, overcoming the guards, rushed upon him and strangled him. The mutineers immediately proclaimed Ali Hodja Dey, and carried him in triumph to the palace, a few minutes after the death of his predecessor. The immediate causes of this insurrection have not been correctly ascertained, but it is conjectured that they are connected with the dissatisfaction caused by the late Dey's having signed the instrument for the abolition of Christian slavery.

The result of these trials, however painful in itself, has certainly been satisfactory to all who value the peace and prosperity of their country; and we indulge the hope, that the tranquillity of the populace, and the absence of those indecent acclamations which accompanied the prisoners at the late trials in London, are symptoms of the returning good sense and loyalty of the lower classes in that neighbourhood.

No. 191.]

JOHN NEWTON.

(Continued from p. 644.)

"W

E are ready to agree with you, that we could almost wish your visit had not been yet paid, that we might have the pleasure of expecting you again very soon. But such is the nature of this world. We are passing down the tide, or rather the stream of time; a long river which commences (as to us) with the hour of our birth, and will, at last, disembogue us into the ocean of eternity. We are carried rapidly along the banks; and the incidents of every day, when once past, are past for ever. Opportunities, whether lost or improved, are presently gone beyond recal. And nothing remains either of the troubles or the pleasures we have formerly known, but the remembrance or recollection. Many of our days, like the human face, have a strong general resemblance; but each has its own distinguishing feature, so that no two are exactly alike. But the stream of imagination is sweeping me away from my subject.

"Your visit was very pleasant to us; but it is over. There is, however, a pleasure in knowing and thinking that you have been here once and again-in ruminating over occurrences and converse which took place while you were here-in assuring ourselves that you will not be unmindful of us wherever you are-and especially in the prospect of meeting to unspeakable advantage in a better world.

"The pleasures of friendship, are the chief of a temporal nature which we can expect. First, we CHRIST. OBSERV. No, 191,

and family connexions, doubly heightened and strengthened by the ties of grace. Then an intercourse with those with whom we are united by spiritual affinity only. Here the circle of benevolence and affection expands, and there is still room for more. The principle of love to Jesus: Christ is always ready to embrace and unite us with every branch of his family, which his providence brings in our way. And friendships thus founded are not like those of the world, capricious, precarious, and unstable; but they will subsist and flourish hereafter and for ever. In the mean time, I am thankful for the privilege of pen, ink, and paper, posts and messengers: thus we can converse while at a distance: especially I would be thankful for a Throne of Grace. There we can meet daily, in defiance of intervening seas and mountains.

"The sum total of my ramble might have been expressed in a line or two: That we love you, count ourselves happy in your friendship, often have you upon our thoughts, and shall always be very glad to see you or to hear from you."

"Mrs. Newton has been very ill, and is still far from well. We have had advice, and are using every means for her recovery: so far I am satisfied; these are our part, the blessing is in the Lord's hand. It behoves us to wait his time and will with patience; and we have good reason, from past experience, as well as from the tenor of his promises, to trust him without reserve. We 4 X

have likewise reason to praise him; for if he causes grief, he affords likewise a thousand alleviations and comforts, which loudly proclaim his compassion. I desire to leave all in his hands, and to say, Thy will be done. There is that in me (of his own implanting) which acquiesces in the propriety of all his appointments; but there is that in me likewise (which is properly my own) that contradicts my better judgment, and would tempt me to prefer my own choice to his. The working of such a proud rebellious principle, in a heart that has known him and devoted itself to him, is, in my view, a more striking proof of depravity, than all the outward wickedness of those who know him not. I have cause, indeed, to say, Behold, I am vile, and to lie low in the dust under a sense of my ingratitude, presumption, and unbelief. So much about my insignificant self. "I cannot be sorry for your disappointment when here, since the Lord has taught you to profit by it. The fault, I believe, was no otherwise yours, than as you were guilty of overrating me. I well knew the motives of your favouring us with a second visit, and I wished to answer your expectations and desires. But my harp was untuned, and my spirit dry and awkward most of the time you were here. I thought more than once, What has Miss F come over to see? "A reed shaken with the wind," "a cloud without water." She expected to find me a well with a constant spring, but I prove to her an empty cistern. This was, upon the whole, quite right on your account. Henceforth I hope you will learn to think more justly of me, as a poor creature who have no stock or fund of my own, and am Incapable of speaking one sentence worth your notice, except as God is pleased to work in me and by me as his instrument. You may warrantably pass the same judgment upon every person you know. One half of our experience is de

signed to explain and enforce upon us that text, "Cease from man, whose breath is in his nostrils, for wherein is he to be accounted of?" (Isa. ii. 22.) Creatures are just that to us which the Lord makes them; but they have no sufficiency in themselves, and usually afford us least help when we expect most from them. When we are trained up in a long course of disappointments of this kind, we learn at length to say with David, "My soul, wait thou only upon God, for my expectation is from Him." To acquire this lesson, will ordinarily cost us dear; but it is well worth all we can suffer for it. And, therefore, I hope your last visit to us will eventually prove more profitable to you than either of the former. I trust the Lord will give you increasing satisfaction that the connexion before you is of his own preparing, and that your call to P-- is from Him who led Rebekah a long journey from her father's house, to answer important designs of his Providence, and to obtain blessings for herself. If you go by his will and under his guidance to P, he will meet you and bless you there. He will teach you the difficulties and the opportunities of the station he has appointed you, and how to avoid or support the one, and to improve the other. But for this he will be inquired of by you. The Bible is in your hand: it is a map of the way in which you are to walk, and a treasury of all the motives, encouragements, and supports which you will need to uphold you in it. Receive it as if given you by our Saviour himself, with the same charge which he gave to his servant Joshua. (See Joshua i. 8.) Farther, you have the Throne of Grace always near you, by sea and land, by night and day. From public ordinances, such as you most approve, you may be sometimes separated. These are highly desirable, and carefully to be improved if afforded, but they are not absolutely necessary. The Word