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"A general suspension of labor, the only legitimate "source of wealth, in our cities and towns, by which thou"sands of our most useful citizens are rendered destitute "of the means of support, and REDUCED TO THE "EXTREMITY OF POVERTY AND DESPAIR."

sufficient to secure the domestic market, and exclude the rival manufactures. Yet the duty is to be 12 or 15 per cent. But on porcelain, where the danger of competition is greater, there is to be a higher duty. The amount not stated.

"Upon the richer classes of this manufacture "[earthenware] the foreign manufacturer possessed cer"tain advantages-and upon these the duty would require "to be higher "

Again. A farmer in Pittsburg, who, in 1818, might choose to wear fine broad cloth, would have to pay for it, probably, 14 dollars per yard--but procured two yards for three barrels of flour. He can now purchase as good broad cloth for eight dollars, but As "the foreign manufacturer possesses certain advanwill have to pay nearly five barrels for two yards. tages," it is necessary to put it out of his power to This places in strong relief the utter impolicy by avail himself of them, and to guard the native subwhich the farming interest has been deluded to op-ject against their pernicious operation. pose the protection of their fellow-citizens engaged in manufactures, under the plausible, but very fallacious idea, that they ought to buy abroad what they could procure cheaper than at home, regardless of the ruin they inflicted on their fellow-citizens. This ruin soon recoiled on themselves For every dollar a farmer saves by the depression of the price of the few manufactures he has to purchase, he looses five in the reduction of the price of his produce.

The cotton manufacture is brought to such perfection in Great Britain-the machinery is of such a superior kind-is made so much cheaper than in any other country-the workmen are so skilful—capital so abundant-and interest so low-that no foreign nation can compete with her. She imports the raw material from the East Indies-works it upsends it back to that country, after two voyages of 30,000 miles, and yet undersels and drives from their own markets the wretched natives, who, I believe, live on a dollar or a dollar and a half per month. Could any duty be necessary to secure the home market under such circumstances? Surely not Yet, fearful of injuring her subjects, by opening a door to foreign cotton goods, she shuts them out by imposing a duty of 10 per cent. although Great Britain, as Mr. Huskisson said, “has a preference in every market in the world."

I hope this apparent digression will have its use, in deciding this important question. I now come to Mr. Huskisson's propositions, of which I shall only consider the duties on china and earthenware, cotton, woollens, looking glasses, wine bottles, linens, silks, iron and copper--and I hope to prove that the present administration of Great Britain, embracing a greater mass of practical and useful talent, than any other administration in that country, or, perhaps, in any other, are not, in reality, notwithstanding how "He apprehended no one would doubt, that we exstrong appearances are to the contrary, departing" celled all rivals in the manufacture of cotton—and that from the established system of their predecessors-"we had the preference in every market in the world in but pursuing it with a wisdom not inferior to that by respect to price and quality. He believed there was which it was originally devised. "no quarter of the world, in which our cotton goods This established system, then, I repeat, is, in brief, “had not a decided advantage over those manufacto protect native industry against foreign rivals." tured in any other country. Now, it matters not what is the amount of the duty, provided it answers the grand purpose of protection." Let it be borne in mind, that 5 per cent. may be adequate protection in one instance-whereas, 50 may not be enough in another.

I preface this examination by the candid and explicit declaration of Mr. Huskisson himself. He does not, for a moment, pretend that the reductions are made with any view to buy abroad such articles as can be procured cheaper than at home, and thus depress and ruin the native manufacturers. There is not the shadow of such an idea. If held out, it would be put down by acclamation. The whole system is predicated on the immense superiority of her capital, her skill and her enterprise, which secures her the supremacy in foreign markets, and, of course, can frown down all competition in the domestic one.

"In capital, in ingenuity, in that spirit of enterprise, "which distinguished the English character, we stood pro“minent; nor was he in the least afraid, so long as we re"tained those properties, TO BID DEFIANCE TO THE "WORLD."

Here is a candid, open confession, of the grounds on which the new system is predicated. None can be deceived in it, for "he that runs may read." And, therefore, it is hoped that no man, who values his reputation, will ever hereafter advance the doctrine, that the duties of Great Britain are reduced to encourage foreign manufacturers to deluge the country with their productions, as they do here, to the ruin of the natives and impoverishment of the nation. Philadelphia, May 9, 1825.

NO. II.

HAMILTON.

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"He meant to reduce all the duties to one of ten per cent. ad valorem; thus to allow India and all other "parts of the world to import their goods, on the payment of ten per cent. on importation."

That is to say, to "ALLOW them to import cottons at "ten per cent." whereas they could not compete in the British markets with the native manufacturer, even if allowed to import them duty free! This truly is "cutting the cords that tie commerce to the earth."

Although most of these observations apply with equal force to the woollen manufacture, yet the whole do not by any means. Ten per cent. therefore, would be inadequate to afford sufficient protection, and the duty is wisely to be rated at fifteen.

"The committee would be aware that we were "ourselves great exporters of woollen goods, and "that our articles found their way into foreign mar"kets to a great extent. Under these circumstances, "he was not afraid to reduce the duty from 50 per cent. "to 15."

Such is the superiority of the French, in the manufacture of looking-glasses, that were the duty 5 or 10, or perhaps even 12 per cent. the English manufacturers would be depressed by the influx of the rival articles. And, therefore, it is judiciously to be fixed at 20 per cent.

Some of the continental nations have made great advances in the manufacture of linen, which they can sell so cheap, that 15 or 20 per cent. duty, would not afford adequate protection. Twenty-five per cent. is, therefore, to be imposed, being deemed imperiously necessary to guard against foreign competition.

The silk manufacture has been brought to extraordinary perfection in Great Britain, notwithstanding I proceed to consider some of the details of Mr. that very nearly the whole of the raw material is of Huskisson's plan. foreign production. The importation was no less, in

I begin with earthenware and china. The excel-1824, than 3,050,000 lbs. Foreign silk goods were lence and perfection of the first article ought to be wholly prohibited until last year, when the prohibi

to the world," then, and not till then, may those nations
follow the example of Great Britain.

A variety of articles, in which the Germans have great advantages, are to be protected by a duty of thirty per cent.

tion was prospectively repealed. But the paternal care of the British government, fearful of allowing its subjects to be crushed by foreign competitors, among whom the raw material is indigenous, laid a duty of 13s. per lb. or $2.88, on plain-20s. or $4.44, on figured "There were various other articles, such as tursilks-and 30 per cent. on all other descriptions. Thus the duties are always proportioned to the neces-"nery and fancy work, on which he thought a general duty of 30 per cent. should be paid." sity of the case, and to the grand object of promoting the national prosperity, and securing the domestic market to the native subjects. Would to God that the legislatures of other nations displayed one half the fostering care of their domestic industry!

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Wine bottles are too insignificant to merit attention, were it not that they powerfully support my position, that the present system is no real departure from the old one. The duty was formerly about 500 per cent.-being 18s. per dozen; whereas, the price of the bottles is only 3s. 6d. It is now to be reduced to about 85 per cent. or 3s. per dozen. This is most obviously equivalent to an absolute prohibition. "His intention was to fix the duty somewhere "about the price of bottles in this country, SO AS "TO PREVENT INJURY TO THE BOTTLE MA“NUFACTURER.”

Cotemporaneously with this change, the duties on raw silk were reduced from 4s., 5s. 6d. and 14s. to 2s. 6d. and 7s. 6d. per lb. And here again the parental care of the government was most conspicuously and laudably displayed. Immense quantities of raw silk, on which the duties had been paid or secured, were in the hands of many of the manufacturers, who were in danger of being overwhelmed by rivals who would Thus we see there is no object too high for an Enbe supplied at the reduced rates. To place them all on an equal footing, an accurate account was takenglish administration to grasp, none too low to attract of all the silk on hands, and the duty returned or re- its attention, when the promotion of the national mitted. The amount of the duty thus returned was "wealth, power and resources," is the object., In no less than L.460,000 or $2,700,000! What a glori-such a course are displayed qualities of head and ous policy! How proud must an Englishman feel of an heart, that go to constitute a real statesman, worthy administration and a legislature acting on such grand to preside over the destinies of nations. If ever naand magnificent views! For the liberal policy where- tional pride be justifiable, it is in the contemplation on the measures of Great Britain are predicated, of of such wisdom, such intelligence, such parental care which this is a strong feature, she deserves all the of great national interests. glory, and greatness, and grandeur to which she has. The same benign idea of protecting the subject, is attained. A proposition to draw from our treasury perceptible in the reduction of the duty on copper, $50,000, to save from impending destruction any which, as Mr. Huskisson observed, was far beyond body of manufacturers, of the most useful character, what was necessary for the cardinal object, protection. and the most important in point of numbers, would The duty is to be reduced from 541. to 271. per ton. "The duty on the importation of foreign copper, excite, from New Hampshire to Georgia, all the angry passions that reflect discredit on our nature, and was not less than 541. a ton; a rate far beyond what be regarded as absolute robbery. Resistance would was necessary to protect the interests of those whose probe threatened. What a mortifying contrast our nation-perty was embarked in producing the article in this coun al legislature, which ought to stand proudly pre-eminent, exhibited in 1823-4, when 12 or 15 days were. spent in miserable debates on the duty upon cotton bagging, whether it should be 44, 5, 51, 6, 61, or 7 cents per square yard, and on other analogous topics equally Mr. Huskisson has fallen into a vital error-an paltry! Speeches of four hours length were made on the subject with as much ardor as if the salvation of the nation were at stake. There is not a greater con- error which has had extensive currency here-and trast between the Himalaya mountains and the Lau- which, being calculated to produce an unsound state rel hill, than between Mr. Huskisson drawing from of mind on this all-important subject, demands to be the treasury 2,700,000 dollars for the relief of a small corrected. In order to display, in strong relief, the class of manufacturers, and a member of congress in-advantages of that course of policy, which, par exvoking heaven and earth-and threatening resistance, cellence, is styled the liberal system, he institutes a in the case of a slight increase of duties to save his fel- comparison between the progress of the cotton and low citizens from rain; to promote and foster the Woollen manufactures, and assumes, as undeniable, national industry; and to add to the wealth, power and that the former has arisen to its present unexampled prosperity with little or no protection, while the fostering care bestowed on the latter has tended to deresources of his country! press it!

"Pudet hæc opprobria nobis,

"Et dici potuisse-et non potuisse refelli!” After stating the case of the silk manufacturers, Mr. Huskisson observes

«try."

The deficiency of iron to supply their orders, many of which are now sent to be executed on the conti61. 10s. to 31. 10s. per ton. nent, is the reason of the reduction of the duty from

Nothing can be more foreign from the real state of the case. It is not only not the fact, but the reverse of the fact. The prohibition of woollen goods has long since ceased in Great Britain-and the duty is stated, by Mr. Huskisson, at only fifty per cent. Whereas cotton goods of certain kinds were under absolute prohibition, at the moment when Mr. Huskisson was speaking, and most of the few which were admitted, were subject to much higher duties, than

"If a protecting duty of thirty per cent. was quite suf"ficient upon the only branch of our manufactures in “which we were, in some respects, behind hand with foreign "countries, it became the house to consider, in re"spect to other branches, which had long flourished "and maintained a superiority in all parts of the world, "whether they would continue to preserve a system of "USELESS PROHIBITORY DUTIES, which only placed the But before I substantiate this important point, I "trade of those articles of foreign produce in the "hands of smugglers, instead of the legitimate mer-will let Mr. Huskisson speak for himself:"The woollen manufacture, more than any other, "chants of the country."

woollens.

Why are these "prohibitory duties useless?" Because," had been nursed, and fostered, and dandled by "the legislature, and, indeed, appeared to have been Like many other having brought the manufactures in question to perfection, Great Britain can, in the emphatic language" the favorite child of legislation. "favorite children, it had received more injury than beneof Mr. H. "bid defiance to the world." When the manufactures of other nations have ar-"fit from its additional petting; while its younger brorived at such perfection that they may "bid defiance "ther, cotton, being more left to itself, had made more

rapid strides, and grown up with a far more vigorous | constitution.

This sounds well-and is, undoubtedly, very plausible. But mark the real state of the case.

By the statute 11 and 12, of William III. "All calicoes, painted, dyed, printed or stained, in "Persia, China, or the East Indies, were prohibited "to be imported for sale in Great Britain, and were "liable to seizure, even when made up in clothes."

Commerce of the United States.

We shall take an early opportunity to publish the papers from the treasury department, relative to the commerce and navigation of the United States -they will occupy many pages. In the mean time, the following items, relating to the imports and exports of the year, ending the 30th Sept. 1824, and compared with those of 1823, will interest many of our readers.

IMPORTS.

At the period of this enactment, the cotton manufacture was almost altogether confined to those east-Statement of the value of merchandise imported into

ern countries; therefore, this was tantamount to a general prohibition. But this was not deemed sufficient-for, to quote the words of the statute

"The person in whose custody, knowing thereof, the same shall be found, or seized, or that shall sell or dis"pose thereof, to any person whatsoever, shall forfeit two "hundred pounds"-equal to about 888 dollars.

This law, unless repealed at the present session of parliament, is in full force.

What an enormous penalty on a person whose wife wore an East India calico gown, or who sold a yard of that kind of calico!-and this, for an article which we have, times without number, been told, has arrived at its present state of perfection, although "left to itself," unprotected by duties, or prohibitions, or fines, or forfeitures!! This demands a pause. The first statesman in Great Britain gives the world to understand, that the cotton manufacture has attained to its present unexampled prosperity, without the aid of the government. Yet, by the very speech, in which this strong declaration is made, it appears that the lowest duty on it is 50 per cent. and that, on certain kinds, the duties are 671 and 75 per cent.!

"What would the committee conceive was the

"amount of the protecting duty upon the importation "of the foreign manufacture, [cottons?] No less "than 75 per cent. ad valorem on one description of goods-upon another, 67 per cent. Upon the "lowest description, it was 50 per cent."

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It further appears, though not stated in the speech, that certain kinds, embracing a great variety, have been, for above a century, and were then, absolutely prohibited!!! If we had not these facts before our eyes, would they not be absolutely incredible?

the United States from October 1, 1822, to Sept. 30, 1823, and for the same period in 1823 and

1824:

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uncertain

1823.
$1,658,244

1824. 1,610,990

4,498,911

4,889,646

37,646,726 38,995,198

manufactures 2,357,527

3,264,421

47,155,408 50,649,500

8,115,082

9,724,073

Foreign-free of duty

994,020 1,889,245

7,696,749 paying duty ad val. 8,502,239 specific duties 11,344,544 7,498,002 27,543,622 25,337,157

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Let us now take a calm and candid view of the whole of the details, and it will appear that, so far from affording any countenance to the system which is here dignified with the name of liberal, and the pursuit of which has inflicted on this country all the distress it has suffered, they speak the strong language of condemnation of that system, and the most powerful corroboration of the admirable scheme of policy pourtrayed with "a pencil of light," by that profound statesman, Alexander Hamilton. Had the friends of that policy been praying to heaven for some indisputable facts to lay scepticism prostrate, they could not have desired any thing more apropos than those detailed in the speech of Mr. Huskisson. When a nation, which has such transcendent advantages, in point of skill, capital, enterprise, internal navigation, low wages, and, in fine, in every thing necessary, almost without duties, to secure the domes tic market, is acknowledged, by a profound British statesman, to require protecting dutics of 10, 20, 25 and 30 per cent. lest, perchance, his fellow subjects should be driven from their own markets, what must be thought of our politicians, who, in the infirm and infantile state of our manufactures, relentlessly and pertinaciously, and, unfortunately, with too much success, struggle against the imposition of duties, 20 or 25 or 30 per cent. for the protection of their fel-in 1824, $8,047,578-export in 1824, 7,014,552; baThe import of specie in 1823 was $5,097,896; and, low-citizens, and for preventing the ruinous drain of lance in favor of the importation in 1824, $1,033,026. national wealth! I forbear to give the condemnatory

HAMILTON.

1823.

$1,658,244

1824. 1,610,990

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response-which I leave to the decision of every un-Statement of the commerce of each state and terribiassed reader. tory, commencing on the 1st October, 1823, and ending on the 30th September, 1824:

Philadelphia, May 12, 1825.

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Michigan territory

Florida territory

1,886 6,986 80,549,007

Louisiana

Total value consequently low, and loans for permanent invest-
of exports. ments, wherever a convertible satisfactory security
900,195 can be presented, may be readily obtained."
185,383
10,434,328

"I take the liberty to suggest, that a transferable
stock might be created by the national government,
208,258 the accounts of which should be kept distinct from
$72,899
those which relate to the funded debt, which ought
575,852 to be preserved in the present regular course of ex-
22,997,135 tinction. This stock should be rendered solely ap-
28,989 plicable to the aid of such improvements as were
9,364,893 specifically sanctioned by the government, with the
18,964 consent of the states in which they were located.
4,863,233 It might be declared redeemable at the periods when
722,405 the authorized improvements became productive of
3,277,564 income, which periods can now be nearly ascertained
583,733 by precise contracts; the improvements, when pro-
8,034,082 ductive of revenue, by being divisible into shares,
4,623,982 would be desirable objects in which the funds of
7,928,820 states, local corporations and individuals, might be
460,727 safely and permanently invested, thereby supplying
resources for redeeming the national stock which
had been advanced.

Internal Improvement.

216

The following are extracts from that part of the message of governor Wolcott, to the legislature of Connecticut, which relates to the expediency of internal improvements by the general government:

"If the first distribution of stock were prudently made, and in no greater amounts than the public 75,986,657 credit would fully sustain, without displacing that portion of public industry which will be constantly required for other objects, these immense advantages might be imparted to the separate states, affording to them constant augmentations of their revenues, derived from more temporary loans of public credit, without any actual advances from the treasury. The operations of these loans of credit, would be wholly different from the waste of capital occasioned by war; they would not diminish those expenditures, which the government may desire to make, as strictly national improvements, from the proceeds of their revenues as at present established, and they would exhibit, for the first time, the spectacle of a great pacific nation, acting in concert with its separate members, constantly employing, and, at the same time, augmenting, its resources, by conferring benefits on mankind."

"In my opinion, the period has arrived, when a comprehensive system of national improvement ought to be formed; and I think that the north-eastern states are invited to co-operate with the rest of the union, by every consideration arising from a sense of duty, honor and interest. This section embraces a great agricultural, commercial and manufacturing region. We well understand the mutual relations of these interests, and know that they all flourish best, when all are impartially protected. Such improvements as have been noticed, would direct the eurrents of our rivers upon elevated plains, multiply hydraulic powers, increase the fertility of subjacent soil, develope and distribute the treasures in our mountains, animate the industry and enterprise of all We are gratified at perceiving that the subject of the people, connect their interests with those estab-rail roads is exciting considerable inquiry throughout lished on the whole line of sea-coast and with like in- the country, and in the same ratio that canals were terests in the southern states, increase all their rela-projected, commenced and executed, so will rail tions with this state, and enable every portion to par- roads, as we have reason to believe, be found in the ticipate in the immeasurable advantages which the most populous parts of the union. When we take canals of New York will confer on the western states, into consideration, that, for several months, our caand through them on the new republics of the wost-nals will not be navigable, and the increase of trade ern hemisphere.

"It is an interesting subject, to determine the system by which these great objects can be most advantageously accomplished. That they embrace vital interests in several contiguous states; that the completion of them will occupy a considerable portion of time and extensive labors, and require great expenditures, is certain. Yet, I believe, that, if they are commenced on correct principles, and are wisely and honestly conducted, they will occasion no waste of public resources; but that, on the contrary, the capitals which may be expended, will be replaced, and that the regular incomes that they will produce, will supply funds for new combinations and still greater improvements. At the present period, no money is hoarded by civilized and commercial nations, beyond what is required for immediate use. A well organized and established public credit is, to them, invaluable. The credit of no country is superior to that of the United States and the eastern states. At the present time, great capitals are unemployed, arising from accumulating dividends, and the extinction of national and other debts. The interest of money is!

Rail Roads.

FROM THE N. Y. NATIONAL ADVOCATE.

will demand improvements in roads, we cannot doubt that the experiment will be soon tried, and, if tried, we have every assurance of success. We have been favored with the perusal of an English work lately published entitled, “Observations on a general iron rail way or land steam conveyance, to supersede the necessity of horses in all public vehicles, showing its vast superiority, in every respect, over all the present pitiful methods of conveyance by turnpike roads, canals, and coasting traders; containing every species of information relative to rail roads and locomotive engines, by Thomas Gray. Fifth edition, with plates. London, printed."

The author, after an introduction, consisting of a short address to the public, petitions, &c. &c. proceeds to the consideration of the advantages which this new system of inland conveyance promises. He commences by a comparison of the cost of canals and rail ways, the quantity of goods and merchandise transported on each, and which is preferable and most worthy of national encouragement, and this comparison he illustrates by calculations and actual experiments.

As the subject is one of great interest, and is, at

this moment, occupying the attention of capitalists, and will shortly be practically considered in this state, we deem it adviseable to make a few extracts from the work before us.

The comparative difference between horse and mechanic power, on rail roads, is a curious calculation, and is no doubt correct-page 76.

"The real number of wagon, coach and post chaise horses on our main turnpike roads, will, perhaps, be found to exceed 500,000; taking, however, this number for a calculation, and computing the value of each horse at 1.20, the keep at 1.20 each per annum; in the course of twelve years, allowing for the renewal of stock every four years, and the interest of the capital, the consequent expense in this limited space of time is L.173,500,000

"The expense of 10,000 steam engines, 1.300 each in value, which would, on a rail way, be more than equivalent to the horse power above stated, amounts to 13,000,000 "Interest of this capital for 12 years

"Fuel necessary to feed the steam engines, taken at 14 shillings per day for each, in 12 years

amounts to

1,800,000

30,660,000

35,460,000 L.138,040,000 This is an immense saving. The next in order, is the locomotive engine, of a four horse power.

The engine draws 26 wagons; loaded, 68 cwt. each; empty, 23 cwt. each; travels at the rate of four miles and hour-cost 1.350.

Expense of each engine per annum. Wear and tear, including hemp, tallow, &c. .102; consumes 9 cwt. a day of coal; 500 gallons of water.

country collectively, they are in debt 1.280 per mile. When we take into consideration the expense of making our turnpikes, and the little profit they have should not undergo a change. We have iron in abunyielded, it may be asked whether the whole system dance, timber and stone in abundance, land is cheap, is thrown in our way, and while their cost cannot be therefore every advantage in making iron rail ways much beyond that of ordinary turnpikes, their durability, and the despatch which they promote, give them every way the preference. We shall occasionally keep the subject alive, because it is one which must engage public attention generally.

CHRONICLE.

Mr. Anderson, minister to Colombia, with his family, has arrived at New York, from Carthagena.

Thomas M. Rodney, esq. of Delaware, has been appointed, by the president of the United States, consular commercial agent at Havana, in the place of John Warner, esq. deceased.

Mexican consuls. The president of the United States has recognized the following consular appointments, viz:

Ventura Obrigon, as vice consul of the republic of Mexico, for the port of New York.

Charles Tiernan, as vice consul of the republic of Mexico, for the port of Baltimore.

Henry B. Chew, as vice consul of the republic of Mexico, for the port of Philadelphia.

the United States from the state of Connecticut, on Calvin Willey, esq. has been elected a senator of the 4th ballot. For. Mr. W. 114; S. A. Foote 50; Mr. J. S. Peters 14; Mr. Lanman, the late senator, 4; and 11 other votes for different persons.

Rail roads may be traced as far back as 1680; they ing in the West Indies, are hereafter to resort to PenNaval station. It is stated that our vessels, cruiswere made of wood or ledges, for the purpose of con- sacola, for supplies, &c. on account of the unhealthiveying coal; and, in 1738, iron rail ways were sub-ness of Thompson's Island. But the latter will be ocmuch trade with Cuba, &c. casionally visited, and, no doubt, become a place of

stituted.

"According to Mr. Fulton, the cost of a single rail road, with sufficient crossing places for a descending trade, was estimated at 1,600l. per mile. In Dr. Anderson's recreations, 1,000!. is mentioned as the estimate for a double one. However, Mr. Fulton's is most likely to be nearest to accuracy, as his calculations were made from observation, and embraced the whole minutia of such a work."

"An engine of four horse power, employed by Mr. Brenkinsop, impelled a carrage, lightly loaded, at the rate of ten miles an hour; and when connected with 30 coal wagons, each weighing more than three tons, it went at about one-third of that space."

Now, it may be asked, can four horses drag thirty loaded wagons, of 100 tons, at the rate of three and a half miles per hour?

"The application of the steam engine to impel carriages on the public roads, has hitherto been considered as a refinement in mechanics, rather to be wished for, than a matter of reasonable expectation. It has, however, been stated, that a vehicle of this description is now constructing in Ireland, intended as a stage coach; and it is added, that, when loaded, will be equal to four tons; it will be enabled to advance at the rate of 15 English miles per hour."

coffee reached Baltimore, some time ago, the brig
Baltimore vessels. When the news of the rise in
Griffin, capt. Farren, was despatched for Port au
Prince, which place she reached in seven days from
the capes of the Chesapeake, and, being the first ves-
sel, the object of her voyage was fulfilled. She re-
of coffee, having been absent only thirty-three days!
turned to this city a few days ago, with a full cargo
bills are afloat.
Counterfeits. Several large issues of counterfeit
how they receive the notes of distant banks from
Every body should be cautious
been broken up in Tennessee. The fellows had car-
the hands of strangers. A camp of counterfeiters has
ried on an extensive manufactory in a rude moun-
per at a small mill, by them erected, and driven by
tainous part of the country, and made their own pa-

water power.

lord Byron, for the copy-right of his principal poems, Lord Byron. The total sum paid by Mr. Murray to is ascertained to have been 68,578 dollars. It would appear, from this fact, that fame alone did not induce his lordship to court the muses.

A veteran editor. The venerable' John Bradford, In one of the reports published on the subject of nearly 40 years ago, has resumed, at the age of bewho established the Kentucky Gazette, at Lexington, iron rail ways, it is distinctly stated, that merchan-tween 80 and 90, the editorial charge of that paper. dise can be conveyed on rail roads with more expedition, and at one-fourth the cost of canals.

The Hessian fly has commenced its ravages on the waste is said to be complete. eastern shore of Maryland. In the light lands, the

Speaking of the state of turnpikes in England, it is stated that "none of the turnpike roads defray the annual expense of repairs; that the debt is 1.289 per that four ships, now fitting out at that port for long Leather sheathing. The Nantucket Inquirer states mile, where the receipts are the greatest in the king-voyages to the South Seas, are partly sheathed with dom. Taking all the turnpike roads throughout the leather.

PRINTED BY WILLIAM OGDEN NILES, AT THE FRANKLIN PRESS, WATER-STREET, EAST OF SOUTH-STREET.

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